This is an alphabetical list of articles pertaining specifically to

electrical and electronics engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...

. For a thematic list, please see

List of electrical engineering topics The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to electrical engineering. Electrical engineering – field of engineering that generally deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics and electromag ...

. For a broad overview of engineering, see

List of engineering topics The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to engineering: Engineering is the scientific discipline and profession that applies scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to design, create, and ...

. For biographies, see List of engineers.

A

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15 kV AC Railway electrification systems using at are used on transport railways in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Sweden, and Norway. The high voltage enables high power transmission with the lower frequency reducing the losses of the traction moto ...

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2D computer graphics 2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images—mostly from two-dimensional models (such as 2D geometric models, text, and digital images) and by techniques specific to them. It may refer to the branch of computer ...

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3Com 3Com Corporation was an American digital electronics manufacturer best known for its computer network products. The company was co-founded in 1979 by Robert Metcalfe, Howard Charney and others. Bill Krause joined as President in 1981. Metcalfe e ...

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Abrasion (mechanical) Abrasion is the process of scuffing, scratching, wearing down, marring, or rubbing away. It can be intentionally imposed in a controlled process using an abrasive. Abrasion can be an undesirable effect of exposure to normal use or exposure to t ...

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AC adapter An AC adapter or AC/DC adapter is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. Other common names include wall wart, power brick, wall charger, and power adapter. Adapters for battery-powered equipment may ...

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AC power plugs and sockets AC power plugs and sockets connect electric equipment to the alternating current (AC) mains electricity power supply in buildings and at other sites. Electrical plugs and sockets differ from one another in voltage and electric current, current ...

– * AC power – * AC/AC converter – * AC/DC receiver design – *

AC/DC conversion A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The reverse operation (converting DC to AC) is performed by an inver ...

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Active rectification Active rectification, or synchronous rectification, is a technique for improving the efficiency of rectification by replacing diodes with actively controlled switches, usually power MOSFETs or power bipolar junction transistors (BJT). Whereas nor ...

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Actuator An actuator is a component of a machine that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system, for example by opening a valve. In simple terms, it is a "mover". An actuator requires a control device (controlled by control signal) a ...

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Adaptive control Adaptive control is the control method used by a controller which must adapt to a controlled system with parameters which vary, or are initially uncertain. For example, as an aircraft flies, its mass will slowly decrease as a result of fuel consumpt ...

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Adjustable-speed drive Motor drive means a system that includes a motor. An adjustable speed motor drive means a system that includes a motor that has multiple operating speeds. A variable speed motor drive is a system that includes a motor and is continuously variabl ...

– * Advanced Z-transform – * Affinity law – * Agbioeletric – * AIEE – * All American Five – *

Alloy An alloy is a mixture of chemical elements of which at least one is a metal. Unlike chemical compounds with metallic bases, an alloy will retain all the properties of a metal in the resulting material, such as electrical conductivity, ductili ...

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ALOHAnet ALOHAnet, also known as the ALOHA System, or simply ALOHA, was a pioneering computer networking system developed at the University of Hawaii. ALOHAnet became operational in June 1971, providing the first public demonstration of a wireless packe ...

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Alpha–beta transformation In electrical engineering, the alpha-beta (\alpha\beta\gamma) transformation (also known as the Clarke transformation) is a mathematical transformation employed to simplify the analysis of three-phase circuits. Conceptually it is similar to the ...

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Altair 8800 The Altair 8800 is a microcomputer designed in 1974 by MITS and based on the Intel 8080 CPU. Interest grew quickly after it was featured on the cover of the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics and was sold by mail order through advertiseme ...

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Alternating current Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in whic ...

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Alternator (auto) An alternator is a type of electric generator used in modern automobiles to charge the battery and to power the electrical system when its engine is running. Until the 1960s, automobiles used DC dynamo generators with commutators. As silicon-d ...

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Alternator An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature.Gor ...

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Altitude Altitude or height (also sometimes known as depth) is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context ...

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Aluminium smelting Aluminium smelting is the process of extracting aluminium from its oxide, alumina, generally by the Hall-Héroult process. Alumina is extracted from the ore bauxite by means of the Bayer process at an alumina refinery. This is an electrolyti ...

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Ammeter An ammeter (abbreviation of ''Ampere meter'') is an instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A), hence the name. For direct measurement, the ammeter is connected in series with the circuit ...

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Amorphous metal transformer An amorphous metal transformer (AMT) is a type of energy efficient transformer found on electric grids. The magnetic core of this transformer is made with a ferromagnetic amorphous metal. The typical material (Metglas) is an alloy of iron with boro ...

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Ampacity Ampacity is a portmanteau for ''ampere capacity'' defined by National Electrical Codes, in some North American countries. Ampacity is defined as the maximum current, in amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use ...

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Ampere The ampere (, ; symbol: A), often shortened to amp,SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units. is the unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI). One ampere is equal to elect ...

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Ampère's force law In magnetostatics, the force of attraction or repulsion between two current-carrying wires (see first figure below) is often called Ampère's force law. The physical origin of this force is that each wire generates a magnetic field, followin ...

– * Ampère's law – *

Amplidyne An amplidyne is an obsolete electromechanical amplifier invented prior to World War II by Ernst Alexanderson. It consists of an electric motor driving a DC generator. The signal to be amplified is applied to the generator's field winding, and ...

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Amplifier An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the magnitude of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current). It may increase the power significantly, or its main effect may be to boost t ...

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Amplitude modulation Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting messages with a radio wave. In amplitude modulation, the amplitude (signal strength) of the wave is varied in proportion to ...

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Analog circuit Analogue electronics ( en-US, analog electronics) are electronic systems with a continuously variable signal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two levels. The term "analogue" describes the proportional relat ...

– * Analog filter – * Analog signal processing – *

Analog signal An analog signal or analogue signal (see spelling differences) is any continuous signal representing some other quantity, i.e., ''analogous'' to another quantity. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous signal voltage varies ...

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Analog-to-digital converter In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal. An ADC may also provide ...

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Annealing (metallurgy) In metallurgy and materials science, annealing is a heat treatment that alters the physical and sometimes chemical properties of a material to increase its ductility and reduce its hardness, making it more workable. It involves heating a mater ...

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Anode An anode is an electrode of a polarized electrical device through which conventional current enters the device. This contrasts with a cathode, an electrode of the device through which conventional current leaves the device. A common mnemonic is ...

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Antenna (radio) In radio engineering, an antenna or aerial is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an ...

– * Apollo program – * Apparent power – *

Apple Computer Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, United States. Apple is the largest technology company by revenue (totaling in 2021) and, as of June 2022, is the world's biggest company ...

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Arc converter The arc converter, sometimes called the arc transmitter, or Poulsen arc after Danish engineer Valdemar Poulsen who invented it in 1903, was a variety of spark transmitter used in early wireless telegraphy. The arc converter used an electric arc ...

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Arc lamp An arc lamp or arc light is a lamp that produces light by an electric arc (also called a voltaic arc). The carbon arc light, which consists of an arc between carbon electrodes in air, invented by Humphry Davy in the first decade of the 1800s, ...

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Arc welder Arc welding is a welding process that is used to join metal to metal by using electricity to create enough heat to melt metal, and the melted metals, when cool, result in a binding of the metals. It is a type of welding that uses a welding power ...

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Argon Argon is a chemical element with the symbol Ar and atomic number 18. It is in group 18 of the periodic table and is a noble gas. Argon is the third-most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). It is more than twice a ...

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Arithmetic mean In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean ( ) or arithmetic average, or just the '' mean'' or the ''average'' (when the context is clear), is the sum of a collection of numbers divided by the count of numbers in the collection. The co ...

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Armature (electrical engineering) In electrical engineering, the armature is the winding (or set of windings) of an electric machine which carries alternating current. The armature windings conduct AC even on DC machines, due to the commutator action (which periodically revers ...

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Artificial heart An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to heart transplantation, or to permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, exper ...

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Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech ...

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Artificial neural networks Artificial neural networks (ANNs), usually simply called neural networks (NNs) or neural nets, are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute animal brains. An ANN is based on a collection of connected units ...

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Artificial pacemaker An artificial cardiac pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as not to be confused with the natural cardiac pacemaker) or pacemaker is a medical device that generates electrical impulses delivered by electrodes to the chambers of the heart eit ...

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ASTM ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, an ...

– * Asymptotic stability – *

Asynchronous circuit Asynchronous circuit (clockless or self-timed circuit) is a sequential digital logic circuit that does not use a global clock circuit or signal generator to synchronize its components. Instead, the components are driven by a handshaking circui ...

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Audio and video connector Audio connectors and video connectors are electrical or optical connectors for carrying audio or video signals. Audio interfaces or video interfaces define physical parameters and interpretation of signals. For digital audio and digital video ...

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Audio equipment Audio equipment refers to devices that reproduce, record, or process sound. This includes microphones, radio receivers, AV receivers, CD players, tape recorders, amplifiers, mixing consoles, effects units, headphones, and speakers. Audio ...

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Audio filter An audio filter is a frequency dependent circuit, working in the audio frequency range, 0 Hz to 20 kHz. Audio filters can amplify (boost), pass or attenuate (cut) some frequency ranges. Many types of filters exist for different audio a ...

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Audio frequency An audio frequency or audible frequency (AF) is a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to the average human. The SI unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz). It is the property of sound that most determines pitch. The generally accepted ...

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Audio signal processing Audio signal processing is a subfield of signal processing that is concerned with the electronic manipulation of audio signals. Audio signals are electronic representations of sound waves— longitudinal waves which travel through air, consist ...

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Audion tube The Audion was an electronic detecting or amplifying vacuum tube invented by American electrical engineer Lee de Forest in 1906.De Forest patented a number of variations of his detector tubes starting in 1906. The patent that most clearly cover ...

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Austin transformer An Austin ring transformer is a special type of isolation transformer with low capacitance and high isolation between the primary and secondary. It is formed of two interlocking rings: one with the transformer core and primary windings, much like ...

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Automatic gain control Automatic gain control (AGC) is a closed-loop feedback regulating circuit in an amplifier or chain of amplifiers, the purpose of which is to maintain a suitable signal amplitude at its output, despite variation of the signal amplitude at the inpu ...

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Automatic transfer switch A transfer switch is an electrical switch that switches a load between two sources. Some transfer switches are manual, in that an operator effects the transfer by throwing a switch, while others are automatic and trigger when they sense one of t ...

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Automation Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, namely by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machines ...

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Availability factor The availability factor of a power plant is the amount of time that it is able to produce electricity over a certain period, divided by the amount of the time in the period. Occasions where only partial capacity is available may or may not be deduc ...

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Avalanche diode In electronics, an avalanche diode is a diode (made from silicon or other semiconductor) that is designed to experience avalanche breakdown at a specified reverse bias voltage. The junction of an avalanche diode is designed to prevent current ...

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Average rectified value In electrical engineering, the average rectified value (ARV) of a quantity is the average of its absolute value. The average of a symmetric alternating value is zero and it is therefore not useful to characterize it. Thus the easiest way to determ ...

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B

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Balanced line In telecommunications and professional audio, a balanced line or balanced signal pair is a circuit consisting of two conductors of the same type, both of which have equal electrical impedance, impedances along their lengths and equal impedances to ...

– * Ball bearing motor – * Balun – *

Band-pass filter A band-pass filter or bandpass filter (BPF) is a device that passes frequencies within a certain range and rejects (attenuates) frequencies outside that range. Description In electronics and signal processing, a filter is usually a two-port ...

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Band-stop filter In signal processing, a band-stop filter or band-rejection filter is a filter that passes most frequencies unaltered, but attenuates those in a specific range to very low levels. It is the opposite of a band-pass filter. A notch filter is a ...

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Bandwidth (signal processing) Bandwidth is the difference between the upper and lower frequencies in a continuous band of frequencies. It is typically measured in hertz, and depending on context, may specifically refer to '' passband bandwidth'' or ''baseband bandwidth'' ...

– * Bang–bang control – * Barlow's wheel – * Bartlett's bisection theorem – * Base-load power plant – *

Battery (electricity) An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its nega ...

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Bayer filter A Bayer filter mosaic is a color filter array (CFA) for arranging RGB color filters on a square grid of photosensors. Its particular arrangement of color filters is used in most single-chip digital image sensors used in digital cameras, cam ...

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Beam tetrode A beam tetrode, sometimes called a beam power tube, is a type of vacuum tube or thermionic valve that has two grids and forms the electron stream from the cathode into multiple partially collimated beams to produce a low potential space cha ...

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Beat frequency In acoustics, a beat is an interference pattern between two sounds of slightly different frequencies, ''perceived'' as a periodic variation in volume whose rate is the difference of the two frequencies. With tuning instruments that can produce ...

