Hot d'Or ( en, Golden Hot) was an adult film industry pornographic award, awarded annually from 1992 to 2001 in

Cannes Cannes ( , , ; oc, Canas) is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. The ...

, France"The other Cannes festival"
Archived at: , by Stephen Walker at Salon.com, May 21, 2001 by the French

trade journal A trade magazine, also called a trade journal or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this ...

'' Hot Vidéo''.

Overview

The awards have been described as the porn equivalent of the

Palme d'Or The Palme d'Or (; en, Golden Palm) is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was introduced in 1955 by the festival's organizing committee. Previously, from 1939 to 1954, the festival's highest prize was the Grand Prix du Fe ...

or the

Academy Awards The Academy Awards, better known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the American and international film industry. The awards are regarded by many as the most prestigious, significant awards in the entertainment ind ...

."Cannes gets sexy with the Academy Awards of adult video"
by Alannah Weston; Archived at: The analogous American honor is the

AVN Award The AVN Awards are film awards sponsored and presented by the American adult video industry trade magazine '' AVN'' (''Adult Video News'') to recognize achievement in various aspects of the creation and marketing of American pornographic fi ...

. The inaugural event was held over two weeks in May in a hotel complex, at exactly the same time as the

Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Festival (; french: link=no, Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (') and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films ...

. Venues included the Royal Casino Hotel, situated five miles from the

Croisette The Promenade de la Croisette (), or Boulevard de la Croisette, is a prominent road in Cannes, France. It stretches along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and is about 2 km long. The Croisette is known for the Palais des Festivals et des ...

. In 1997, the event was held at the Lido in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...

. The Hot d'Or was noted for the lavish parties that accompanied it, particularly those held by

Private Media Group Private Media Group, Inc. is a Swedish production and distribution company that distributes adult entertainment via print publications, DVDs, the internet, and mobile. Origins ''Private'' magazine was established in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1 ...

on board a yacht in Cannes marina. The event attracted many performers,

paparazzi Paparazzi (, ; ; singular: masculine paparazzo or feminine paparazza) are independent photographers who take pictures of high-profile people; such as actors, musicians, athletes, politicians, and other celebrities, typically while subjects ...

directors Director may refer to: Literature * ''Director'' (magazine), a British magazine * ''The Director'' (novel), a 1971 novel by Henry Denker * ''The Director'' (play), a 2000 play by Nancy Hasty Music * Director (band), an Irish rock band * ''D ...

, and producers and distributors who would make deals buying and selling films. The event would often court publicity by having

porn stars A pornographic film actor or actress, pornographic performer, adult entertainer, or porn star is a person who performs sex acts in video that is usually characterized as a pornographic movie. Such videos tend to be made in a number of dis ...

pose

naked Nudity is the state of being in which a human is without clothing. The loss of body hair was one of the physical characteristics that marked the biological evolution of modern humans from their hominin ancestors. Adaptations related to h ...

on the public beach. Consequently, it attracted attention from international media who were in town for the mainstream festival. The highest award given was the Hot d'Or d'honneur, which was awarded to figures including Estelle Desanges, Marc Dorcel, Julia Channel,

John Stagliano John Stagliano (born November 29, 1951), also known as Buttman, is an American entrepreneur, former pornographic film actor, producer and director who founded and owns the Evil Angel pornographic film studio. Early life and career Stagliano ...

, Internet Entertainment Group and

Ona Zee Ona Zee is an American pornographic actress, director, and producer of pornographic films. Career Zee starred or appeared in over 300 adult movies since entering the industry in 1986. She was about 35-years-old when she began, an age when many ...

20th anniversary

After an eight-year absence, the awards returned to Paris on October 20, 2009 to commemorate the 20th anniversary of ''Hot Vidéo'' magazine. They were held at Salle Wagram at the

art deco Art Deco, short for the French ''Arts Décoratifs'', and sometimes just called Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture, and product design, that first appeared in France in the 1910s (just before World War I), and flourished in the Unit ...

