The Integrated Ocean Observing System
IOOS is an organization of systems that routinely and continuously provides quality controlled data and information on current and future states of the
oceans and
Great Lakes
The Great Lakes, also called the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of large interconnected freshwater lakes in the mid-east region of North America that connect to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River. There are five lakes ...
from the global scale of ocean basins to local scales of
coast
The coast, also known as the coastline or seashore, is defined as the area where land meets the ocean, or as a line that forms the boundary between the land and the coastline. The Earth has around of coastline. Coasts are important zones in n ...
al
ecosystem
An ecosystem (or ecological system) consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy enters the syst ...
s. It is a multidisciplinary system designed to provide data in forms and at rates required by decision makers to address seven societal goals.
IOOS is developing as a multi-scale system that incorporates two, interdependent components, a global ocean component, called the
Global Ocean Observing System, with an emphasis on ocean-basin scale observations and a coastal component that focuses on local to Large Marine Ecosystem (LME) scales.
Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) in U.S. coastal waters and IOOS Regional Associations.
Many of IOOS' component regional systems are being dismantled for lack of federal funding, including the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing Syste
GoMOOS. This has resulted in the loss of long term data sets and information used by Coast Guard search and rescue operations.
Regional associations
The coastal component consists of Regional Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (RCOOSs) nested in a National Backbone of coastal observations. From a coastal perspective, the global ocean component is critical for providing data and information on basin scale forcings (e.g.,
ENSO events), as well as providing the data and information necessary to run coastal models (such as storm surge models).
IOOS coastal components
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* Alaska Ocean Observing System
AOOS
* Central California Ocean Observing System
CeNCOOS
* Great Lakes Observing System
GLOS
* Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System
GoMOOS
* Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System
GCOOS
*Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System
The Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) is a nonprofit association and one of eleven such associations in the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System, funded in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The Pa ...
PacIOOS
* Mid-Atlantic Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association
MACOORA
*Northwest Association of Networked Ocean Observing Systems
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each sep ...
NANOOS
*Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing System
Southern may refer to:
Businesses
* China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China
* Southern Airways
Southern Airways was a regional airline (known at the time as a "local-service air carrier" as designated by the federal Civil ...
SCCOOS
*Southeast Coastal Ocean Observing Regional Association
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each ...
SECOORA
*Caribbean Integrated Ocean Observing System
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...
CarICOOS
See also
* GOOS
* Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS)
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) was built by the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) on the basis of a 10-Year Implementation Plan running from 2005 to 2015. GEOSS seeks to connect the producers of environmental data and decisi ...
* Ocean acoustic tomography
Ocean acoustic tomography is a technique used to measure temperatures and currents over large regions of the ocean. On ocean basin scales, this technique is also known as acoustic thermometry. The technique relies on precisely measuring the ti ...
* Argo (oceanography)
Argo is an international program that uses profiling floats to observe temperature, salinity, currents, and, recently, bio-optical properties in the Earth's oceans; it has been operational since the early 2000s. The real-time data it provides ...
* Alliance for Coastal Technologies
Established in 2000, the Alliance for Coastal Technologies (ACT) is a NOAA-funded partnership of research institutions, resource managers, and private sector companies dedicated to fostering the development and adoption of effective and reliable s ...
* Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (authorizing legislation for IOOS)
References
{{reflist
External links
Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS)Regional AssociationsCoastal Ocean Observing SystemSocial & Economic Benefits of IOOS
from "NOAA Socioeconomics" website initiative
Rutgers University RU27 through the IOOS - Smithsonian Ocean Portal
Oceanography
Earth observation projects
Oceanographic organizations