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Beckman Instruments Beckman Coulter Inc. is a Danaher Corporation company that develops, manufactures, and markets products that simplify, automate and innovate complex biomedical testing. It operates in two industries: Diagnostics and Life Sciences. For more than ...

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Bell Telephone Laboratories Nokia Bell Labs, originally named Bell Telephone Laboratories (1925–1984), then AT&T Bell Laboratories (1984–1996) and Bell Labs Innovations (1996–2007), is an American industrial research and scientific development company owned by mult ...

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Biasing In electronics, biasing is the setting of DC (direct current) operating conditions (current and voltage) of an active device in an amplifier. Many electronic devices, such as diodes, transistors and vacuum tubes, whose function is processing ...

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Bilinear transform The bilinear transform (also known as Tustin's method, after Arnold Tustin) is used in digital signal processing and discrete-time control theory to transform continuous-time system representations to discrete-time and vice versa. The bilinear t ...

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Bimetallic strip A bimetallic strip is used to convert a temperature change into mechanical displacement. The strip consists of two strips of different metals which expand at different rates as they are heated. The different expansions force the flat strip to be ...

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Biofuel Biofuel is a fuel that is produced over a short time span from biomass, rather than by the very slow natural processes involved in the formation of fossil fuels, such as oil. According to the United States Energy Information Administration ...

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Biomass Biomass is plant-based material used as a fuel for heat or electricity production. It can be in the form of wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues, and waste from industry, farms, and households. Some people use the terms bio ...

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Biomedical engineering Biomedical engineering (BME) or medical engineering is the application of engineering principles and design concepts to medicine and biology for healthcare purposes (e.g., diagnostic or therapeutic). BME is also traditionally logical sciences ...

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Bipolar junction transistor A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers. In contrast, a unipolar transistor, such as a field-effect transistor, uses only one kind of charge carrier. A bipola ...

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Bipolar transistor A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers. In contrast, a unipolar transistor, such as a field-effect transistor, uses only one kind of charge carrier. A bipolar t ...

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Blocked rotor test A blocked rotor test is conducted on an induction motor. It is also known as short-circuit test (because it is the mechanical analogy of a transformer short-circuit test), locked rotor test or stalled torque test. From this test, short-circuit cur ...

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Blu-ray Disc The Blu-ray Disc (BD), often known simply as Blu-ray, is a digital optical disc data storage format. It was invented and developed in 2005 and released on June 20, 2006 worldwide. It is designed to supersede the DVD format, and capable of sto ...

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Boolean algebra (logic) In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variables are the truth values ''true'' and ''false'', usually denoted 1 and 0, whereas in ...

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Boolean algebra (structure) In abstract algebra, a Boolean algebra or Boolean lattice is a complemented distributive lattice. This type of algebraic structure captures essential properties of both set operations and logic operations. A Boolean algebra can be seen as a ge ...

– * Boost converter – * Booster (electric power) – * Bound charge – * Braking chopper – *

Branch circuit Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and associated devices such as switches, distribution boards, sockets, and light fittings in a structure. Wiring is subject to safety standards for design and installation. Allowable ...

– * Breakdown voltage – * Bridge rectifier – *

Broadcasting Broadcasting is the distribution of audio or video content to a dispersed audience via any electronic mass communications medium, but typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), in a one-to-many model. Broadcasting began wi ...

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Brown, Boveri & Cie Brown, Boveri & Cie. (Brown, Boveri & Company; BBC) was a Swiss group of electrical engineering companies. It was founded in Zürich, in 1891 by Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown and Walter Boveri who worked at the Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon. In 19 ...

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Brush (electric) A brush or carbon brush is an electrical contact which conducts current between stationary wires and moving parts, most commonly in a rotating shaft. Typical applications include electric motors, alternators and electric generators. The lifesp ...

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Brushless DC electric motor A brushless DC electric motor (BLDC motor or BL motor), also known as an electronically commutated motor (ECM or EC motor) or synchronous DC motor, is a synchronous motor using a direct current (DC) electric power supply. It uses an electron ...

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Buchholz relay In electric power distribution and transmission, a Buchholz relay is a safety device mounted on some oil-filled power transformers and reactors, equipped with an external overhead oil reservoir called a "conservator". The Buchholz relay is use ...

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Buck converter A buck converter (step-down converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load). It is a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS) typically containing at ...

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Buck–boost converter The buck–boost converter is a type of DC-to-DC converter that has an output voltage magnitude that is either greater than or less than the input voltage magnitude. It is equivalent to a flyback converter using a single inductor instead of a t ...

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Building codes A building code (also building control or building regulations) is a set of rules that specify the standards for constructed objects such as buildings and non-building structures. Buildings must conform to the code to obtain planning permiss ...

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Bulb In botany, a bulb is structurally a short stem with fleshy leaves or leaf basesBell, A.D. 1997. ''Plant form: an illustrated guide to flowering plant morphology''. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K. that function as food storage organs dur ...

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Bunker Ramo Corporation Bunker Ramo Corporation, often shortened to Bunker Ramo, was an American electronics company based in Trumbull, Connecticut. It was founded by George M. Bunker and Simon Ramo in 1964, jointly owned by Martin-Marietta and Thompson Ramo Wooldridge ( ...

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Busbar In electric power distribution, a busbar (also bus bar) is a metallic strip or bar, typically housed inside switchgear, panel boards, and busway enclosures for local high current power distribution. They are also used to connect high volt ...

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Butterworth filter The Butterworth filter is a type of signal processing filter designed to have a frequency response that is as flat as possible in the passband. It is also referred to as a maximally flat magnitude filter. It was first described in 1930 by the ...

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Buzzer A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (''piezo'' for short). Typical uses of buzzers and beepers include alarm devices, timers, train and confirmation of user input such ...

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C

* Cable – *

Cadmium Cadmium is a chemical element with the Symbol (chemistry), symbol Cd and atomic number 48. This soft, silvery-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12 element, group 12, zinc and mercury (element), mercury. Li ...

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Calculus Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", is the mathematics, mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape, and algebra is the study of generalizati ...

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Canadian electrical code The Canadian Electrical Code, CE Code, or CSA C22.1 is a standard published by the Canadian Standards Association pertaining to the installation and maintenance of electrical equipment in Canada. The first edition of the Canadian Electrical Code ...

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Capacitance Capacitance is the capability of a material object or device to store electric charge. It is measured by the change in charge in response to a difference in electric potential, expressed as the ratio of those quantities. Commonly recognized are ...

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Capacitor voltage transformer Voltage transformers (VT), also called potential transformers (PT), are a parallel-connected type of instrument transformer. They are designed to present a negligible load to the supply being measured and have an accurate voltage ratio and phase r ...

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Capacitor A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field by virtue of accumulating electric charges on two close surfaces insulated from each other. It is a passive electronic component with two terminals. The effect of ...

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Capacitors A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field by virtue of accumulating electric charges on two close surfaces insulated from each other. It is a passive electronic component with two terminals. The effect of a ...

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Capacity factor The net capacity factor is the unitless ratio of actual electrical energy output over a given period of time to the theoretical maximum electrical energy output over that period. The theoretical maximum energy output of a given installation is def ...

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Carbon offset A carbon offset is a reduction or removal of emissions of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases made in order to compensate for emissions made elsewhere. Offsets are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e). One ton of carb ...

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Carrier wave In telecommunications, a carrier wave, carrier signal, or just carrier, is a waveform (usually sinusoidal) that is modulated (modified) with an information-bearing signal for the purpose of conveying information. This carrier wave usually has ...

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Category 3 cable Category 3 cable, commonly known as or station wire, and less commonly known as VG or voice-grade (as, for example, in 100BaseVG), is an unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable used in telephone wiring. It is part of a family of standards defin ...

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Category 6 cable Category 6 cable (Cat 6) is a standardized twisted pair cable for Ethernet and other network physical layers that is backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards. Cat 6 must meet more stringent ...

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Catenary In physics and geometry, a catenary (, ) is the curve that an idealized hanging chain or cable assumes under its own weight when supported only at its ends in a uniform gravitational field. The catenary curve has a U-like shape, superfici ...

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Cathode-ray tube A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, which emit electron beams that are manipulated to display images on a Phosphorescence, phosphorescent screen. The images may represent electrical waveforms (osci ...

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Cathode A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device. This definition can be recalled by using the mnemonic ''CCD'' for ''Cathode Current Departs''. A conventional current describes the direction in whi ...

– * Cat's-whisker detector – * CATV – *

Cavity magnetron The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and currently in microwave ovens and linear particle accelerators. It generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field whi ...

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magnetron The cavity magnetron is a high-power vacuum tube used in early radar systems and currently in microwave ovens and linear particle accelerators. It generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while ...

– * CCFL inverter – * CD – *

Cegelec Cegelec is a French engineering company specialized in electrical infrastructure, HVAC, information technology, nuclear energy development, transport infrastructure, robotics and offering both public and private services. Cegelec was officiall ...

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Cell energy Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidised in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor such as oxygen to produce large amounts of energy, to drive the bulk production of ATP. Cellular respiration may be des ...

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Center tap In electronics, a center tap (CT) is a contact made to a point halfway along a winding of a transformer or inductor, or along the element of a resistor or a potentiometer. Taps are sometimes used on inductors for the coupling of signals, and ...

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Ceramic resonator A Ceramic Resonator is an electronic component consisting of a piece of a piezoelectric ceramic material with two or more metal electrodes attached. When connected in an electronic oscillator circuit, resonant mechanical vibrations in the device g ...

– * Charactron – * Charge pump – * Charge transfer switch – *

Charge-coupled device A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a ...

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Chebyshev filter Chebyshev filters are analog or digital filters that have a steeper roll-off than Butterworth filters, and have either passband ripple (type I) or stopband ripple (type II). Chebyshev filters have the property that they minimize the error betwee ...

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Chemistry Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the elements that make up matter to the compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, proper ...

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Choke (electronics) In electronics, a choke is an inductor used to block higher-frequency alternating currents while passing direct current (DC) and lower-frequencies alternating current (AC) in an electrical circuit. A choke usually consists of a coil of insulated ...

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Circle diagram First conceived by A.heyland in 1894 and B.A. Behrend in 1895, the circle diagram is the graphical representation of the performance of the electrical machine drawn in terms of the locus of the machine's input voltage and current. The circle di ...

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Circuit breaker panel A distribution board (also known as panelboard, breaker panel, electric panel, DB board or DB box) is a component of an electricity supply system that divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits while providing a protective fuse ...

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Circuit breaker A circuit breaker is an electrical safety device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by an overcurrent or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow to protect equipment and to prevent the ris ...

– * Circuit theory – * Circuit Total Limitation (CTL) – *

Clamp meter In electrical and electronic engineering, a current clamp, also known as current probe, is an electrical device with jaws which open to allow clamping around an electrical conductor. This allows measurement of the current in a conductor without t ...

– * Clapp oscillator – * Class of accuracy in electrical measurements – *

Closed-loop controller Control theory is a field of mathematics that deals with the control of dynamical systems in engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the application of system inputs to drive the system to a ...

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Coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when ...

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Coaxial cable Coaxial cable, or coax (pronounced ) is a type of electrical cable consisting of an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric conducting shield, with the two separated by a dielectric ( insulating material); many coaxial cables also have a p ...

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Cochlear implant A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted neuroprosthesis that provides a person who has moderate-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss with sound perception. With the help of therapy, cochlear implants may allow for improved speech unde ...

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Cockcroft–Walton generator The Cockcroft–Walton (CW) generator, or multiplier, is an electric circuit that generates a high DC voltage from a low-voltage AC or pulsing DC input. It was named after the British and Irish physicists John Douglas Cockcroft and Ernest ...

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Cogeneration Cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP) is the use of a heat engine or power station to generate electricity and useful heat at the same time. Cogeneration is a more efficient use of fuel or heat, because otherwise- wasted heat from elec ...

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Cold cathode A cold cathode is a cathode that is not electrically heated by a filament.A negatively charged electrode emits electrons or is the positively charged terminal. For more, see field emission. A cathode may be considered "cold" if it emits more el ...

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Cold work Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere. In common usage, cold is often a subjective perception. A lower bound to temperature is absolute zero, defined as 0.00K on the Kelvin scale, an absolute thermodynamic ...

– * Colossus (computer) – *

Combined cycle A combined cycle power plant is an assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat, converting it into mechanical energy. On land, when used to make electricity the most common type is called a combined cycle gas tur ...

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Commercial off-the-shelf Commercial off-the-shelf or commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) products are packaged or canned (ready-made) hardware or software, which are adapted aftermarket to the needs of the purchasing organization, rather than the commissioning of ...

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Communication channel A communication channel refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel in telecommunications and computer networking. A channel is used for informa ...

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Communication system A communications system or communication system is a collection of individual telecommunications networks, transmission systems, relay stations, tributary stations, and terminal equipment usually capable of interconnection and interoperat ...