Radisson Hotel Radisson Hotels is an international hotel chain headquartered in the United States. A division of the Radisson Hotel Group, it operates the brands Radisson Blu, Radisson RED, Radisson Collection, Country Inn & Suites, and Park Inn by Radis ...

, and French pop star Helmut Fritz performed at the show.

French television Television in France was introduced in 1931, when the first experimental broadcasts began. Colour television was introduced in October 1967 on La Deuxième Chaîne. Digital terrestrial television The digital terrestrial television platform w ...

giant

Canal Plus Canal+ (Canal Plus, , meaning 'Channel Plus'; sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal) is a French premium television channel launched in 1984. It is 100% owned by the Groupe Canal+, which in turn is owned by Vivendi. The channel broadcasts several ki ...

had the rights to broadcast the show during their late-night block of adult programming.

Reception and review

Hot d'Ors presence was not particularly welcomed by the

or Cannes city officials. In 1998 (when the awards were again held in Cannes), Steve Vlottes of

Wicked Pictures Wicked Pictures is an American pornographic movie studio headquartered in Canoga Park, California. Between 2004 and 2021, it was one of the only heterosexual studios to maintain a condoms-only policy. Company history Steve Orenstein founded ...

said the awards were: "the most important show that we attend".

Award history

;1st Annual Hot d'Or (1992) *Best Foreign Actress: Zara Whites - ''Rêves de cuir'''' Hot Vidéo'', "Special Cannes +", N. 33. June 1992 *Best French Actress: Carole Tennessy *Best American Actress:

Ashlyn Gere Ashlyn Gere is an American pornographic film actress who has also performed in mainstream film and television, including appearances on the science fiction television series ''The X-Files'' and '' Space: Above and Beyond''. Gere is an inductee ...

*Best European Actor:

Christoph Clark Christoph Clark (born 9 February 1958) is a French pornographic actor, producer and director. Career Called "perhaps the most popular male star in the French porn industry", Clark was born in France, but after working with figures including Mar ...

- ''Le clown'' by Nils Molitor *Best Foreign Director: John Leslie *Best Foreign Film: ''La Chatte 2'' ;2nd Annual Hot d'Or (1993) *Best European Actress:

Angelica Bella Angelica Bella (born Gabriella Piroska Mészáros; 15 February 1968 – 7 May 2021) was a Hungarian pornographic actress. She worked primarily and enjoyed her greatest popularity in Italy. Career Bella began her career in the adult film indust ...

(

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Cr ...

)'' Hot Vidéo'', "Special Hot D'Or '93", N. 44. June 1993 *Best European Starlet:

Tabatha Cash Tabatha Cash (born 27 December 1973) is a French former pornographic actress and currently the editor in chief of France's ''Hot Vidéo'' magazine as well as the head of the Hot Video group. Career Cash quit school at 15 in Paris and entered th ...

*Best European Director: Michel Ricaud *Best European Film: ''Arabica'' *Best Original Screenplay: ''L'Affaire Savannah'' by Vidéo Marc Dorcel ;3rd Annual Hot d'Or (1994) *Best European Actress: Tabatha Cash (

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

)'' Hot Vidéo'', "Special Hot D'Or '94", N. 55. June 1994 *Best European Starlet: Valy Verdi *Best European Actor: Christophe Clark - ''Délit de Séduction'' by Michel Ricaud *Best European Director: Michel Ricaud *Hot d'Or d'honneur: Zara Whites *Best European Film: ''Délit de Séduction'' by Vidéo Marc Dorcel *Best Original Screenplay: ''Photographic Modelling'' by Xavier Bonastre ;4th Annual Hot d'Or (1995) *Best European Actress: Draghixa (France) - ''Le Parfum de Mathilde'' *Best European Starlet: Barbara Doll *Best French Actress: Coralie *Best American Actress: Ashlyn Gere *Best American Starlet: Chasey Lain *Best European Actor: Christophe Clark - ''Citizen Shane'' by Michel Ricaud with Anita Rinaldi *Best New Director: Rocco Siffredi *Best European Director: Marc Dorcel *Best European Film: ''Citizen Shane'' by Vidéo Marc Dorcel *Best Original Screenplay: ''Le Parfum de Mathilde'' by Vidéo Marc Dorcel *Best Amateur Series: ''L'École de Laetitia'' ;5th Annual Hot d'Or (1996) *Best European Actress: Coralie *Best European Supporting Actress: Élodie Chérie *Best European Starlet: Laure Sinclair *Best American Actress:

