Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera, often shortened to Instituto Nacional (National Institute), is a public boys' school in downtown

Santiago, Chile Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital (political), capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated Regions of Chile, region, t ...

which teaches 4.400 students between 7th and 12th grade. 170 teachers are employed. The school was founded on August 10, 1813 by

José Miguel Carrera José Miguel Carrera Verdugo (; October 15, 1785 – September 4, 1821) was a Chilean general, formerly Spanish military, member of the prominent Carrera family, and considered one of the founders of independent Chile. Carrera was the most impor ...

. Its official name is ''Liceo Ex A-0 - Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera''. The Instituto Nacional is one of the few public schools in Chile's largely privatized educational landscape. The school played a role in the long-running student protests for fairer education policies in 2006. When the protests began in 2019 with the increase in metro prices, the students at the Instituto Nacional called for collective fare evasion.

History

The school was founded on August 10, 1813 by Chile's first President and national hero, José Miguel Carrera. The official name is Liceo Ex A-0 - Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera. During the military dictatorship under

Augusto Pinochet Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (, , , ; 25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean general who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, first as the leader of the Military Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981, being declared President of ...

from 1976, the Chilean educational structures were fundamentally changed, most educational institutions were privatized and the educational system was largely transferred to municipal sponsorship. Despite rejection by the National Educational Institute (Centro de Alumnos del Instituto Nacional, CAIN) and a number of opposition parties, the military junta pushed through the dismantling of public education. In 1986 the administration of the Instituto Naticonal passed to the Municipality of Santiago. Rector Luis Molina Palacios who had been in office since 1975, then resigned; he had spoken out against the reform.

Notable alumni

The school's alumni include several former Presidents of Chile. *

Manuel Bulnes Prieto Manuel Bulnes Prieto (; December 25, 1799 – October 18, 1866) was a Chilean military and political figure. He was twice President of Chile, from 1841 to 1846 and from 1846 to 1851. Born in Concepción, he served as the president of Chile bet ...

, President of Chile (1841-1851) *

Manuel Montt Torres Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres (; September 4, 1809 – September 21, 1880) was a Chilean statesman and scholar. He was twice elected President of Chile between 1851 and 1861. Biography Montt was born in Petorca, Valparaíso ...

, President of Chile (1851-1861) *

José Joaquín Pérez Mascayano José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

, President of Chile (1861-1871) *

Federico Errázuriz Zañartu Federico Marcos del Rosario Errázuriz Zañartu (; April 25, 1825 – July 20, 1877) was a Chilean political figure. He served as the president of Chile between 1871 and 1876. Biography He was born in Santiago in 1825, of Basque descent. He studi ...

, President of Chile (1871–1876) *

Aníbal Pinto Garmendia Aníbal is the Spanish and Portuguese masculine given name equivalent of Hannibal (q.v.), itself a latinization of the Greek name Hanníbas (Ἀννίβας), derived from “ḥnbʿl” in the Carthaginian language (Carthaginian Punic script, 𐤇 ...

, President of Chile (1876–1881) * Domingo Santa María González, President of Chile (1881–1886) * José Manuel Balmaceda Fernández, President of Chile (1886–1891) *

Federico Errázuriz Echaurren Federico Errázuriz Echaurren (Santiago, November 16, 1850 – Valparaíso, July 12, 1901) was a Chilean politician who served as the 12th President of Chile. Early life He was son of the president Federico Errázuriz Zañartu and of Eulogia ...

, President of Chile (1896–1901) *

Germán Riesco Errázuriz Germán () is a male given name in Spanish speaking countries. It is a cognate to French Germain, and is a variant of Latin Germanus. Surname * Domingo Germán (born 1992), baseball player * Esteban Germán (born 1978), Dominican professiona ...

, President of Chile (1901–1906) * Pedro Montt Montt, President of Chile (1906–1910) *

Ramón Barros Luco Ramón Barros Luco (; June 9, 1835 – September 20, 1919) was President of Chile between 1910 and 1915. Barros Luco was born in 1835 in Santiago, Barros Luco was son of Ramón Luis Barros Fernández and Dolores Luco Fernández de Leiva. He grad ...