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Communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth ...

– * Communications server – * Commutation cell – *

Commutator (electric) A commutator is a rotary electrical switch in certain types of electric motors and electrical generators that periodically reverses the current direction between the rotor and the external circuit. It consists of a cylinder composed of multipl ...

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Compact fluorescent lamp A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL), also called compact fluorescent light, energy-saving light and compact fluorescent tube, is a fluorescent lamp designed to replace an incandescent light bulb; some types fit into light fixtures designed for inca ...

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Compactron Compactrons are a type of thermionic valve, or vacuum tube, which contain multiple electrode structures packed into a single enclosure. They were designed to compete with early transistor electronics and were used in televisions, radios, and simil ...

– * Compensation winding – *

Complex conjugate In mathematics, the complex conjugate of a complex number is the number with an equal real part and an imaginary part equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. That is, (if a and b are real, then) the complex conjugate of a + bi is equal to a - ...

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Complex number In mathematics, a complex number is an element of a number system that extends the real numbers with a specific element denoted , called the imaginary unit and satisfying the equation i^= -1; every complex number can be expressed in the fo ...

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Complex systems A complex system is a system composed of many components which may interact with each other. Examples of complex systems are Earth's global climate, organisms, the human brain, infrastructure such as power grid, transportation or communication sy ...

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Computational biology Computational biology refers to the use of data analysis, mathematical modeling and Computer simulation, computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and big data, the ...

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Computational Intelligence The expression computational intelligence (CI) usually refers to the ability of a computer to learn a specific task from data or experimental observation. Even though it is commonly considered a synonym of soft computing, there is still no c ...

– * Computed tomography – *

Computer engineering Computer engineering (CoE or CpE) is a branch of electrical engineering and computer science that integrates several fields of computer science and electronic engineering required to develop computer hardware and software. Computer engineers n ...

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Computer hardware Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the case, central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard. ...

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Computer literacy Computer literacy is defined as the knowledge and ability to use computers and related technology efficiently, with skill levels ranging from elementary use to computer programming and advanced problem solving. Computer literacy can also refer ...

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Computer programming Computer programming is the process of performing a particular computation (or more generally, accomplishing a specific computing result), usually by designing and building an executable computer program. Programming involves tasks such as anal ...

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Computer science Computer science is the study of computation, automation, and information. Computer science spans theoretical disciplines (such as algorithms, theory of computation, information theory, and automation) to Applied science, practical discipli ...

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Computer system A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations ( computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These prog ...

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Computer A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations ( computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These prog ...

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Computer-aided design Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers (or ) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. This software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve co ...

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Computers A computer is a machine that can be programmed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation) automatically. Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic sets of operations known as programs. These prog ...

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Concentric In geometry, two or more objects are said to be concentric, coaxal, or coaxial when they share the same center or axis. Circles, regular polygons and regular polyhedra, and spheres may be concentric to one another (sharing the same center p ...

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Conduction band In solid-state physics, the valence band and conduction band are the bands closest to the Fermi level, and thus determine the electrical conductivity of the solid. In nonmetals, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies in ...

– * Constant k filter – *

Constitutive equation In physics and engineering, a constitutive equation or constitutive relation is a relation between two physical quantities (especially kinetic quantities as related to kinematic quantities) that is specific to a material or substance, and ap ...

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Consumer electronics Consumer electronics or home electronics are electronic ( analog or digital) equipment intended for everyday use, typically in private homes. Consumer electronics include devices used for entertainment, communications and recreation. Usuall ...

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Contactor :''In semiconductor testing, contactors can also be referred to as the specialized socket that connects the device under test.'' :''In process industries, a contactor is a vessel where two streams interact, for example, air and liquid. See Gas ...

– * Continuous Fourier transform – * Continuous signal – *

Control engineering Control engineering or control systems engineering is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with desired behaviors in control environments. The discipline of controls o ...

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Control systems A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial c ...

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Control theory Control theory is a field of mathematics that deals with the control system, control of dynamical systems in engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the application of system inputs to drive ...

– * Controllability – *

Controller (control theory) Control theory is a field of mathematics that deals with the control of dynamical systems in engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the application of system inputs to drive the system to a ...

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Cooling tower A cooling tower is a device that rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of a coolant stream, usually a water stream to a lower temperature. Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat an ...

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Copper cable certification In copper twisted pair wire networks, copper cable certification is achieved through a thorough series of tests in accordance with Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) or International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. T ...

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Copper loss Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-or ...

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Copper(I) oxide Copper(I) oxide or cuprous oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Cu2O. It is one of the principal oxides of copper, the other being or copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide (CuO). This red-coloured solid is a component of some antifoulin ...

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Copper Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pink ...

– * Copper-clad aluminum – * Copper-clad steel – *

Cornell University Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to tea ...

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Corona ring A corona ring, more correctly referred to as an anti-corona ring, is a toroid of conductive material, usually metal, which is attached to a terminal or other irregular hardware piece of high voltage equipment. The purpose of the corona ring is t ...

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Corrosion Corrosion is a natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable oxide. It is the gradual deterioration of materials (usually a metal) by chemical or electrochemical reaction with their environment. Corrosion engi ...

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Coulomb The coulomb (symbol: C) is the unit of electric charge in the International System of Units (SI). In the present version of the SI it is equal to the electric charge delivered by a 1 ampere constant current in 1 second and to elementary char ...

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Coulomb's law Coulomb's inverse-square law, or simply Coulomb's law, is an experimental law of physics that quantifies the amount of force between two stationary, electrically charged particles. The electric force between charged bodies at rest is convention ...

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CPU A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, a ...

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Creep (deformation) In materials science, creep (sometimes called cold flow) is the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of persistent mechanical stresses. It can occur as a result of long-term exposure to high lev ...

– * Crest factor – *

Crossed-field amplifier A crossed-field amplifier (CFA) is a specialized vacuum tube, first introduced in the mid-1950s and frequently used as a microwave amplifier in very-high-power transmitters. Raytheon engineer William C. Brown's work to adapt magnetron principle ...

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Crosstalk In electronics, crosstalk is any phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel. Crosstalk is usually caused by undesired capacitive, i ...

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Cruise control Cruise control (also known as speed control, cruise command, autocruise, or tempomat) is a system that automatically controls the speed of a motor vehicle. The system is a servomechanism that takes over the throttle of the car to maintain a ...

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Crystal oscillator A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses a piezoelectric crystal as a frequency-selective element. The oscillator frequency is often used to keep track of time, as in quartz wristwatches, to provide a stable clock ...

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Ćuk converter The Ćuk converter (pronounced ''chook''; sometimes incorrectly spelled Cuk, Čuk or Cúk) is a type of buck-boost converter with low ripple current. A Ćuk converter can be seen as a combination of boost converter and buck converter, having on ...

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Current (electricity) An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is measured as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface or into a control volume. The moving p ...

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Current density In electromagnetism, current density is the amount of charge per unit time that flows through a unit area of a chosen cross section. The current density vector is defined as a vector whose magnitude is the electric current per cross-sectional a ...

– * Current division – * Current source inverter – * Current source – * Current transformer – *

Current-to-voltage converter In electronics, a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is a current to voltage converter, almost exclusively implemented with one or more operational amplifiers. The TIA can be used to amplify the current output of Geiger–Müller tubes, photo multip ...

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Cybernetics Cybernetics is a wide-ranging field concerned with circular causality, such as feedback, in regulatory and purposive systems. Cybernetics is named after an example of circular causal feedback, that of steering a ship, where the helmsperson ma ...

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Cyber-physical system A cyber-physical system (CPS) or intelligent system is a computer system in which a Mechanism (engineering), mechanism is controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms. In cyber-physical systems, physical and software components are deeply ...

– * Cycloconverter – *

Cylinder (geometry) A cylinder (from ) has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base. A cylinder may also be defined as an infi ...

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D

Damping ratio Damping is an influence within or upon an oscillator, oscillatory system that has the effect of reducing or preventing its oscillation. In physical systems, damping is produced by processes that dissipate the energy stored in the oscillation. E ...

– * Darlington transistor – * Darmstadt University of Technology – *

Data compression In information theory, data compression, source coding, or bit-rate reduction is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation. Any particular compression is either lossy or lossless. Lossless compressio ...

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Data networks A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources located on or provided by network nodes. The computers use common communication protocols over digital interconnections to communicate with each other. These interconnections are m ...

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DC injection braking DC injection braking is a method of slowing AC electric motors. Direct Current is injected into the winding of the AC motor after the AC voltage is disconnected, providing braking force to the rotor. Applications of DC injection braking When ...

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DC-to-DC converter A DC-to-DC converter is an electronic circuit or electromechanical device that converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another. It is a type of electric power converter. Power levels range from very low (small batteries) ...

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Decision tree A decision tree is a decision support tool that uses a tree-like model of decisions and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility. It is one way to display an algorithm that only contains con ...

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Deformation (mechanics) In physics, deformation is the continuum mechanics transformation of a body from a ''reference'' configuration to a ''current'' configuration. A configuration is a set containing the positions of all particles of the body. A deformation can ...

– * Delay line (disambiguation) – *

Delco Electronics Delco Electronics Corporation was the automotive electronics design and manufacturing subsidiary of General Motors based in Kokomo, Indiana, that manufactured ''Delco'' Automobile radios and other electric products found in GM cars. In 1972, Gene ...

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Delta-wye transformer A delta-wye transformer is a type of three-phase electric power transformer design that employs delta-connected windings on its primary and wye/star connected windings on its secondary. A neutral wire can be provided on wye output side. It ca ...

– * Demand factor – *

Demand response Demand response is a change in the power consumption of an electric utility customer to better match the demand for power with the supply. Until the 21st century decrease in the cost of pumped storage and batteries electric energy could not be ...

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Demodulation Demodulation is extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. A demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer program in a software-defined radio) that is used to recover the information content from the modulate ...

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Describing function In control systems theory, the describing function (DF) method, developed by Nikolay Mitrofanovich Krylov and Nikolay Bogoliubov in the 1930s, and extended by Ralph Kochenburger is an approximate procedure for analyzing certain nonlinear control ...

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Design A design is a plan or specification for the construction of an object or system or for the implementation of an activity or process or the result of that plan or specification in the form of a prototype, product, or process. The verb ''to design' ...

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Desktop computer A desktop computer (often abbreviated desktop) is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk due to its size and power requirements. The most common configuration has a case that houses the power supply ...

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Detector (radio) In radio, a detector is a device or circuit that extracts information from a modulated radio frequency current or voltage. The term dates from the first three decades of radio (1888-1918). Unlike modern radio stations which transmit sound (an audi ...

– * DIAC – *

Dielectric In electromagnetism, a dielectric (or dielectric medium) is an electrical insulator that can be polarised by an applied electric field. When a dielectric material is placed in an electric field, electric charges do not flow through the ma ...

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Differential (mathematics) In mathematics, differential refers to several related notions derived from the early days of calculus, put on a rigorous footing, such as infinitesimal differences and the derivatives of functions. The term is used in various branches of mathe ...

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Digital audio broadcasting Digital radio is the use of digital technology to transmit or receive across the radio spectrum. Digital transmission by radio waves includes digital broadcasting, and especially digital audio radio services. Types In digital broadcasting ...

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Digital circuit In theoretical computer science, a circuit is a model of computation in which input values proceed through a sequence of gates, each of which computes a function. Circuits of this kind provide a generalization of Boolean circuits and a mathemati ...

– * Digital computers – *

Digital control Digital control is a branch of control theory that uses digital computers to act as system controllers. Depending on the requirements, a digital control system can take the form of a microcontroller to an ASIC to a standard desktop computer. S ...

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Digital Equipment Corporation Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC ), using the trademark Digital, was a major American company in the computer industry from the 1960s to the 1990s. The company was co-founded by Ken Olsen and Harlan Anderson in 1957. Olsen was president un ...

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Digital filter In signal processing, a digital filter is a system that performs mathematical operations on a sampled, discrete-time signal to reduce or enhance certain aspects of that signal. This is in contrast to the other major type of electronic filter, t ...

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Digital image processing Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allo ...

– * Digital micromirror device – * Digital protective relay – *

Digital signal controller A digital signal controller (DSC) is a hybrid of microcontrollers and digital signal processors (DSPs). Like microcontrollers, DSCs have fast interrupt responses, offer control-oriented peripherals like PWMs and watchdog timers, and are usually ...

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Digital signal processing Digital signal processing (DSP) is the use of digital processing, such as by computers or more specialized digital signal processors, to perform a wide variety of signal processing operations. The digital signals processed in this manner are ...

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Digital television Digital television (DTV) is the transmission of television signals using digital encoding, in contrast to the earlier analog television technology which used analog signals. At the time of its development it was considered an innovative adva ...