Jenna Jameson Jenna Marie Massoli (born April 9, 1974), known professionally as Jenna Jameson (), is an American model, former pornographic film actress, businesswoman, and television personality. She has been named the world's most famous adult entertainme ...

*Best American Starlet: Jenna Jameson *Best European Actor: Rocco Siffredi *Best American Actor: Marc Davis *Best New Actor: David Perry *Best European Director: Marc Dorcel (''The Princess and The Whore'') *Best American Director: Michael Ninn (''Latex'') *Best New Director:

(''Young Widows Lustful'') *Hot d'Or d'honneur: Richard Allan *Best European Film: ''La Princesse et La Pute'' (''The Princess and The Whore'' - Marc Dorcel) *Best American Film: ''Latex'' (Michael Ninn) *Best First French Production: ''Blue Mask'' *Best Lesbian Film: ''Les Chiennes'' (''The Bitches'') *Best Original Screenplay: ''Gigolo'' *Best Cover: ''Le Désir Dans La Peau'' (''Desire In The Skin'') *Best Remake or Adaptation: ''La Princesse et La Pute'' (''The Princess and The Whore'' - Marc Dorcel) *Best American Pro-am Series - Buttman *Best French Pro-Am Series - School of Laetitia *Best Gold AVN American Film - ''Buttman's European Vacation 3'' *Hot Platinum K7 - ''Latex'' ;6th Annual Hot d'Or (1997) *Best European Actress: Laure Sainclair *Best European Supporting Actress: Olivia Del Rio (''La Ruée vers Laure'') *Best European Starlet: Nikki Anderson (''Sweet Lady'') *Best American Actress:

*Best American Starlet:

Kobe Tai Kobe Tai is an American pornographic actress. Pornographic film career Tai was a contract performer with Vivid Entertainment. In 2011, ''Complex'' ranked her first on its list of "The Top 50 Hottest Asian Porn Stars of All Time". Mainstream ap ...

*Best European Actor: Rocco Siffredi *Best Supporting European Actor: Richard Langin *Best American Actor:

Vince Vouyer Vince Vouyer (born John Albert LaForme on June 1, 1966 is a pornographic actor and director. He is sometimes credited as Vince, Vince Voyeur, Vince Voyer, or Vince Voyuer. ''Breakin' 'Em In #9'' won the AVN Award for Best Pro-Am Release at the 2 ...

*Best New Actor: Philippe Dean *Best European Director:

Pierre Woodman Pierre Woodman (born 29 April 1963) is a French pornographic film director. Early life Woodman began working at 16, taking such jobs as bartender, salesman and store clerk. He joined the army at age 17, and later became a policeman. In 1986, ...

(''The Pyramid'') *Best American Director: Michael Ninn (''Body Shock'') *Best New American Director: Kris Kramski (''Sexhibition'') *Best European Film: ''The Pyramid'' (

Private Private or privates may refer to: Music * " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation'' * Private (band), a Denmark-based band * "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...

- Pierre Woodman) *Best American Film: ''Conquest'' *Best French Film - Middle Budget: ''The Magnifix'' *Best Original Screenplay: ''The Pyramid'' *Best Cover: ''The Pyramid'' *Best Pro-Am French Series: ''Les Infirmières de Laetitia'' (''The Laetitia Nurses'') *Best Pro-Am American Series: ''Venom'' *Best Screenplay - Adaptation or Remake: ''Cape Town'' *Platinum Movie 1997: ''The Fugitive'' (Private - Pierre Woodman) *AVN d'Or for Best American Film: '' Ben Dover's Fresh Cheeks'' ;7th Annual Hot d'Or (1998) *Best European Actress: Laure Sainclair (''Les Nuits de la Presidente'' - Video Marc Dorcel) *Best European Supporting Actress: Coralie *Best European Starlet: Jade *Best American Actress:

(''Sexe de Feu, Coeur de Glace'' - Wicked Pictures) *Best American Starlet:

Stacy Valentine Stacy Valentine (born August 9, 1970) is an American former pornographic actress. She is a member of both the AVN and XRCO Halls of Fame.

