Interleukin 1 receptor, type II (IL-1R2) also known as CD121b (Cluster of Differentiation 121b) is an
interleukin receptor
Interleukin receptors are a family of cytokine receptors for interleukins. They belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
Types
There are two main families of Interleukin receptors, Type 1 and Type 2.
Type 1
Type 1 interleukin receptors includ ...
. IL1R2 also denotes its human
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Function
The
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
encoded by this gene is a
decoy receptor for certain
cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–25 kDa) important in cell signaling. Cytokines are peptides and cannot cross the lipid bilayer of cells to enter the cytoplasm. Cytokines have been shown to be involved in autocrin ...
s that belongs to the
interleukin-1 receptor
Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) is a cytokine receptor
Cytokine receptors are receptors that bind to cytokines.
In recent years, the cytokine receptors have come to demand the attention of more investigators than cytokines themselves, partly ...
family. This protein binds
interleukin-1α (IL1A),
interleukin-1β (IL1B), and
interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1RN) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''IL1RN'' gene.
IL-1RN was initially called the IL-1 inhibitor and was discovered separately in 1984 by two independent laboratories. IL-1RN is a ...
(IL1Ra), preventing them from binding to their regular
receptors and thereby inhibiting the transduction of their signaling. IL-1R2 protein also interacts non-productively with the second component of the signaling IL-1 receptor, namely IL-1RAcP, and a complex of the IL-1R2 and IL-1RAcP extracellular domains with interleukin-1 beta has been solved by X-ray crystallography.
Interleukin 4
The interleukin 4 (IL4, IL-4) is a cytokine that induces differentiation of naive helper T cells ( Th0 cells) to Th2 cells. Upon activation by IL-4, Th2 cells subsequently produce additional IL-4 in a positive feedback loop. IL-4 ...
(IL4) is reported to antagonize the activity of interleukin 1 by inducing the expression and release of this cytokine. This gene and three other genes form a cytokine receptor gene cluster on chromosome 2q12. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been reported.
See also
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Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophen ...
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Interleukin 1 receptor, type I
References
Further reading
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External links
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Immunoglobulin superfamily cytokine receptors
Clusters of differentiation
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