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Digital-to-analog converter In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC, D/A, D2A, or D-to-A) is a system that converts a digital signal into an analog signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs the reverse function. There are several DAC archit ...

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Diode bridge A diode bridge is a bridge rectifier circuit of four diodes that is used in the process of converting alternating current (AC) from the input terminals to direct current (DC, i.e. fixed polarity) on the output terminals. Its function is to con ...

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Diode A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A diod ...

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Direct current Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or ev ...

– * Direct on line starter-- *

Direct torque control Direct torque control (DTC) is one method used in variable-frequency drives to control the torque (and thus finally the speed) of three-phase AC electric motors. This involves calculating an estimate of the motor's magnetic flux and torque b ...

– * Discrete cosine transform – *

Discrete Fourier transform In mathematics, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) converts a finite sequence of equally-spaced samples of a function into a same-length sequence of equally-spaced samples of the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), which is a comple ...

– * Discrete signal – *

Displacement current In electromagnetism, displacement current density is the quantity appearing in Maxwell's equations that is defined in terms of the rate of change of , the electric displacement field. Displacement current density has the same units as electric ...

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Display device A display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people). When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the ...

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Dissipation In thermodynamics, dissipation is the result of an irreversible process that takes place in homogeneous thermodynamic systems. In a dissipative process, energy ( internal, bulk flow kinetic, or system potential) transforms from an initial form to ...

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Dissolved gas analysis Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is an examination of electrical transformer oil contaminants. Insulating materials within electrical equipment liberate gases as they slowly break down over time. The composition and distribution of these dissolved gas ...

– * Distributed control system – * Distributed-element model – *

Distributed generation Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG), or district/decentralized energy, is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid-connected or distribution system-connected devices referred to ...

– * Distribution board – * Distribution transformer – *

Dolby Dolby Laboratories, Inc. (often shortened to Dolby Labs and known simply as Dolby) is an American company specializing in audio noise reduction, audio encoding/compression, spatial audio, and HDR imaging. Dolby licenses its technologies to ...

– * Dot convention – * Doubly fed electric machine – *

Downsampling In digital signal processing, downsampling, compression, and decimation are terms associated with the process of ''resampling'' in a multi-rate digital signal processing system. Both ''downsampling'' and ''decimation'' can be synonymous with ''com ...

– * Dqo transformation – *

Droop speed control Droop speed control is a control mode used for AC electrical power generators, whereby the power output of a generator reduces as the line frequency increases. It is commonly used as the speed control mode of the governor of a prime mover driving ...

– * Dual control theory – * Dual loop – *

Ductility Ductility is a mechanical property commonly described as a material's amenability to drawing (e.g. into wire). In materials science, ductility is defined by the degree to which a material can sustain plastic deformation under tensile str ...

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DVD player A DVD player is a device that plays DVDs produced under both the DVD-Video and DVD-Audio technical standards, two different and incompatible standards. Some DVD players will also play audio CDs. DVD players are connected to a television to ...

– * DVD – *

Dynamic braking Dynamic braking is the use of an electric traction motor as a generator when slowing a vehicle such as an electric or diesel-electric locomotive. It is termed " rheostatic" if the generated electrical power is dissipated as heat in brake grid ...

– * Dynamic demand (electric power) – *

Dynamic programming Dynamic programming is both a mathematical optimization method and a computer programming method. The method was developed by Richard Bellman in the 1950s and has found applications in numerous fields, from aerospace engineering to economics. ...

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Dynamic random-access memory Dynamic random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell, usually consisting of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically based on metal-ox ...

– * Dynamic system – *

Dynamo "Dynamo Electric Machine" (end view, partly section, ) A dynamo is an electrical generator that creates direct current using a commutator. Dynamos were the first electrical generators capable of delivering power for industry, and the foundati ...

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E

Earth-leakage circuit breaker An earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is a safety device used in electrical installations with high Earth impedance to prevent shock. It detects small stray voltages on the metal enclosures of electrical equipment, and interrupts the circui ...

– * Earth potential rise – *

Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's sur ...

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Earthing system An earthing system (UK and IEC) or grounding system (US) connects specific parts of an electric power system with the ground, typically the Earth's conductive surface, for safety and functional purposes. The choice of earthing system can affect ...

– * Ebers-Moll – *

Ecotax An environmental tax, ecotax (short for ecological taxation), or green tax is a tax levied on activities which are considered to be harmful to the environment and is intended to promote environmentally friendly activities via economic incentives. ...

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Eddy current Eddy currents (also called Foucault's currents) are loops of electrical current induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the conductor according to Faraday's law of induction or by the relative motion of a conductor in a magnet ...

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Edge detection Edge detection includes a variety of mathematical methods that aim at identifying edges, curves in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or, more formally, has discontinuities. The same problem of finding discontinuitie ...

– * Edison effect – * Edison Pioneer – *

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors In linear algebra, an eigenvector () or characteristic vector of a linear transformation is a nonzero vector that changes at most by a scalar factor when that linear transformation is applied to it. The corresponding eigenvalue, often denote ...

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Electret An electret (formed as a portmanteau of ''electr-'' from "electricity" and ''-et'' from "magnet") is a dielectric material that has a quasi-permanent electric charge or dipole polarization (electrostatics), polarisation. An electret generates int ...

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Electric arc An electric arc, or arc discharge, is an electrical breakdown of a gas that produces a prolonged electrical discharge. The current through a normally nonconductive medium such as air produces a plasma; the plasma may produce visible light. ...

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Electric charge Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes charged matter to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. Electric charge can be ''positive'' or ''negative'' (commonly carried by protons and electrons res ...

– * Electric circuit – *

Electric current An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is measured as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface or into a control volume. The movi ...

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Electric displacement field In physics, the electric displacement field (denoted by D) or electric induction is a vector field that appears in Maxwell's equations. It accounts for the effects of free and bound charge within materials. "D" stands for "displacement", as in ...

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Electric distribution systems Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmissio ...

– * Electric field gradient – *

Electric field An electric field (sometimes E-field) is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles and exerts force on all other charged particles in the field, either attracting or repelling them. It also refers to the physical field ...

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Electric generator In electricity generation, a generator is a device that converts motive power ( mechanical energy) or fuel-based power (chemical energy) into electric power for use in an external circuit. Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, g ...

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Electric motor An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate f ...

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Electric multiple unit An electric multiple unit or EMU is a multiple-unit train consisting of self-propelled carriages using electricity as the motive power. An EMU requires no separate locomotive, as electric traction motors are incorporated within one or a number ...

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Electric potential The electric potential (also called the ''electric field potential'', potential drop, the electrostatic potential) is defined as the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to the specific point in ...

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Electric power conversion In all fields of electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. A power converter is an electrical or electro-mechanical device for converting electrical energy. A power converter ...

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Electric power distribution Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmissi ...

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Electric Power Research Institute EPRI, is an American independent, nonprofit organization that conducts research and development related to the generation, delivery, and use of electricity to help address challenges in the energy industry, including reliability, efficiency, aff ...

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Electric power transmission Electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site, such as a power plant, to an electrical substation. The interconnected lines that facilitate this movement form a ''transmission network''. This is d ...

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Electric power Electric power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt, one joule per second. Standard prefixes apply to watts as with other SI units: thousands, millions and billions ...

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Electric shock Electrical injury is a physiological reaction caused by electric current passing through the body. The injury depends on the density of the current, tissue resistance and duration of contact. Very small currents may be imperceptible or produce a ...

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Electrical circuit An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage source ...

– * Electrical code – *

Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity (also called specific electrical resistance or volume resistivity) is a fundamental property of a material that measures how strongly it resists electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows ...

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Electrical conductor In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions. Materials made of metal are common electrical conductors. Electric current is gene ...

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Electrical contact An electrical contact is an electrical circuit component found in electrical switches, relays, connectors and circuit breakers. Each contact is a piece of electrically conductive material, typically metal. When a pair of contacts touch, they c ...

– * Electrical discharge machining (EDM) – *

Electrical element Electrical elements are conceptual abstractions representing idealized electrical components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, used in the circuit analysis, analysis of electrical networks. All electrical networks can be analyzed as ...

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Electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...

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Electrical equipment Electric(al) devices are devices that functionally rely on electric energy ( AC or DC) to drive their core parts (electric motors, transformers, lighting, rechargeable batteries, control electronics). They can be contrasted with traditional m ...

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Electrical generator In electricity generation, a generator is a device that converts motive power ( mechanical energy) or fuel-based power ( chemical energy) into electric power for use in an external circuit. Sources of mechanical energy include steam turbines, ...

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Electrical grid An electrical grid is an interconnected network for electricity delivery from producers to consumers. Electrical grids vary in size and can cover whole countries or continents. It consists of:Kaplan, S. M. (2009). Smart Grid. Electrical Power ...

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Electrical impedance In electrical engineering, impedance is the opposition to alternating current presented by the combined effect of resistance and reactance in a circuit. Quantitatively, the impedance of a two-terminal circuit element is the ratio of the c ...

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Electrical insulation paper Electrical insulation papers are paper types that are used as electrical insulation in many applications due to pure cellulose having outstanding electrical properties. Cellulose is a good insulator and is also polar, having a dielectric constan ...

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Electrical insulation An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does not flow freely. The atoms of the insulator have tightly bound electrons which cannot readily move. Other materials—semiconductors and conductors—conduct electric current ...

– * Electrical load – *

Electrical machine In electrical engineering, electric machine is a general term for machines using electromagnetic forces, such as electric motors, electric generators, and others. They are electromechanical energy converters: an electric motor converts electricity ...

– * Electrical measurements – *

Electrical network An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage sources ...

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Electrical polarity An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is measured as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface or into a control volume. The moving pa ...

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Electrical power transmission Electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site, such as a power plant, to an electrical substation. The interconnected lines that facilitate this movement form a ''transmission network''. This is d ...

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Electrical resistance The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Its reciprocal quantity is , measuring the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual parallel ...

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Electrical steel Electrical steel (E-steel, lamination steel, silicon electrical steel, silicon steel, relay steel, transformer steel) is an iron alloy tailored to produce specific magnetic properties: small hysteresis area resulting in low power loss per cycle ...

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Electrical substation A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and ...

– * Electrical Technologist – * Electrical wiring in Hong Kong – * Electrical wiring in North America – * Electrical wiring in the United Kingdom – * Electrical wiring regulations – *

Electrical wiring Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and associated devices such as switches, distribution boards, sockets, and light fittings in a structure. Wiring is subject to safety standards for design and installation. Allowable ...

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Electricity distribution Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. Distribution substations connect to the transmission system and lower the transmissi ...

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Electricity generation Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy. For utilities in the electric power industry, it is the stage prior to its delivery ( transmission, distribution, etc.) to end users or its s ...

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Electricity meter North American domestic analog electricity meter. Electricity meter with transparent plastic case (Israel) North American domestic electronic electricity meter An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, energy meter, or kilowa ...

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Electricity pylon A transmission tower, also known as an electricity pylon or simply a pylon in British English and as a hydro tower in Canadian English, is a tall structure, usually a steel lattice tower, used to support an overhead power line. In electrical ...

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Electricity Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as describe ...

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Electrification Electrification is the process of powering by electricity and, in many contexts, the introduction of such power by changing over from an earlier power source. The broad meaning of the term, such as in the history of technology, economic histo ...

– * Electroactive polymers – * Electrocardiograph – * Electrochemical engineering – *

Electrodes An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or air). Electrodes are essential parts of batteries that can consist of a variety of materials dep ...

– * Electro-diesel locomotive – *

Electrodynamics In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge. It is the second-strongest of the four fundamental interactions, after the strong force, and it is the dominant force in the interactions o ...

– * Electrolytic – *

Electromagnet An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current. Electromagnets usually consist of wire wound into a coil. A current through the wire creates a magnetic field which is concentrated in ...

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Electromagnetic compatibility Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of electrical equipment and systems to function acceptably in their electromagnetic environment, by limiting the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy whic ...

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Electromagnetic field An electromagnetic field (also EM field or EMF) is a classical (i.e. non-quantum) field produced by (stationary or moving) electric charges. It is the field described by classical electrodynamics (a classical field theory) and is the classical ...

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Electromagnetic induction Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Cle ...

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Electromagnetic radiation In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) consists of waves of the electromagnetic (EM) field, which propagate through space and carry momentum and electromagnetic radiant energy. It includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, (visib ...

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Electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies. The electromagnetic spectrum covers electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging fro ...

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Electromagnetic wave equation The electromagnetic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium or in a vacuum. It is a three-dimensional form of the wave equation. The homogeneous fo ...

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Electromagnetism In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge. It is the second-strongest of the four fundamental interactions, after the strong force, and it is the dominant force in the interactions o ...

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Electromechanical In engineering, electromechanics combines processes and procedures drawn from electrical engineering and mechanical engineering. Electromechanics focuses on the interaction of electrical and mechanical systems as a whole and how the two systems ...