*Best European Actor:

Roberto Malone Roberto Malone (born October 31, 1956) is an Italian pornographic film actor and director who has appeared in over 375 pornographic films. Although best known under the pseudonym "Roberto Malone", he has also performed under the names of "Bob H ...

*Best European Supporting Actor: Andrew Youngman *Best American Actor:

Mark Davis Mark Davis may refer to: Entertainers *Mark Davis (talk show host), American radio talk show host *Mark Jonathan Davis (born 1965), American actor/singer and creator of Richard Cheese *Mark Davis, American bassist and founding member for the band ...

(''Decadence'' - Michael Ninn) *Best New Actor: Ramon *Best European Director:

*Best New European Director: Anita Rinaldi *Best American Director: Kris Kramski *Best New American Director: Philip Mond ('' Zazel'') *Best European Film: ''Tatiana'' (Private) *Best American Film: ''Lisa'' (Sin City) *Best French Film: ''Bad Boy'' *Best Original Screenplay: ''Tatiana'' *Best Remake or Adaptation: ''La Belle et la Bête'' *Best Box Cover: ''Paris Chic'' ( Andrew Blake) *Best American Pro-Am Series: ''World Sex Tour'' (Anabolic) *Best French Pro-Am Series: ''L’école de Laetitia'' *Hot d'Or d'honneurs: Marc Dorcel, Julia Channel,

, and Internet Entertainment Group (for the release of ''The Pamela Anderson Home Video'' or ''Pam & Tommy Lee - Hardcore & Uncensored'') ;8th Annual Hot d'Or (1999) *Best American Actress: Jill Kelly (''Exile'') *Best European Actress: Nikki Anderson (''L'Enjeu Du Desir'' and ''Rocco Never Dies'')"News From Cannes 1"
Paul Fishbein, ''AVN'', 21 May 1999, Retrieved 2007-12-28, Archived at: *Best European Supporting Actress: Dolly Golden *Best American Starlet: Jewel De'Nyle *Best European Starlet: Kate More *Best American Actor:

*Best European Actor: David Perry (''L'Enjeu Du Desir'') *Best European Supporting Actor: Marc Barrow (''Croupe Du Monde'') *Best New Actor: Ian Scott *Best European Movie: ''L'Enjeu Du Desir'' *Best American Movie: ''Flashpoint'' *Best All-Sex Film: ''Planet Sexxx 2'' *Best French Pro-Am Series: Hongrie Interdite *Best American Pro-Am series: The Voyeur *Best American Director: Michael Ninn *Best European Director: Alain Payet (''Le Labyrinthe'') *Best New European Director: Fred Coppula (''Niqueurs Nes'') *Best New American Director: Gary Sage (''Carnal Obsessions'') *Best Screenplay: Alain Payet *Best Box Cover: ''L'Enjeu Du Desir'' ;9th Annual Hot d'Or (2000) *Best Boxcover: ''L'Esclave des sens'' - VMD *Best Screenplay: ''L'Emmerdeuse'' - Fred Coppula, Blue One *Best Remake or Adaptation: ''Les Tontons Tringleurs'' ( Alain Payet - Blue One) *Best American Starlet:

Tera Patrick Tera Patrick (born Linda Ann Hopkins; July 25, 1976) is an American former pornographic actress and model who was the '' Penthouse'' Pet of the Month for February 2000 and is an inductee of the NightMoves, AVN and XRCO Halls of Fame. She is ...

