‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Marwān al-Jillīqī ('','' also known as or "the Galician") (died ca. 889), was a Muwallad whose family had come from northern Portugal and settled near Mérida. In 868, leading a host of Muwallads and Mozarabs, he rebelled against

Emir Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or cer ...

Muhammad I of Córdoba Muhammad I (822–886) () was the ''Umayyad'' emir of Córdoba from 852 to 886 in the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia). Biography Muhammad was born in Córdoba. His reign was marked by several revolts and separatist movements of the Muwallad (Mus ...

and after a heroic resistance he got honourable surrendering terms from the Emir and was given

Badajoz Badajoz (; formerly written ''Badajos'' in English) is the capital of the Province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, Spain. It is situated close to the Portuguese border, on the left bank of the river Guadiana. The populatio ...

, which he started to fortify. Knowing of an incoming attack by the Emirate forces, he fled northwards settling in the castle of ''Karkar'' (now Carquere, near

Lamego Lamego (; cel-x-proto, Lamecum) is a city and municipality in the Viseu District, in the Norte Region of the Douro in northern Portugal. Located on the shores of the Balsemão River, the municipality has a population of 26,691, in an area of 165 ...

, Portugal). Afterwards, at Ibn Marwân's request, king

Alfonso III of León Alfonso III (20 December 910), called the Great ( es, el Magno), was the king of León, Galicia and Asturias from 866 until his death. He was the son and successor of Ordoño I. In later sources he is the earliest to be called "Emperor of Spai ...

sent him auxiliary troops and the combined army defeated the Emirate forces. Returning to

, now a well-fortified city, he established his rule throughout the whole of the

Al'Garb Al'Andalus Gharb al-Andalus ( ar, غرب الأندلس, trans. ''gharb al-ʼandalus''; "west of al-Andalus"), or just al-Gharb ( ar, الغرب, trans. ''al-gharb''; "the west"), was the name given by the Muslims of Iberia to the region of southern mode ...

. Together with his ally Sāʿḍūn al-Ṣurunbāqī, the other important Muwallad rebel leader in Western

al-Andalus Al-Andalus translit. ; an, al-Andalus; ast, al-Ándalus; eu, al-Andalus; ber, ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙ, label= Berber, translit=Andalus; ca, al-Àndalus; gl, al-Andalus; oc, Al Andalús; pt, al-Ândalus; es, al-Ándalus () was the M ...

, Ibn Marwan expelled the

Banu Dānis The Banū Dānis ( ar, بنو أبي دانيس), also known as ''Banū Abī Dānis'' or ''Banū Adānis'', were a clan of the Berber tribe of Awsāǧa (also Awsaŷa, 'Awsaja, Aussaya). The 'Awsāǧa, in turn, belonged to the tribal confederation o ...

from

Coimbra Coimbra (, also , , or ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The population of the municipality at the 2011 census was 143,397, in an area of . The fourth-largest urban area in Portugal after Lisbon, Porto, and Braga, it is the largest cit ...

. Between 876 and 877 he also erected the Castle of

Marvão Marvão () is a municipality in Portalegre District in Portugal. The population in 2020 was 2,972 (and dropping at a rate of around one inhabitant per week), in an area of 154.90 km2. The present Mayor is Luís Vitorino, elected by the Soci ...

, in Portugal, a place already known in the 10th century as ''Amaia de Ibn Maruán'' or ''Fortaleza de Amaia''. His dynasty lasted until 930.

References

*VELOZO, Francisco José (1969), ''Um Muçulmano Precursor da Independência Portuguesa: Bem Marvão, o Galego'' in ''O Islão'', n.º 5, Agosto. *CAMPOS, José A. Correia de, ''Monumentos da antiguidade árabe em Portugal'', pp. 111–112. 880s deaths People of the Emirate of Córdoba Rebels of the medieval Islamic world People from Galicia (Spain) 9th-century Al-Andalus people Year of birth unknown Al-Andalus military personnel Muwallads {{Al-Andalus-bio-stub