– * Electro-mechanical – *

Electromote The Electromote was the world's first vehicle run like a trolleybus, which was first presented to the public on April 29, 1882, by its inventor Dr. Ernst Werner von Siemens in Halensee, a suburb of Berlin, Germany. In 1847, Siemens told his bro ...

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Electromotive force In electromagnetism and electronics, electromotive force (also electromotance, abbreviated emf, denoted \mathcal or ) is an energy transfer to an electric circuit per unit of electric charge, measured in volts. Devices called electrical '' tran ...

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Electron microscope An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination. As the wavelength of an electron can be up to 100,000 times shorter than that of visible light photons, electron microscopes have a hi ...

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Electronic amplifier An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the magnitude of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current). It may increase the power significantly, or its main effect may be to boost th ...

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Electronic circuit An electronic circuit is composed of individual electronic components, such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and diodes, connected by conductive wires or traces through which electric current can flow. It is a type of electric ...

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Electronic component An electronic component is any basic discrete device or physical entity in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields. Electronic components are mostly industrial products, available in a singular form and are no ...

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Electronic Control Unit An electronic control unit (ECU), also known as an electronic control module (ECM), is an embedded system in automotive electronics that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a car or other motor vehicle. Modern vehic ...

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Electronic design automation Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is a category of software tools for designing electronic systems such as integrated circuits and printed circuit boards. The tools work togeth ...

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Electronic engineering Electronics engineering is a sub-discipline of electrical engineering which emerged in the early 20th century and is distinguished by the additional use of active components such as semiconductor devices to amplify and control electric current ...

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Electronic filter Electronic filters are a type of signal processing filter in the form of electrical circuits. This article covers those filters consisting of lumped electronic components, as opposed to distributed-element filters. That is, using components ...

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Electronic speed control An electronic speed control (ESC) is an electronic circuit that controls and regulates the speed of an electric motor. It may also provide reversing of the motor and dynamic braking. Miniature electronic speed controls are used in electrically p ...

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Electronics The field of electronics is a branch of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission, behaviour and effects of electrons using electronic devices. Electronics uses active devices to control electron flow by amplification ...

– * Electrophorus – *

Electrostatic motor An electrostatic motor or capacitor motor is a type of electric motor based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge. An alternative type of electrostatic motor is the spacecraft electrostatic ion drive thruster where forces and motion ...

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Electrostatics Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies electric charges at rest ( static electricity). Since classical times, it has been known that some materials, such as amber, attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word for a ...

– * Embedded operating system – *

Embedded software Embedded software is computer software, written to control machines or devices that are not typically thought of as computers, commonly known as embedded systems. It is typically specialized for the particular hardware that it runs on and has tim ...

– *

Embedded system An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system. It is ''embedded ...

– * Enameled wire – *

Energy demand management Energy demand management, also known as demand-side management (DSM) or demand-side response (DSR), is the modification of consumer demand for energy through various methods such as financial incentives and behavioral change through education. Us ...

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Energy economics Energy economics is a broad scientific subject area which includes topics related to supply and use of energy in societies. Considering the cost of energy services and associated value gives economic meaning to the efficiency at which energ ...

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Energy efficient transformer In a typical power distribution grid, electric transformer power loss typically contributes to about 40-50% of the total transmission and distribution loss. Energy efficient transformers are therefore an important means to reduce transmission and di ...

– * Energy returned on energy invested – *

Energy subsidies Energy subsidies are measures that keep prices for customers below market levels, or for suppliers above market levels, or reduce costs for customers and suppliers. Energy subsidies may be direct cash transfers to suppliers, customers, or rel ...

– * Engineering economics – *

Engineering education Engineering education is the activity of teaching knowledge and principles to the professional practice of engineering. It includes an initial education (bachelor's and/or master's degree), and any advanced education and specializations that ...

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Engineering ethics Engineering ethics is the field of system of moral principles that apply to the practice of engineering. The field examines and sets the obligations by engineers to society, to their clients, and to the profession. As a scholarly discipline, it is ...

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Engineering management Engineering management is the application of the practice of management to the practice of engineering. Engineering management is a career that brings together the technological problem-solving ability of engineering and the organizational, admini ...

– * Engineering society – *

Engineering Engineering is the use of scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and buildings. The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad range of more speciali ...

– * Engine-generator – *

ENIAC ENIAC (; Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer, completed in 1945. There were other computers that had these features, but the ENIAC had all of them in one pac ...

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Environmental engineering Environmental engineering is a professional engineering discipline that encompasses broad scientific topics like chemistry, biology, ecology, geology, hydraulics, hydrology, microbiology, and mathematics to create solutions that will protect and ...

– * Epstein frame – *

Equalization (audio) Equalization, or simply EQ, in sound recording and reproduction is the process of adjusting the volume of different frequency bands within an audio signal. The circuit or equipment used to achieve this is called an equalizer. Most hi-fi e ...

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Equalization (communications) In telecommunication, equalization is the reversal of distortion incurred by a signal transmitted through a channel. Equalizers are used to render the frequency response—for instance of a telephone line—''flat'' from end-to-end. When a channe ...

– * Equivalent circuit – * Equivalent impedance transforms – * Error correction and detection – *

Error correction In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communi ...

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Error detection In information theory and coding theory with applications in computer science and telecommunication, error detection and correction (EDAC) or error control are techniques that enable reliable delivery of digital data over unreliable communi ...

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Ethernet Ethernet () is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1 ...

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Ethical code Ethical codes are adopted by organizations to assist members in understanding the difference between right and wrong and in applying that understanding to their decisions. An ethical code generally implies documents at three levels: codes of b ...

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Euclidean geometry Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to ancient Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry: the '' Elements''. Euclid's approach consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms ...

– * Euler–Lagrange equation – *

Euler's formula Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function. Euler's formula states that ...

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Euler's identity In mathematics, Euler's identity (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality e^ + 1 = 0 where : is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms, : is the imaginary unit, which by definition satisfies , and : is pi, the ratio of the circ ...

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Exponential stability :''See Lyapunov stability, which gives a definition of asymptotic stability for more general dynamical systems. All exponentially stable systems are also asymptotically stable.'' In control theory, a continuous linear time-invariant system (LTI) ...

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Extended Kalman filter In estimation theory, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is the nonlinear version of the Kalman filter which linearizes about an estimate of the current mean and covariance. In the case of well defined transition models, the EKF has been considered t ...

– * External electric load –

F

Fairchild Semiconductor Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California. Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of int ...

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Farad The farad (symbol: F) is the unit of electrical capacitance, the ability of a body to store an electrical charge, in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after the English physicist Michael Faraday (1791–1867). In SI base unit ...

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Faraday shield A Faraday cage or Faraday shield is an enclosure used to block electromagnetic fields. A Faraday shield may be formed by a continuous covering of conductive material, or in the case of a Faraday cage, by a mesh of such materials. Faraday cage ...

– * Faraday–Lenz law – *

Faraday's law of induction Faraday's law of induction (briefly, Faraday's law) is a basic law of electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circuit to produce an electromotive force (emf)—a phenomenon known as electromagnetic in ...

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Fast Fourier transform A fast Fourier transform (FFT) is an algorithm that computes the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a sequence, or its inverse (IDFT). Fourier analysis converts a signal from its original domain (often time or space) to a representation in ...

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Fault (power engineering) In an electric power system, a fault or fault current is any abnormal electric current. For example, a short circuit is a fault in which a live wire touches a neutral or ground wire. An open-circuit fault occurs if a circuit is interrupted by a fa ...

– * Fax – * Feed forward (control) – *

Feedback amplifier A negative-feedback amplifier (or feedback amplifier) is an electronic amplifier that subtracts a fraction of its output from its input, so that negative feedback opposes the original signal. The applied negative feedback can improve its perform ...

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Feedback Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to ''feed back'' into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled ...

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Feed-in tariff A feed-in tariff (FIT, FiT, standard offer contract,Couture, T., Cory, K., Kreycik, C., Williams, E., (2010)Policymaker's Guide to Feed-in Tariff Policy Design National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Dept. of Energy advanced renewable tariff, ...

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Ferranti Ferranti or Ferranti International plc was a UK electrical engineering and equipment firm that operated for over a century from 1885 until it went bankrupt in 1993. The company was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The firm was known ...

– * Ferrite core – *

Ferroelectricity Ferroelectricity is a characteristic of certain materials that have a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by the application of an external electric field. All ferroelectrics are also piezoelectric and pyroelectric, with the a ...

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Fiber optic cable A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with ...

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Fiber optic An optical fiber, or optical fibre in Commonwealth English, is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means t ...

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Field-effect transistor The field-effect transistor (FET) is a type of transistor that uses an electric field to control the flow of current in a semiconductor. FETs (JFETs or MOSFETs) are devices with three terminals: ''source'', ''gate'', and ''drain''. FETs co ...

– * Field-oriented control – * Fields of engineering – *

Filter (signal processing) In signal processing, a filter is a device or process that removes some unwanted components or features from a signal. Filtering is a class of signal processing, the defining feature of filters being the complete or partial suppression of some asp ...

– * Filter capacitor – *

Finite impulse response In signal processing, a finite impulse response (FIR) filter is a filter whose impulse response (or response to any finite length input) is of ''finite'' duration, because it settles to zero in finite time. This is in contrast to infinite impulse ...

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Firmware In computing, firmware is a specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for a device's specific hardware. Firmware, such as the BIOS of a personal computer, may contain basic functions of a device, and may provide h ...

– * First principles – * Fleming valve – * Fleming's left-hand rule for motors – *

Flight instruments Flight instruments are the instruments in the cockpit of an aircraft that provide the pilot with data about the flight situation of that aircraft, such as altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, heading and much more other crucial information in f ...

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Fluorescent lamp A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, which produces short-wave ultraviolet, ult ...

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Fluorinated ethylene propylene Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) is a copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene. It differs from the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resins in that it is melt-processable using conventional injection molding and screw extrusion t ...

– * Flux linkage – * Flyback converter – * Flyback transformer – *

Fokker–Planck equation In statistical mechanics, the Fokker–Planck equation is a partial differential equation that describes the time evolution of the probability density function of the velocity of a particle under the influence of drag forces and random forces, ...

– * Forward converter – *

Fossil-fuel phase-out Fossil fuel phase-out is the gradual reduction of the use and production of fossil fuels to zero. It is part of the ongoing renewable energy transition. Current efforts in fossil fuel phase-out involve replacing fossil fuels with sustaina ...

-- * Fossil-fuel power station-- *

Fourier series A Fourier series () is a summation of harmonically related sinusoidal functions, also known as components or harmonics. The result of the summation is a periodic function whose functional form is determined by the choices of cycle length (or '' ...

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Fourier transform A Fourier transform (FT) is a mathematical transform that decomposes functions into frequency components, which are represented by the output of the transform as a function of frequency. Most commonly functions of time or space are transformed ...

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FPGA A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturinghence the term '' field-programmable''. The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a hardware d ...

– * Free-space optical communications – *

Frequency changer A frequency changer or frequency converter is an electronic or electromechanical device that converts alternating current ( AC) of one frequency to alternating current of another frequency. The device may also change the voltage, but if it does, ...

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Frequency modulation Frequency modulation (FM) is the encoding of information in a carrier wave by varying the instantaneous frequency of the wave. The technology is used in telecommunications, radio broadcasting, signal processing, and computing. In analog ...

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Frequency response In signal processing and electronics, the frequency response of a system is the quantitative measure of the magnitude and phase of the output as a function of input frequency. The frequency response is widely used in the design and analysis of s ...

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Frequency Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. It is also occasionally referred to as ''temporal frequency'' for clarity, and is distinct from ''angular frequency''. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz) which is eq ...

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Full load current Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on. Alternating-current electric motors and transformers may draw several times their normal full-l ...

– * Full-wave rectifier – *

Fundamentals of Engineering exam The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam, also referred to as the Engineer in Training (EIT) exam, and formerly in some states as the Engineering Intern (EI) exam, is the first of two examinations that engineers must pass in order to be licensed ...

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Fuse (electrical) In electronics and electrical engineering, a fuse is an electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical circuit. Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows thr ...

– * Fuzzy control –

G

* Gain scheduling – *

Galvanic corrosion Galvanic corrosion (also called bimetallic corrosion or dissimilar metal corrosion) is an electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially when it is in electrical contact with another, in the presence of an electrolyte. A sim ...

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Galvanometer A galvanometer is an electromechanical measuring instrument for electric current. Early galvanometers were uncalibrated, but improved versions, called ammeters, were calibrated and could measure the flow of current more precisely. A galvan ...

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Gas-filled tube A gas-filled tube, also commonly known as a discharge tube or formerly as a Plücker tube, is an arrangement of electrodes in a gas within an insulating, temperature-resistant envelope. Gas-filled tubes exploit phenomena related to electric ...

– * Gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) – *

Gauss's law In physics and electromagnetism, Gauss's law, also known as Gauss's flux theorem, (or sometimes simply called Gauss's theorem) is a law relating the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field. In its integral form, it st ...

– * Gauss–Seidel method – *

General Electric Company plc The General Electric Company (GEC) was a major British industrial conglomerate involved in consumer and defence electronics, communications, and engineering. The company was founded in 1886, was Britain's largest private employer with over 25 ...

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General Electric General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate founded in 1892, and incorporated in New York state and headquartered in Boston. The company operated in sectors including healthcare, aviation, power, renewable ene ...

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General Radio Corporation General Radio Company (later, GenRad) was a broad-line manufacturer of electronic test equipment in Massachusetts, U.S. from 1915 to 2001. History On June 14, 1915, Melville Eastham and a small group of investors started General Radio Company ...

– * Generator (circuit theory) – *

Geographic information systems A geographic information system (GIS) is a type of database containing geographic data (that is, descriptions of phenomena for which location is relevant), combined with software tools for managing, analyzing, and visualizing those data. In a ...

– * Georgia School of Technology – *

Geoscience Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four sphe ...

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Geothermal power Geothermal power is electrical power generated from geothermal energy. Technologies in use include dry steam power stations, flash steam power stations and binary cycle power stations. Geothermal electricity generation is currently used in 2 ...

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Germanium Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white and similar in appearance to silicon. It is a metalloid in the carbon group that is chemically similar to its group neighbors ...

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Gigabit The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communications. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represented ...

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Global Positioning System The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Space Force. It is one of the global navigation satellite ...

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Gold Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile ...

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Governor (device) A governor, or speed limiter or controller, is a device used to measure and regulate the speed of a machine, such as an engine. A classic example is the centrifugal governor, also known as the Watt or fly-ball governor on a reciprocating ...

– * GPS – *

Gradient descent In mathematics, gradient descent (also often called steepest descent) is a first-order iterative optimization algorithm for finding a local minimum of a differentiable function. The idea is to take repeated steps in the opposite direction of the ...

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Grid energy storage Grid energy storage (also called large-scale energy storage) is a collection of methods used for energy storage on a large scale within an electrical power grid. Electrical energy is stored during times when electricity is plentiful and inex ...

– * Grid-tie inverter – *

Ground (electricity) In electrical engineering, ground or earth is a reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, a common return path for electric current, or a direct physical connection to the Earth. Electrical circuits may be co ...

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Ground and neutral Ground and neutral are circuit conductors used in alternating current electrical systems. The ground circuit is connected to earth, and neutral circuit is usually connected to ground. As the neutral point of an electrical supply system is often ...

– * Ground-level power supply – * Growler (electrical device) – *

GSM The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation ( 2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such ...

– * Gunn diode – * Gyrotron –

H

H infinity ''H''∞ (i.e. "''H''-infinity") methods are used in control theory to synthesize controllers to achieve stabilization with guaranteed performance. To use ''H''∞ methods, a control designer expresses the control problem as a mathematical optimiz ...

– * Hall-effect sensor – * Harmonic distortion – *

Harmonic oscillator In classical mechanics, a harmonic oscillator is a system that, when displaced from its equilibrium position, experiences a restoring force ''F'' proportional to the displacement ''x'': \vec F = -k \vec x, where ''k'' is a positive const ...

– *

Harmonic A harmonic is a wave with a frequency that is a positive integer multiple of the ''fundamental frequency'', the frequency of the original periodic signal, such as a sinusoidal wave. The original signal is also called the ''1st harmonic'', t ...

– * Harmonics (electrical power) – *

H-bridge A H-bridge is an electronic circuit that switches the polarity of a voltage applied to a load. These circuits are often used in robotics and other applications to allow DC motors to run forwards or backwards. The name is derived from its common sch ...

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HDTV High-definition television (HD or HDTV) describes a television system which provides a substantially higher image resolution than the previous generation of technologies. The term has been used since 1936; in more recent times, it refers to the g ...

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Headphone Headphones are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears. They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound. Headphones let a single user listen to an a ...

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Heat transfer Heat transfer is a discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the generation, use, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy ( heat) between physical systems. Heat transfer is classified into various mechanisms, such as thermal conducti ...

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Heatsink A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, ...

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Heaviside step function The Heaviside step function, or the unit step function, usually denoted by or (but sometimes , or ), is a step function, named after Oliver Heaviside (1850–1925), the value of which is zero for negative arguments and one for positive argum ...

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Henry (unit) The henry (symbol: H) is the unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI). If a current of 1 ampere flowing through a coil produces flux linkage of 1 weber turn, that coil has a self inductance of 1 henry.‌ The unit ...

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Hertz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose expression in terms of SI base units is s−1, meaning that o ...

– * Heterostructure – *

Hewlett-Packard The Hewlett-Packard Company, commonly shortened to Hewlett-Packard ( ) or HP, was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. HP developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components ...

– * Hi-Fi – * High-voltage cable – *

High voltage High voltage electricity refers to electrical potential large enough to cause injury or damage. In certain industries, ''high voltage'' refers to voltage above a certain threshold. Equipment and conductors that carry high voltage warrant sp ...

– *

High-pass filter A high-pass filter (HPF) is an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency higher than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency. The amount of attenuation for each frequency ...

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High-voltage direct current A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway) uses direct current (DC) for electric power transmission, in contrast with the more common alternating cur ...

– * High-voltage switchgear – *

Hilbert transform In mathematics and in signal processing, the Hilbert transform is a specific linear operator that takes a function, of a real variable and produces another function of a real variable . This linear operator is given by convolution with the functi ...

– * History of electrical engineering – *

Holography Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later re-constructed. Holography is best known as a method of generating real three-dimensional images, but it also has a wide range of other applications. In principle, i ...

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Home appliance A home appliance, also referred to as a domestic appliance, an electric appliance or a household appliance, is a machine which assists in household functions such as cooking, cleaning and food preservation. Appliances are divided into three ...

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Homopolar generator A homopolar generator is a DC electrical generator comprising an electrically conductive disc or cylinder rotating in a plane perpendicular to a uniform static magnetic field. A potential difference is created between the center of the disc and t ...

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Homopolar motor A homopolar motor is a direct current electric motor with two magnetic poles, the conductors of which always cut unidirectional lines of magnetic flux by rotating a conductor around a fixed axis so that the conductor is at right angles to a s ...

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Horsepower Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done, usually in reference to the output of engines or motors. There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions used today are t ...

– * Hot wire barretter – * Hradec substation – *

Hughes Aircraft The Hughes Aircraft Company was a major American aerospace and defense contractor founded on February 14, 1934 by Howard Hughes in Glendale, California, as a division of Hughes Tool Company. The company was known for producing, among other pro ...

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Humidistat A humidistat or hygrostat is an electronic device analogous to a thermostat but which responds to relative humidity, not temperature. A typical humidistat is usually included with portable humidifiers or dehumidifiers. It can also be included ...

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HVAC Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the use of various technologies to control the temperature, humidity, and purity of the air in an enclosed space. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. ...

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HVDC converter station An HVDC converter station (or simply converter station) is a specialised type of substation which forms the terminal equipment for a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line.Arrillaga, Jos; High Voltage Direct Current Transmission, s ...

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HVDC A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) electric power transmission system (also called a power superhighway or an electrical superhighway) uses direct current (DC) for electric power transmission, in contrast with the more common alternating curre ...

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Hybrid coil A hybrid coil (or bridge transformer, or sometimes hybrid) is a transformer that has three windings, and which is designed to be configured as a circuit having four ports that are conjugate in pairs. A signal arriving at one port is divided e ...

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Hybrid electric vehicle A hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a type of hybrid vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) system with an Electric motor, electric propulsion system (hybrid vehicle drivetrain). The presence of the electric powertr ...

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Hybrid Synergy Drive Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD), also known as Toyota Hybrid System II, is the brand name of Toyota Motor Corporation for the hybrid car drive train technology used in vehicles with the Toyota and Lexus marques. First introduced on the Toyota Prius, ...

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Hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined an ...

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Hydrogen embrittlement Hydrogen embrittlement (HE), also known as hydrogen-assisted cracking or hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC), is a reduction in the ductility of a metal due to absorbed hydrogen. Hydrogen atoms are small and can permeate solid metals. Once absorbe ...

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Hydropower Hydropower (from el, ὕδωρ, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of ...

– * Hydro-Québec's electricity transmission system – *

Hysteresis Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a magnet may have more than one possible magnetic moment in a given magnetic field, depending on how the field changed in the past. Plots of a single component of ...

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I

Idaho National Laboratory Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is one of the national laboratories of the United States Department of Energy and is managed by the Battelle Energy Alliance. While the laboratory does other research, historically it has been involved with nu ...

– * IEC61850 – * IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society – * IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society – *

IEEE Broadcast Technology Society The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a 501(c)(3) professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering (and associated disciplines) with its corporate office in New York City and its opera ...

– *

IEEE Circuits and Systems Society The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a 501(c)(3) professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering (and associated disciplines) with its corporate office in New York City and its opera ...

– *

IEEE Communications Society The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a 501(c)(3) professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering (and associated disciplines) with its corporate office in New York City and its operation ...

– * IEEE Dielectrics & Electrical Insulation Society – * IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society – * IEEE Electron Devices Society – * IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society – * IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society – * IEEE Industrial Electronics Society – * IEEE Industry Applications Society – * IEEE Information Theory Society – * IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Society – * IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society – * IEEE Magnetics Society – * IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society – * IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society – * IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society – * IEEE Photonics Society – * IEEE Power & Energy Society – * IEEE Reliability Society – * IEEE Robotics and Automation Society – * IEEE Signal Processing Society – * IEEE Society on Social Implications of Technology – * IEEE Solid-State Circuits Society – * IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society – * IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society – * IEEE Vehicular Technology Society – * IEEE Xplore – * IGBT – * Image impedance – * Image noise reduction – * Image processing – * Impulse response – * Incandescent lamp – * Incandescent light bulb – * Inchworm motor— * Inductance – * Induction coil – * induction cooker – * Induction generator – * Induction motor – * Induction regulator – * Inductive coupling – * Inductive output tube – * Inductor – * Inductors – * Industrial and multiphase power plugs and sockets – * Industrial automation – * Industrial Control Systems – * Infinite impulse response – * Information appliance – * Information communication technology – * Information Theory – * Information – * Inga–Shaba HVDC, Inga–Shaba – * Input/output – * Inrush current – * Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) – * Institution of Electrical Engineers – * Institution of Engineering and Technology – * Instrumentation engineering – * Instrumentation – * Insulation monitoring device – * Insulator (electrical) – * Integrated circuit – * Intel 4004 – * Intel 8080 – * Intel Corporation – * Intel – * Intelligent control – * Intelligent Transportation System – * Intermittent energy source – * Internal combustion engine – * International Electrotechnical Commission, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) – * International Organization for Standardization – * Interrupter – * Invention of radio – * Inverter (electrical) – * Magnetic core#Core loss, Iron loss – * Isolated-phase bus – * Isolation transformer – * Iterative learning control –

J

* j operator – * Jacobi method – * Jedlik's dynamo – * JFET – * Joule heating – * Joule –

K

* Kalman filter – * Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov lemma – * Kelvin–Stokes theorem – * Kilovolt-ampere – * Kirchhoff's circuit laws – * Klystron – * Kolmogorov backward equation –

L

* Lacquer – * LAN – * Laplace transform – * Laser diode – * Leakage inductance – * Least squares – * Light-emitting diode – * Line integral – * Linear alternator – * linear differential equation – * Linear matrix inequality – * Linear motor – * Linear transformation in rotating electrical machines – * Linear variable differential transformer – * linear – * Lineman (technician), Lineman (occupation) – * List of calculus topics – * List of chemistry topics – * List of railway electrification systems – *

– * List of electrical engineers – * List of electronics topics – * List of mathematical topics – * List of people in systems and control – * List of physics topics – * List of Russian electrical engineers – * Litz wire – * Load flow study – * Load following power plant – * Load-loss factor – * Load management – * Load profile – * Local positioning system – * LORAN – * Lorentz force law – * Loss power – * Lossless data compression – * Lossy data compression – * Loudspeaker – * Low-pass filter – * LTI system theory – * Lumen (unit) – * Lumped parameters – * Lyapunov stability – * Lynch motor –