, President of Chile (1910–1915) * Juan Luis Sanfuentes Andonaégui, President of Chile (1915–1920) *

Emiliano Figueroa Larraín Emiliano Figueroa Larraín (; July 12, 1866 – May 15, 1931) was President of Chile from December 23, 1925 until his resignation on May 10, 1927. He also served as Acting president for a few months in 1910. Biography Figueroa was born on July 1 ...

, President of Chile (1925–1927) *

Pedro Aguirre Cerda Pedro Abelino Aguirre Cerda (; February 6, 1879 – November 25, 1941) was a Chilean political figure, educator, and lawyer who served as the 22nd president of Chile from 1938 until his death in 1941. A member of the Radical Party since 1906, ...

, President of Chile (1938–1941) * Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez, President of Chile (1958–1964) *

Salvador Allende Gossens Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (, , ; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973. He was the fir ...

, President of Chile (1970–1973) *

Ricardo Lagos Escobar Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar (; born 2 March 1938) is a Chilean lawyer, economist and social-democratic politician who served as president of Chile from 2000 to 2006. During the 1980s he was a well-known opponent of the Chilean military di ...

, President of Chile (2000–2006) * Manuel Pardo, 31st President of Peru *

Miguel Luis Amunátegui Miguel Luis Amunátegui Aldunate (January 11, 1828 in Santiago, Chile – January 22, 1888) was a Chilean historian, politician, and writer. He was the brother of fellow historian Gregorio Víctor Amunátegui Aldunate. Early life Amunátegui was ...

, Chilean Historian *

Francisco Bilbao Francisco Bilbao Barquín (; 19 January 1823 – 9 February 1865) was a Chilean writer, philosopher and liberal politician. Early life Francisco Bilbao Barquin was born in Santiago on 9 January 1823 to Rafael Bilbao Beyne and Argentina Mercedes ...

, Chilean writer, philosopher, and politician *

Camilo Henríquez Friar José Camilo Henríquez González (; July 29, 1769 in Valdivia, Chile – March 16, 1825 in Santiago de Chile) was a priest, author, politician, and is considered an intellectual antecedent to and founding father of the Republic of Chile ...

, Priest, author, and politician *

José Victorino Lastarria José Victorino Lastarria (; 23 March 1817 – 14 June 1888) was a Chilean writer, legislative deputy, senator, diplomat, and finance minister. Early life José Victorino Lastarria was the son of Francisco Lastarria y Cortés and Carmen Santander ...

, Chilean writer, legislative deputy, senator, diplomat, and finance minister *

Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna (August 25, 1831 – January 25, 1886) was a Chilean writer, journalist, historian and politician. Vicuña Mackenna was of Irish and Basque descent. Biography Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna was born in Santiago, the ...

, Chilean writer, journalist, historian and politician * Ramón Allende Padín, Chilean physician and politician *

Manuel Baquedano Manuel Jesús Baquedano González (; January 1, 1823 – September 30, 1897) was a Chilean soldier and politician, who served as Commander-in-chief of the Army during the War of the Pacific, and briefly as President of Chile during the civil war ...

, Chilean soldier and politician * Alberto Cabero, Chilean politician * Pedro Lira, Chilean painter and art critic *

José Toribio Medina José Toribio Medina Zavala (; October 21, 1852 - December 11, 1930) was a Chilean bibliographer, prolific writer, and historian. He is renowned for his study of colonial literature in Chile, printing in Spanish America and large bibliographies su ...

, Chilean bibliographer, prolific writer, and historian *

Arturo Prat Agustín Arturo Prat Chacón (; April 3, 1848 – May 21, 1879) was a Chilean lawyer and navy officer. He was killed in the Battle of Iquique, during the War of the Pacific. During his career, Prat had taken part in several naval engagements, ...

, Chilean lawyer and navy officer *

Pedro Sienna Pedro Sienna (13 May 1893—20 March 1972) was a Chilean playwright, poet, journalist, art critic and theatre and movie actor who is also remembered as one of his country's pioneering directors in the early years of silent film. He was marri ...

, Chilean playwright, poet, journalist, art critic, and actor

References

Schools in Santiago Metropolitan Region Boys' schools in Chile 1813 establishments in the Captaincy General of Chile {{Chile-school-stub