*Best European Starlet: Meridian *Best French Starlet: Estelle Desanges *Best American Actress: Stacy Valentine *Best European Actress: Laura Angel *Best French Actress: Dolly Golden *Best European Supporting Actor: Marc Barrow, Hotdorix Colmax *Best European Supporting Actress:

Sylvia Saint Silvia Saint, born Silvie Tomčalová (born 12 February 1976) is a former Czech pornographic actress. In 1996 she was '' Penthouse'' Pet of the Year in the Czech edition of the magazine. She has appeared in over 300 pornographic movies. Early ...

(''Le Contrat des Anges'' - Video Marc Dorcel) *Best American Pro-Am Series: The Voyeur - VMD *Best European Pro-Am Series: Euro Anal - Maeva *Best French Amateur Series: Le Fantasmotron - Luxor *Best American Actor: Randy Spears, DMJ 6 Blue One *Best European Actor: Ian Scott - L'Emmerdeuse Dolly Golden, Les Tontons Tringleurs Blue One *Hot d'Or d'honneur:

*Best European New Director: Gabriel Zéro - La Verité si tu bandes!, Lucy *Best American Director: Michael Ninn, Ritual Blue One *Best European Director: Fred Coppula - ''L'Emmerdeuse'', Blue One *AVN d'Or - Best European Release in the US: ''Then Rocco Meats Kelly 2'' - Rocco Siffredi & Evil Angel *Best DVD: ''La Ruée Vers Laure'' - VMD *Platinum Movie (Editors' Choice): ''Machos'' - Blue One *Best French Movie: Middle Budget La Soirée des Connes Patrice Cabanel, JTC *Best American Movie: ''Ritual'' - Michael Ninn, Blue One *Best European Movie: ''L'Emmerdeuse'' - Fred Coppula, Blue One ;10th Annual Hot d'Or (2001) Award winners: *Best Actress - "vote des professionnels": Océane *Best Actor - "vote des professionnels": Sebastian Barrio *Best European Actress: Daniella Rush (''Orgie en noir'') *Best European Supporting Actress: Estelle Desanges (''Project X'') *Best European Starlet: Judith Fox *Best French Actress: Océane (''Project X'') *Best French Starlet: Clara Morgane *Best American Actress:

(''Crossroads'') *Best American Starlet:

Briana Banks Briana Banks (born Briana Bany; 21 May 1978) is a German-American pornographic actress and model. She was the '' Penthouse'' Pet of the Month for June 2001. Early life Banks was born in Munich, Germany to a German father and an American mother. T ...

*Best European Supporting Actor: Marc Barrow (''Profession: Gros Cul'') *Best European Actor: Ian Scott (''Max'') *Best American Actor:

(''Justine's Daughter: Nothing to Hide 3'') *Best Director:

(''Madness'') *Best Director - "vote des professionnels": Fred Coppula (''Max'') *Best Film: ''Stavros'' ( Mario Salieri - Colmax) *Best Film - "vote des professionnels": ''Max'' (Fred Coppula - Blue One) *Best French Film - Middle Budget: ''Stavros'' (Colmax) *Best Original Screenplay: ''Orgie en noir'' ( Ovidie - VMD) *Best Cover: ''Madness'' (Private) *Best Videocassette: ''Soirée de connes'' (Patrice Cabanel) *Hot d'Or d'honneur: :*

Sharon Mitchell Sharon Mitchell is an American sexologist and former pornographic film actor and director. In 1998, she founded the Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation (AIM), which tested over 1,000 adult film performers per month before a 2011 data ...

:* Paul Fishbein :*Ovidie :* Thierry Ardisson *Hot d'Or Hall of Fame: Larry Flynt ;11th Hot d'Or (2009) for the 20th Anniversary of '' Hot Video'' magazine The complete list of winners follows: *Best French Starlet: Angell Summers *Best European Starlet: Black Angelika *Best American Starlet:

Kayden Kross Kayden Kross (born 1985) is an American pornographic actress and director. She is a member of the AVN and XRCO Halls of Fame. Early life Kross grew up in the foothills between Sacramento and Placerville. She has described herself as "the book ...