M

* Macroscopic – * Machine learning -- * Magnet wire – * Magnet – * Magnetic blowout – * Magnetic circuit – * Magnetic constant – * Magnetic core – * Magnetic-core memory – * Magnetic field – * Magnetic flux density – * Magnetic flux – * Magnetic moment – * Magnetics – * Magnetism – * Magnetization – * Magnetization current – * Magnetostatics – * Magnetostriction – * Magnifying transmitter – * Main distribution frame – * Mainframe computer – * Mains electricity – * Mains hum – * Mains power systems – * Manitoba Hydro – * Manufacturing engineering – * Marginal stability – * Marine energy – * Marx generator – * Maser – * Massachusetts Institute of Technology – * Mathematical model – * Mathematics – * Matrix (mathematics) – * Maximum prospective short-circuit current – * Maxwell equations – * Maxwell's equations – * Mead and Conway revolution – * Mean free path – * Measurement – * Mechanical rectifier – * Mechatronics – * Medical equipment – * Memistor – * Mendocino motor – * Mercury-arc rectifier – * Mercury-arc valve – * Mercury-vapor lamp – * Mesh analysis – * Mesh networking – * Mesh – * Metadyne – * Metal detector – * Metal rectifier – * Metalworking – * Micro combined heat and power – * Microcontroller – * Microelectromechanical systems – * Microelectronics – * Microfabrication – * Microgeneration – * Microphone – * Microprocessor – * Microprocessors – * Microwave oven – * Microwave radio – * Microwave – * Millman's theorem – * Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable – * Mobile phone – * Modbus – * Model predictive control – * Modem – * Modulation transformer – * Modulation – * Monoscope – * Moon landing – * Moore's law – * Morse code – * MOSFET – * Motion control – * Motor controller – * Motor soft starter – * Mp3 – * MRI – * Multics – * Multimeter – * Multisim –

N

* Nameplate capacity – * Nanoengineering – * Nanoinverter – * Nanomotor – * Nanotechnology – * National electric code – * National Electrical Manufacturers Association, National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) – * Natural gas – * Negative feedback – * Negative resistance – * Negawatt power – * Nelson River Bipole – * Neodymium magnets – * Neon sign – * Neon-sign transformer – * Net metering – * Network analyzer (AC power)-- * Network cable – * Network protector – * Neural networks – * Newcastle-upon-Tyne Electric Supply Company – * Niagara Falls – * Nodal analysis – * Node (circuits) – * Noise cancelling – * Noise reduction – * Nominal impedance – * Nonlinear control – * Nonode – * Norton theorem – * Norton's theorem – * Notch filter – * NTSC – * Nuclear power – * Numerical control – * Nuvistor – * Nyquist frequency – * Nyquist stability criterion – * Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem –

O

* Observability – * Occupations in electrical/electronics engineering – * Ohm – * Ohmmeter – * Ohm's law – * Oil shale – * One-line diagram – * On-premises wiring – * Open-circuit test – * Open-circuit voltage – * Open-circuit time constant method – * Open-circuit voltage – * Operational amplifier – * Optical fiber – * Optimal control – * Oscillation – * Oscilloscope – * Oudin coil – * Out of phase – * Outline of electrical engineering – * Overhead line – * Oversampling – * Overshoot (signal) – * Overvoltage – * Oxidation – * Oxygen – * Oxygen-free copper –

P

* Pad-mounted transformer – * Pantograph (rail) – * Paraformer – * Parameter estimation – * Park transform – * Park's transformation – * Partial discharge – * Passivity (engineering) – * Patch cables – * Peak demand – * Pearl Street Station – * Peltier–Seebeck effect – * Pentagrid converter – * Pentode – * Permanent magnet synchronous generator – * Permanent magnet – * Permeability (electromagnetism) – * Personal computer – * Personal digital assistant – * Perturbation theory – * Petroleum – * pH meter – * Phase (waves) – * Phase converter – * Phase-fired controllers – * Phase-locked loop – * Phase modulation – * Phasor – * Phasor measurement unit – * Phasor – * Phonograph – * Photocell – * Photodetector – * Photodiode – * Photometer – * Photonics – * Photoresistor – * Phototransistor – * Physics – * Physis – * PID controller – * Piezoelectric effect – * Piezoelectric motor – * Pigovian tax – * PIN diode – * Pirelli – * Planar graph – * Plasma (physics) – * Plenum cable – * Plug-in hybrid – * P-N junction – * Polarization density – * Polyethylene – * Polymer – * Polyphase coil – * Polyphase system – * Polypropylene – * Polytetrafluoroethylene – * Pontryagin's minimum principle – * Port (circuit theory) – * Positive feedback – * Potential difference – * Potentiometer – * Potentiometers – * Power (physics), Power – * Power BJT – * Power cable – * Power conditioner – * Power consumption – * Power converter – * Power distribution – * Power electronics – * Power engineering – * Power-factor correction – * Power factor – * Power-flow study – * Power generation – * Power grid – * Power inverter – * Power inverter – * Power-line carrier communication – * Power-line communication – * Power MOSFET – * Power plant – * Power rating – * Power quality – * Power station – * Power storage – * Power supplies – * Power-system automation – * Power-system protection – * Precious metal – * Pressure – * Printed circuit board – * Printer (computing) – * Process control – * Product lifecycle management – * Product safety – * Professional communication – * Professional engineer – * Programmable logic controller – * Programming language – * Project management – * Projection (mathematics) – * Prolec GE – * Protective relay – * Proximity effect (electromagnetism) – * Pulse transformer – * Pulse-width modulation – * Pulse-amplitude modulation, Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) – * Pulse-code modulation – * Pumped-storage hydroelectricity – * Push switch – * Push–pull converter –

Q

* Quadrature booster – * Qualitative data – * Quality (business), Quality – * Quality control – * Quality factor – * Quantity – * Quantization (signal processing) –

R

* Radar cross-section – * Radar – * Radio frequency – * Radio transmitter – * Radio – * Railroad – * Railway electrification system – * Rankine cycle – * Rapid transit – * Reactive power – * Real-time operating system – * Receiver (radio) – * Rechargeable battery – * Reciprocity (electromagnetism) – * Record player – * Rectifier – * Rectiformer – * Recursive least squares – * Reed switch – * Regenerative braking – * Regenerative circuit – * Reis telephone – * Relaxation oscillator – * Relay – * Reliability engineering – * Reluctance motor – * Remanence – * Remote racking system – * Remote Sensing – * Renewable electricity – * Renewable Energy Certificates – * Renewable energy payments – * Renewable energy policy – * Repeating coil – * Repowering – * Repulsion motor – * Resettable fuse – * Residual-current device, Residual-current circuit breaker – * Resistive circuit – * Resistivity – * Resistor – * Resistors – * Resolver (electrical) – * Resonant cavity – * Resonant inductive coupling – * Reverse engineering – * RF connector – * RF engineering – * RG-6 – * Rheoscope – * Rheostat – * Right hand grip rule – * Ripple (electrical) – * RLC circuit – * Robotics – * Robust control – * Rogowski coil – * Root locus – * Root mean square – * Rotary converter – * Rotary encoder – * Rotary switch – * Rotary transformer – * Rotary variable differential transformer – * Rotation (mathematics) – * Rotor (electric) – * Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion – * Routh–Hurwitz theorem –

S

* Sallen–Key filter – * Sample and hold – * Sampling (information theory) – * Sampling frequency – * Satellite radio – * Satellite – * Saturation (magnetic) – * SCADA – * Schmitt trigger – * Schottky diode – * Scott-T transformer – * s-domain – * SDTV – * Segmentation (image processing) – * Selenium rectifiers – * Semiconductor device – * Semiconductor fabrication – * Semiconductor – * Sensor – * Serial communication – * Series and parallel circuits – * SETI – * Shaded-pole motor – * Shaft voltage – * Shielded twisted pair – * Short-circuit test – * Short circuit – * Shunt (electrical) – * SI – * Siemens & Halske – * Siemens (unit) – * Siemens – * Signal (electrical engineering) – * Signal (information theory) – * Signal noise – * Signal processing – * Signal strength – * Signal-flow graph – * Signal-to-noise ratio – * Silicon controlled rectifier – * Silicon Valley – * Silicon – * Silver – * Sine wave – * Single-phase electric power – * Single-phase – * Single-sideband modulation – * Skin effect – * Sliding mode control – * Slip ring – * Small signal model – * Smart grid – * Smith chart – * Snowy Mountains scheme – * Software engineering – * Software – * Solar cell – * Solar energy – * Solar micro-inverter – * Solar power plants in the Mojave Desert – * Solar power – * Soldering – * Solenoid – * Solid state (electronics) – * Solid state physics – * Solid-state circuit – * Sound recording – * Space flight – * Space vector modulation – * Spark spread – * Spark-gap transmitter – * Spectrum analyzer – * Speech processing – * SPICE – * Split phase – * Square wave – * Stability theory – * Stable polynomial – * Stacking factor – * Star-mesh transform – * State observer – * State-space representation – * Static VAR compensator – * Stator – * Steady-state – * Steam turbine – * Steel – * Step response – * Stepper motor – * Stereophonic sound – * Stokes' theorem – * Storage tube – * Stray capacitance – * Structure gauge – * Structured cabling – * Submarine communications cable – * Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker – * Sulfur hexafluoride – * Sun Microsystems – * Super grid – * Supercomputer – * Superconducting electric machine – * Superconductivity – * Superfluid – * Superheterodyne receiver – * Superposition theorem – * Surge arrester – * Surge protection – * Switch – * Switched reluctance motor – * Switched-mode power supply – * Switchgear – * Symbolic circuit analysis – * Symmetrical components – * Synchro – * Synchronization (alternating current) – * Synchronous circuit – * Synchronous motor – * Synchronous rectification – * Synchroscope – * Syncom – * System identification – * System on a chip – * System on module – * Systems analysis –

T

* Tachometer – * Tap (transformer) – * Tap changer – * Taylor series – * Technical drawing – * Technology – * Telecommunication – * Telecommunications cable – * Telecommunications engineering – * Telecommunications Industry Association – * Telecommunications – * Telegraph – * Telephone balance unit – * Telephone line – * Telephone – * Television – * Tellegen's theorem – * Temperature – * Tensile strength – * Tensile stress – * Tesla (unit) – * Tesla coil – * Tetrode – * Thermal conductivity – * Thermal expansion – * Thermionic emission – * Thermistor – * Thermocouple – * Thermodynamic efficiency – * Thermodynamics – * Thermoelectric effect – * Thermostat – * Thévenin theorem – * Third rail – * Three-phase AC railway electrification – * Three-phase electric power – * Three-phase power – * Three-phase – * Thyristor drive – * Thyristor – * Tidal power – * Time sharing – * Time-invariant system – * Timeline of electrical and electronic engineering – * Tin – * Topology (electrical circuits) – * Toroidal inductors and transformers – * Torque – * Total harmonic distortion, Total harmonic distortion (THD) – * Traction battery – * Traction current – * Traction motor – * Traction substation – * Transatlantic communications cable – * Transatlantic telegraph cable – * Transceiver – * Transducers – * Transfer function – * Transformer oil testing – * Transformer oil – * Transformer types – * Transformer – * Transformerboard – * Transient response – * Transils – * Transistor – * Transistors – * Transmission (telecommunications) – * Transmission line – * Transmission system operator – * Transmission tower – * Transmitter – * Traveling-wave tube – * Trembler coil – * TRIAC – * Triangle wave – * Trigger transformer – * Triode – * Trolley pole – * Trolleybus – * TRW Inc. – * Tuned circuit – * Twisted pair – * Two-phase electric power – * Two-port network – * Two-sided Laplace transform – * Tyco Electronics – * Types of capacitor –

U

* Ubiquitous computing – * Ultrasonic motor – * Ultrasonics – * Undersampling – * Underwriters Laboratories – * Unijunction transistor – * Unipolar motor – * University College London – * University of Missouri – * Unix – * Unshielded twisted pair – * Upsampling – * Utility frequency – * Utility pole –

V

* Vacuum capacitor – * Vacuum tube – * Variable capacitor – * Variable-frequency drive – * Variac – * Varicap – * Variety (cybernetics) – * Varistor – * Varnish – * Vector (geometric) – * Vector calculus – * Vector control (motor) – * Vector group – * Vehicle-to-grid – * Vehicular automation – * Velcro – * Versorium – * Vibrator (electronic) – * Video camera tube – * Video game console – * Video processing – * Virtual instrumentation – * Virtual power plant – * VLSI – * Volt – * Voltage compensation – * Voltage-controlled amplifier – * Voltage controller – * Voltage converter – * Voltage division – * Voltage doubler – * Voltage regulation – * Voltage regulator – * Voltage source – * Voltage spike – * Voltage – * Voltage-to-current converter – * Volt-ampere – * Voltmeter – * Volumetric flow rate –

W

* War of the currents – * Ward Leonard control – * Watt – * Wattmeter – * Waveguide (electromagnetism) – * Waveguide – * Weber (unit), Weber – * Welding – * Wet transformer (disambiguation), Wet transformer – * Whitaker Foundation – * Whole-life cost – * Wiener filter – * Wiener process – * Williams tube – * Wind farm – * Wind power in South Australia – * Wind power – * Wind speed – * Wind turbine – * Wire – * Wireless network – * Wireless telegraphy –

