Horqin Right Middle Banner (

Mongolian script The classical or traditional Mongolian script, also known as the , was the first Mongolian alphabet, writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most widespread until the introduction of Cyrillic script, Cyrillic ...

: ; ) is a

banner A banner can be a flag or another piece of cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan or another message. A flag whose design is the same as the shield in a coat of arms (but usually in a square or rectangular shape) is called a banner of arms. Als ...

in the east of

Inner Mongolia Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Its border includes most of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for a ...

, China, bordering

Jilin Jilin (; Postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kirin or Chilin) is one of the three Provinces of China, provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea (Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, R ...

province to the east. It is under the administration of

Hinggan League The Hinggan League (; mn, tr. ''Hinggan Aimag'', Mongol Cyrillic: Хянган аймаг) is a prefecture-level subdivision of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It borders Hulun Buir to the nort ...

. The local Mongolian

dialect The term dialect (from Latin , , from the Ancient Greek word , 'discourse', from , 'through' and , 'I speak') can refer to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena: One usage refers to a variety of a language that is ...

Khorchin Mongolian The Khorchin ( Mongolian ', Chinese 科尔沁 ''Kē'ěrqìn'') dialect is a variety of Mongolian spoken in the east of Inner Mongolia, namely in Hinggan League, in the north, north-east and east of Hinggan and in all but the south of the Tongli ...

. The banner spans an area of 15,613 square kilometers in area, and has a population of 207,380 as of 2020.

Name

"Horqin" in Mongolian translates to "archer". The area was also historically known as the Tushiyetu Banner () and the Ke Right Middle Banner ().

Geography

It borders Horqin Right Front Banner and Tuquan County to the north,

Tongyu County Tongyu () is a county in the northwest of Jilin province, China, bordering Inner Mongolia to the south and west. It is the southernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Baicheng, and has a population of 350,000 residing in an ...

and

Taonan Taonan (), formerly Tao'an County (), is a county-level city of 100,000 in the northwest of Jilin province in Northeast China. It is under the administration of Baicheng prefecture-level city. Administrative Divisions There are 6 subdistricts ...

Jilin Province Jilin (; alternately romanized as Kirin or Chilin) is one of the three provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea ( Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, Ryanggang and Chagang) and Russia (Prim ...

to the east,

Horqin Left Middle Banner Horqin Left Middle Banner ( Mongolian script: ; ), formerly known as Darhan hoshuu, is a banner of eastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering Jilin province to the east. It is under the administration of Tongliao City, ...

to the south, and

Jarud Banner Jarud Banner ( Mongolian: ; ) is a banner of eastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Tongliao City, , and the China National Highway 304 passes through the area. Climate Jarud Banner has a monsoon ...

, Huolinguole and

East Ujimqin Banner East Ujimqin Banner ( Mongolian: ''Jegün Ujumučin qosiɣu''; ) is a banner in the northeast of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Xilin Gol League. Geography and climate Eas ...

to the west. The banner's main rivers include the , the , the Emuting Gol, and the Wunugeqi Gol.

Climate

The average annual temperature is 5.6 °C, and the annual precipitation is typically between 350 and 400 mm.

History

A segment of the runs through the banner. The Jin Dynasty city of Tuliemao () was located in the banner, and its ruins of the city still exist within the banner. Horqin Right Middle Banner was established in 1636.

Administrative divisions

The banner is divided into 6

towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an or ...

, 6 sums, 1 township-level ranch, 1 township-level farm, and 2 township-level mines. The banner's seat of government is the town of . These township-level divisions are then further divided into 173 gaqa and 464 aili ().

Towns

Horqin Right Middle Banner has 6 towns: Bayanhushu, , , , , and .

Sums

Horqin Right Middle Banner has 6 sums: , , , , , and .

Other township-level divisions

In addition to towns and sums, Horqin Right Middle Banner administers a number of special areas with township-level designation.

Budunhua Ranch

The banner is home to , which serves as a township-level division.

Tuliemaodu Farm

The banner is home to , which serves as a township-level division.

Meng'entaoligai Mine Work Unit

The banner is home to the , which serves as a township-level division.

Budunhua Mine Work Unit

The banner is home to the , which serves as a township-level division.

Demographics

The banner has a population of 255,494 people, hailing from 14 different

ethnic groups An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, ...

. The ethnic Mongolian population is dominant in the banner, accounting for 86.6% of the total population, the highest proportion of any banner.

Economy

As of 2016, the banner's GDP totaled 6.596 billion Yuan, government revenue totaled 232 million Yuan, urban per capita

disposable income Disposable income is total personal income minus current income taxes. In national accounts definitions, personal income minus personal current taxes equals disposable personal income. Subtracting personal outlays (which includes the major ...

reached 21,700 Yuan, and rural per capita disposable income reached 7,904 Yuan. The banner's main mineral deposits include

gold Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile ...

, tin,

copper Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pink ...

iron Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from la, ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in ...

lead Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cut, ...

zinc Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodi ...

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when ...

, rare earth minerals,

perlite Perlite is an amorphous volcanic glass that has a relatively high water content, typically formed by the hydration of obsidian. It occurs naturally and has the unusual property of greatly expanding when heated sufficiently. It is an industrial ...

, and

quartz Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica ( silicon dioxide). The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon-oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical f ...

Transportation

The passes through the banner, as does National Highway 110.

References

{{Authority control Banners of Inner Mongolia