*Best Adult Website: www.sexyavenue.com *Best French Actress: Katsuni ('' Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge'' -

Digital Playground Digital Playground Inc. is an American pornographic film studio, headquartered in Burbank, California. It has been called one of the five biggest porn studios and, in 2006, was described by Reuters as one of the handful of studios that dominat ...

) *Best European Actress:

Tarra White __NOTOC__ Tarra White (born Martina Mrakviová, 19 November 1987) is a Czech pornographic actress. Biography White was born in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia. At the age of five, White wanted to be a stripper when she grew up and would practice stri ...

(''Billionaire'' -

) *Best American Actress:

Jesse Jane Cindy Taylor (born July 16, 1980) is an American retired pornographic actress and model best known by her stage name Jesse Jane. She is the recipient of numerous awards and nominations over her career in the adult industry, including induction i ...

(''Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge'' - Digital Playground) *Best French Actor: Sebastian Barrio (''Blanche, Alice, Sandy et les autres'' - Alkrys) *Best American Actor: Evan Stone (''Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge'' - Digital Playground) *Best Actress’ Blog: Katsuni - ilovekatsuni.com *Best French Female Performer: Cecilia Vega *Best European Female Performer: Tarra White *Best American Female Performer: Jenna Haze *Best French Director: John B. Root (''Montre-moi du rose'' - JBR Media) *Best European Director:

Alessandro Del Mar Alessandro is both a given name and a surname, the Italian form of the name Alexander. Notable people with the name include: People with the given name Alessandro * Alessandro Allori (1535–1607), Italian portrait painter * Alessandro Baricco ...

(''Billionaire'' - Private) *Best American Director:

(''Fashionistas Safado Berlin'' - Evil Angel/ Marc Dorcel) *Best French Pro-Am Director: Enola Suger and Al Arash (''le Porntour'' - Swipp) *Best European Gonzo Director:

(''Angel Perverse'' - Evil Angel) *Best American Gonzo Director:

Manuel Ferrara Manuel Jeannin (; born 1 November 1975), known professionally as Manuel Ferrara, is a French pornographic actor and director. One of the leading actors in the porn industry, Ferrara has won over 64 adult industry awards including six AVN Awards ...

(''Slutty and Sluttier'' - VCV/Evil Angel) *Best French Male Performer: Manuel Ferrara *Best European Male Performer:

Nacho Vidal Ignacio Jordà González (born 30 December 1973), better known as Nacho Vidal, is a Spanish pornographic performer, director, producer, writer, and camera operator. Early life Ignacio Jordà González was born in Mataró ( Barcelona) in Cata ...

*Best American Male Performer: Lexington Steele *Best French Screenplay: ''Blanche, Alice, Sandy et les autres'' by Christian Lavil (Alkrys) *Best European Screenplay: ''Billionaire'' by Alessandro Del Mar (Private) *Best American Screenplay: ''Pirates II: Stagnetti's Revenge'' by Joone (Digital Playground) *Best French Movie: ''Ritual'' by Moire Candy/ Max Candy (Marc Dorcel) *Best European Movie: ''Billionaire'' by Alessandro Del Mar (Private) *Best American Movie: ''Pirates II: Stagnetti’s Revenge'' by Joone (Digital Playground) Honorary Awards: *Second Sexe *Alpha France * Coralie * Piotr Stanislas * Gérard Kikoïne * Evil Angel * Ovidie and Jack Tyler *

Adam & Eve Adam and Eve, according to the creation myth of the Abrahamic religions, were the first man and woman. They are central to the belief that humanity is in essence a single family, with everyone descended from a single pair of original ancestors. ...

* Estelle Desanges

References

External links

Official Site (in French)

Hot d'Or
Partial list of recipients at the

Internet Movie Database IMDb (an abbreviation of Internet Movie Database) is an online database of information related to films, television series, home videos, video games, and streaming content online – including cast, production crew and personal biographies, ...

Past winners

2009 award winner list
{{adult entertainment awards Pornographic film awards Cannes Film festivals in France