X

* X-ray –

Y

* Yagi antenna – * Yahoo – * Y-delta transform –

Z

* Z3 (computer) – * z80 – * Zener diode – * Zigzag transformer – * Zilog – * Z-transform –

Biographies

A

* Norman Abramson, Abramson, Norman – * Comfort A. Adams, Adams, Comfort A. – * Ernst Alexanderson, Alexanderson, Ernst * George Biddell Airy, Airy, George Biddell – * André-Marie Ampère, Ampère, André-Marie – * Vladimir Andreevich Yakubovich, Yakubovich, Vladimir – * Edwin Armstrong, Armstrong, Edwin – * William Edward Ayrton, Ayrton, William Edward – * William Ross Ashby, Ashby, William Ross –

B

* John Bardeen, Bardeen, John – * Emile Baudot, Baudot, Emile – * Andy Bechtolsheim, Bechtolsheim, Andy – * Arnold Orville Beckman, Beckman, Arnold Orville – * Alexander Graham Bell, Bell, Alexander Graham – * Richard Bellman, Bellman, Richard – * Alfred Rosling Bennett, Bennett, Alfred Rosling – * Ottó Bláthy, Bláthy, Ottó – * André Blondel, Blondel, André – * Alan Blumlein, Blumlein, Alan – * Hendrik Wade Bode, Bode, Hendrik Wade – * Nikolay Bogoliubov, Bogoliubov, Nikolay – * Paul Boucherot, Boucherot, Paul – * Walter Brattain, Brattain, Walter – * Karl Ferdinand Braun, Braun, Karl Ferdinand – * Karlheinz Brandenburg, Brandenburg, Karlheinz – * Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown, Brown, Charles Eugene Lancelot – * William C. Brown, Brown, William C. – * Charles Tilston BBright, Charles Tilston – * Walter Bruch, Bruch, Walter – * Charles F. Brush, Brush, Charles F. – * Charles Frederick Burgess, Burgess, Charles Frederick –

C

* Marvin Camras, Camras, Marvin – * Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton, Campbell-Swinton, Alan Archibald – * John Renshaw Carson, Carson, John Renshaw – * James Kilton Clapp, Clapp, James Kilton – * Edith Clarke, Clarke, Edith – * William David Coolidge, Coolidge, William – * Charles Concordia, Concordia, Charles – * Lynn Conway, Conway, Lynn – * William Corin, Corin, William – * R. E. B. Crompton, Crompton, R. E. B. – * Seymour Cray, Cray, Seymour –

D

* Sidney Darlington, Darlington, Sidney – * Georges Jean Marie Darrieus, Darrieus, George – * Thomas Davenport (inventor), Davenport, Thomas – * Lee De Forest, De Forest, Lee – * Georges de Mestral, de Mestral, Georges – * Robert H. Dennard, Dennard, Robert H. – * Jack Dennis, Dennis, Jack – * Marcel Deprez, Deprez, Marcel – * Miksa Déri, Déri, Miksa – * Bern Dibner, Dibner, Bern – * Robert Doherty (college president), Doherty, Robert – * Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Mikhail – * Ray Dolby, Dolby, Ray – * William Duddell, Duddell, William – * Allen B. DuMont, DuMont, Allen B. –

E

* John Presper Eckert, Eckert, John Presper – * Thomas Edison, Edison, Thomas – * Douglas Engelbart, Engelbart, Douglas – * Justus B. Entz, Entz, Justus B. – * Agner Krarup Erlang, Erlang, Agner Krarup – * Lloyd Espenschied, Espenschied, Lloyd – * Walter R. Evans, Evans, Walter R. – * Leonhard Euler, Euler, Leonhard –

F

* Federico Faggin, Faggin, Federico – * Michael Faraday, Faraday, Michael – * Moses G. Farmer, Farmer, Moses G. – * Philo T. Farnsworth, Farnsworth, Philo T. – * Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti, Ferranti, Sebastian Ziani de – * Galileo Ferraris, Ferraris, Galileo – * Reginald Fessenden, Fessenden, Reginald – * Donald G. Fink, Fink, Donald G. – * Gerhard Fischer (inventor), Fischer, Gerhard – * John Ambrose Fleming, Fleming, John Ambrose – * Tommy Flowers, Flowers, Thomas – * Hippolyte Fontaine, Fontaine, Hippolyte – * George Forbes (scientist), Forbes, George – * Jay Forrester, Forrester, Jay – * Charles Legeyt Fortescue, Fortescue, Charles Legeyt – * Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier, Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph – * Leonard F. Fuller, Fuller, Leonard F. –

G

* Dennis Gabor, Gabor, Dennis – * Lucien Gaulard, Gaulard, Lucien – * Carl Friedrich Gauss, Gauss, Carl Friedrich – * William Gilbert (astronomer), Gilbert, William – * Giovanni Giorgi, Giorgi, Giovanni – * Zénobe Gramme, Gramme, Zénobe – * Elisha Gray, Gray, Elisha – * Richard Grimsdale, Grimsdale, Richard – * Ernst A. Guillemin, Guillemin, Ernst A. –

H

* Robert Hadfield, Hadfield, Robert – * Edward E. Hammer, Hammer, Edward E. – * Ralph Hartley, Hartley, Ralph – * Johann Georg Halske, Halske, Johann Georg – * Oliver Heaviside, Heaviside, Oliver – * Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck, Hefner-Alteneck, Friedrich von – * Oskar Heil, Heil, Oskar – * Paul Héroult, Héroult, Paul – * Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, Hertz, Heinrich – * Peter Cooper Hewitt, Hewitt, Peter Cooper – * William Reddington Hewlett, Hewlett, William Reddington – * Marcian Hoff, Hoff, Marcian – * Edward Hopkinson, Hopkinson, Edward – * John Hopkinson, Hopkinson, John – * Grace Hopper, Hopper, Grace – * Paul Horowitz, Horowitz, Paul – * Edwin J. Houston, Houston, Edwin J. – * Baron Hirst, Hirst, Hugo – * Albert Hull, Hull, Albert – * Lawrence A. Hyland, Hyland, Lawrence A. –

I

* Samuel Insull, Insull, Samuel –

J

* Fleeming Jenkin, Jenkin, Fleeming – * Bill Joy, Joy, Bill –

K

* Rudolf Kálmán, Kálmán, Rudolf – * Kálmán Kandó, Kando, Kálmán – * Nathaniel S. Keith, Keith, Nathaniel S. – * Arthur E. Kennelly, Kennelly, Arthur E. – * Charles Kettering, Kettering, Charles – * Jack Kilby, Kilby, Jack – * Max Knoll, Knoll, Max – * Andrey Kolmogorov, Kolmogorov, Andrey – * John D. Kraus, Kraus, John D. – * Herbert Kroemer, Kroemer, Herbert-- * Nikolay Mitrofanovich Krylov, Krylov, Nikolay Mitrofanovich –

L

* Eric Laithwaite, Laithwaite, Eric – * Hedy Lamarr, Lamarr, Hedy – * Uno Lamm, Lamm, Uno – * Benjamin G. Lamme, Lamme, Benjamin G. – * Georges Leclanché, Leclanché, Georges – * Morris E. Leeds, Leeds, Morris E. – * Harry Ward Leonard, Leonard, Harry Ward – * Alexander Lodygin, Lodygin, Alexander – Alexander Lyapunov, Lyapunov, Alexander –

M

* Östen Mäkitalo, Mäkitalo, Östen – * Guglielmo Marconi, Marconi, Guglielmo – * Orlando R. Marsh, Marsh, Orlando R. – * Erwin Otto Marx, Marx, Erwin Otto – * John Mauchly, Mauchly, John – * James Clerk Maxwell, Maxwell, James Clerk – * William Henry Merrill, Merrill, William Henry – * Nicolas Minorsky, Minorsky, Nicolas – * Charles Hesterman Merz, Merz, Charles Hesterman – * Robert Metcalfe, Metcalfe, Robert – * John L. Moll, Moll, John L. – * Robert Moog, Moog, Robert – * Daniel McFarlan Moore, Moore, Daniel McFarlan –

N

* Shuji Nakamura, Nakamura, Shuji – * Nathaniel B. Nichols, Nichols, Nathaniel B. – * Edward Lawry Norton, Norton, Edward Lawry – * Robert Noyce, Noyce, Robert – * Harry Nyquist, Nyquist, Harry –

O

* Georg Ohm, Ohm, Georg – * Bernard M. Oliver, Oliver, Bernard M. – * Kenneth Olsen, Olsen, Kenneth – * Stanford R. Ovshinsky, Ovshinsky, Stanford R. –

P

* David Packard, Packard, David – * Robert H. Park, Park, Robert H. – * Charles Algernon Parsons, Parsons, Charles Algernon – * Donald Pederson, Pederson, Donald – * G. W. Pierce, Pierce, G. W. – * Lev Semenovich Pontryagin, Pontryagin, Lev Semenovich – * Franklin Leonard Pope, Pope, Franklin Leonard – * Vasile M. Popov, Popov, Vasile M. – * Valdemar Poulsen, Poulsen, Valdemar – * William Henry Preece, Preece, William Henry – * Michael I. Pupin, Pupin, Michael I. –

R

* John R. Ragazzini, Ragazzini, John R. – * Simon Ramo, Ramo, Simon – * Richard H. Ranger, Ranger, Richard H. – * Alec Reeves, Reeves, Alec – * Johann Philipp Reis, Reis, Johann Philipp – * Hyman G. Rickover, Rickover, Hyman G. – * Edward S. Rogers, Sr., Rogers, Edward S. Sr. – * Harold Rosen (electrical engineer), Rosen, Harold – * H. J. Round, Round, H. J. – * Edward John Routh, Routh, Edward John – * Reinhold Rudenberg, Rudenberg, Reinhold –

S

* Carl Louis Schwendler, Schwendler, Carl Louis – * Thomas Johann Seebeck, Seebeck, Thomas Johann – * Claude E. Shannon, Shannon, Claude E. – * Oliver B. Shallenberger, Shallenberger, Oliver B. – * William B. Shockley, Shockley, William B. – * Philipp Ludwig von Seidel, Siedel, Philipp Ludwig – * Kees A. Schouhamer Immink, Schouhamer Immink, Kees A. – * Alexander Siemens, Siemens, Alexander – * Carl Wilhelm Siemens, Siemens, Carl Wilhelm – * Ernst Werner von Siemens, Siemens, Ernst Werner von – * Phillip Hagar Smith, Smith, Phillip Hagar – * Percy Spencer, Spencer, Percy – * Frank J. Sprague, Sprague, Frank J. – * William Stanley, Jr., Stanley, William, Jr. – * Chauncey Starr, Starr, Chauncey – * Charles Proteus Steinmetz, Steinmetz, Charles Proteus –

T

* Sarkes Tarzian, Tarzian, Sarkes – * Albert H. Taylor, Taylor, Albert H. – * Bernard D. H. Tellegen, Tellegen, Bernard D. H. – * Nikola Tesla, Tesla, Nikola – * Elihu Thomson, Thomson, Elihu – * Silvanus P. Thompson, Thompson, Silvanus P. – * William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Thomson, William – * René Thury, Thury, René – * Kálmán Tihanyi, Tihanyi, Kálmán – * John Tukey, Tukey, John –

V

* Charles Joseph Van Depoele, Van Depoele, Charles Joseph – * C. F. Varley, Varley, C. F. – * Milan Vidmar, Vidmar, Milan – * Andrew Viterbi, Viterbi, Andrew – * Alessandro Volta, Volta, Alessandro – * Robert von Lieben, von Lieben, Robert – * Oskar von Miller, von Miller, Oskar –

W

* Trevor Wadley, Wadley, Trevor – * Robert Watson-Watt, Watson-Watt, Robert – * James Watt, Watt, James – * George Westinghouse, Westinghouse, George – * Charles Wheatstone, Wheatstone, Charles – * Harold Alden Wheeler, Wheeler, Harold Alden – * Uncas A. Whitaker, Whitaker, Uncas A. – * Bob Widlar, Widlar, Bob – * Norbert Wiener, Wiener, Norbert – * Niklaus Wirth, Wirth, Niklaus – * Steve Wozniak, Wozniak, Steve –

Y

* Pavel Yablochkov, Yablochkov, Pavel – * Hidetsugu Yagi, Yagi, Hidetsugu – * Jerry Yang (entrepreneur), Yang, Jerry – {{anchor, Z-n

Z

* George Zames, Zames, George – * Otto Julius Zobel, Zobel, Otto Julius – * Konrad Zuse, Zuse, Konrad – Electrical-engineering-related lists Electronics lists, Electrical engineering topics (alphabetical) Indexes of engineering topics, Electrical engineering topics (alphabetical)