Ian Gordon Simmons (born 22 January 1937) is a British geographer. He retired as Professor of Geography from the

University of Durham Durham University (legally the University of Durham) is a collegiate university, collegiate public university, public research university in Durham, England, Durham, England, founded by an Act of Parliament in 1832 and incorporated by royal charte ...

in 2001. He has made significant contributions to environmental history and prehistoric archaeology.

Background

Simmons grew up in East London and then East Lincolnshire until the age of 12. He studied physical geography (BSc) and holds a PhD from the University of London (early 1960s) on the vegetation history of

Dartmoor Dartmoor is an upland area in southern Devon, England. The moorland and surrounding land has been protected by National Park status since 1951. Dartmoor National Park covers . The granite which forms the uplands dates from the Carboniferous P ...

. He began university lecturing in his early 20s and was Lecturer and then Reader in Geography at the

from 1962 to 1977, then Professor of Geography at the

University of Bristol , mottoeng = earningpromotes one's innate power (from Horace, ''Ode 4.4'') , established = 1595 – Merchant Venturers School1876 – University College, Bristol1909 – received royal charter , type ...

from 1977 to 1981 before returning to a Chair in Geography at Durham, where he worked until retiring in 2001. In 1972–73, he taught biogeography for a year at York University, Canada and has held other appointments including Visiting Scholar, St. John's College, University of Oxford in the 1990s. Previously, he had been an ACLS postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley.

Scholarship

His research includes the study of the later Mesolithic and early Neolithic in their environmental setting on English uplands, where he has demonstrated the role of these early human communities in initiating some of Britain's characteristic landscape elements. His work also encompasses the long-term effects of human manipulation of the natural environment and its consequences for resource use and environmental change. This line of work resulted in his last three books, which looked at environmental history on three nested scales: the moorlands of England and Wales, Great Britain, and the Globe. Each dealt with the last 10,000 years and tried to encompassboth conventional science-based data with the insights of the social sciences and humanities. Simmons has authored several books on environmental thought and culture over the ages as well as contemporary resource management and environmental problems. Since retirement he has worked on the landscape history of the area of East Lincolnshire where he was a war-time evacuee and has published some papers on the medieval economy and drainage as well as a wide-ranging website at www.dur.ac.uk/east-lincs-history

Honours

* Fellow of the British Academy elected in 1997 for research into human-environmental relations, past and future. * FSA Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, 1979 * Victoria Medal, Royal Geographical Society 1997 * Chairman of the Environmental Working Group of the Institute of British Geographers * Member of the

Academia Europaea The Academia Europaea is a pan-European Academy of Humanities, Letters, Law, and Sciences. The Academia was founded in 1988 as a functioning Europe-wide Academy that encompasses all fields of scholarly inquiry. It acts as co-ordinator of Europea ...

1994 * Honorary D.Sc., awarded by the University of Aberdeen, 2005 * In 2008, it was reported that Jia Jin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was working on a PhD thesis entitled "On Ian Simmons' Environmental History Study: Contents, Methodology and Enlightenments” in the Department of World History.

Key publications

* Simmons IG, KJ Gregory, A Brazel, J W Day, EA Keller. 2008. ''Environmental Sciences: A Student's Companion.'' Sage Publications. * Simmons, I.G. 2008. ''Global Environmental History: 10,000 BC to AD 2000''. Chicago : University of Chicago Press and Edinburgh University Press. * Simmons IG. 2003. ''The moorlands of England and Wales: an environmental history 8000 BC to AD 2000''. Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press. * Simmons IG 2001 ''An Environmental History of Great Britain: from 10,000 Years Ago to the Present''. Edinburgh University Press. * Atkins P, I. G. Simmons, B. Roberts. 1998. ''People, Land and Time: An Historical Introduction to the Relations Between Landscape, Culture and Environment''. Arnold. * Simmons I.G. 1997. ''Humanity & Environment: a cultural ecology''. Longman. 0582225477 * Simmons, I.G. 1996. ''The environmental impact of later Mesolithic cultures: the creation of moorland landscape in England and Wales''. Edinburgh University Press. * Simmons, I.G. 1996. ''Changing the Face of the Earth: Culture, Environment, History''. Oxford: Blackwell. * Simmons I.G. 1993. ''Environmental History. A concise introduction''. Oxford: Blackwell. * Simmons, I.G. 1993. ''Interpreting nature : cultural constructions of the environment.'' London: Routledge. * Simmons I.G. 1991. ''Earth, air and water : resources and environment in the late 20th century''. London: Edward Arnold. * Simmons I.G. 1982. ''Biogeographical processes''. London : Allen & Unwin. * Simmons I.G., M. Tooley (eds.) 1981. ''The Environment in British Prehistory''. Duckworth. * Simmons I.G. 1979. ''Biogeography: natural & cultural''. London: Edward Arnold * Simmons I.G. 1975. ''Rural recreation in the industrial world''. London: Edward Arnold, * Simmons I.G. 1974, 1981. ''The ecology of natural resources''. London: Edward Arnold. * Simmons I.G. and C. Simmons (eds.) 1974. ''Resource Systems''. London: Macmillan Education. *

References

External links

Staff profile, Durham University, UK
{{DEFAULTSORT:Simmons, Ian 1937 births Alumni of the University of London Academics from London Living people Environmental historians British geographers Members of Academia Europaea Fellows of the British Academy Academics of Durham University People educated at Upton Court Grammar School Historical geographers Biogeographers Victoria Medal recipients