The 1994 Hong Kong District Board elections were held on 18 September 1994 for all 18 districts of Hong Kong and 346 members from directly elected constituencies. It was the last district-level elections in the colonial period before the

handover of Hong Kong Sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China (PRC) at midnight on 1 July 1997. This event ended 156 years of British rule in the former colony. Hong Kong was established as a special admini ...

in 1997. It was the first elections to be held after the abolition of the appointed seats as proposed by the new electoral arrangements, as the last step of the democratisation by the then Governor Chris Patten before the handover. Despite set against the British-Chinese dispute over Hong Kong's political reform, the election was influenced by local issues such as bus fares and garbage collection. The turnout of 33.1 per cent, slightly higher than the 32.5 per cent turnout for the 1991 District Board elections. Almost 700,000 votes cast were 60 per cent more than in the previous election and reflect the broader franchise stemming from Patten's reform package. Under the Patten reform package, the voting age was lowered to 18 from 21, appointed members were abolished, and District Board members were given responsibility of filling ten of the 60 Legislative Council seats through Election Committee constituency in the 1995 Legislative Council election. The multiple-member single-constituency electoral method was also changed to

single-member constituency A single-member district is an electoral district represented by a single officeholder. It contrasts with a multi-member district, which is represented by multiple officeholders. Single-member districts are also sometimes called single-winner vot ...

method. The

pro-democracy Democratization, or democratisation, is the transition to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. It may be a hybrid regime in transition from an authoritarian regime to a full ...

alliance, the

United Democrats The United Democrats ( el, Ενωμένοι Δημοκράτες (ΕΔΗ), ''Enomenoi Dimokrates'' (EDI)) is a liberal political party in Cyprus. The party was founded by former President of Cyprus George Vasiliou in 1993 as ''Kinima Elefther ...

–

Meeting Point Meeting Point ( Chinese: 匯點) was a liberal political organisation and party in Hong Kong formed by a group of former student activists in the 1970s and intellectuals for the discussion for the Sino-British negotiation on the question of Hon ...

, which was undergoing the merger plan of creating the

Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to: *Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to: Active parties Africa *Botswana Democratic Party *Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea *Gabonese Democratic Party *Demo ...

, captured the lead with 75 seats (77 seats in some other materials) and teamed up with smaller pro-democracy parties to gain control of five of the 18 District Boards,

Central and Western District The Central and Western District () located on northwestern part of Hong Kong Island is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. It had a population of 243,266 in 2016. The district has the most educated residents with the secon ...

Sham Shui Po District Sham Shui Po District is one of 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is the poorest district in Hong Kong, with a predominantly working-class population of 405,869 in 2016 and the lowest median household income of all districts. Sham Shui Po has long ...

and

Kwun Tong District Kwun Tong is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is located in Kowloon, and is the easternmost and southernmost district in Kowloon. It had a population of 648,541 in 2016. The district has the second highest population in Hong Kong, af ...

in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon, and

Tuen Mun District Tuen Mun District is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. It is the westernmost continental district of Hong Kong. It had a population of 487,546 in 2011. Part of the district is the Tuen Mun New Town (or simply Tuen Mun), ...

and

Kwai Tsing District Kwai Tsing is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It consists of two parts - Kwai Chung and Tsing Yi Island. Kwai Tsing is part of the New Territories. It had a population of 520,572 in 2016. The district has the third least educated res ...

in the New Territories. The biggest

pro-Beijing The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) t ...

party, the

Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) is a pro-Beijing conservative political party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Starry Lee and holding 13 Legislative Council seats, it is currently the largest party in the ...

(DAB) won 37 seats, doing better than expected, while conservative, pro-business candidates of the

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

, the

Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong The Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 自民聯; LDF) was a pro-Beijing pro-business and conservative political party in Hong Kong. It was established in 1990, and was composed of mainly conservative businessmen and pr ...

(LDF) and the

Hong Kong Progressive Alliance The Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) was a pro-Beijing, pro-business political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in 1994 and was merged into the Democratic Alliance ...

came in below expectations with 30 seats. After the elections, Beijing appointed 200 District Affairs Advisers as the part of establishing a political structure parallel to that of the British one, as it claimed that Patten's reform violated the constitution and Sino-British agreements. After the handover, the 1994 elected District Boards transformed into 18 Provisional District Boards with the reintroduction of the appointed seats by

Chief Executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...

Tung Chee-hwa Tung Chee-hwa (; born 7 July 1937) is a Hong Kong businessman and politician who served as the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong between 1997 and 2005, upon the transfer of sovereignty on 1 July. He is currently a vice-chairman of the Chin ...

. The Provisional District Boards were replaced by the District Councils elected in 1999.

Results

General outcome

, - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" colspan=3 , Political Affiliation ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , Popular vote ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , Standing ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , Elected ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" , ± , - , style="background-color:Pink;border-bottom-style:hidden;" rowspan="15" , , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, 81,126 , , 11.82 , , 83 , , 37 , , 12 , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, 50,755 , , 7.39 , , 89 , , 18 , , 6 , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" ,

, 25,499 , , 3.72 , , 28 , , 11 , , 5 , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Civil Force Civil Force () is a district-based pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong. Since 2014, the Civil Force has entered an alliance with the New People's Party of Regina Ip. Headed by chairman Pun Kwok-shan, it had its stronghold in the Sha Tin a ...

, 12,141 , , 1.77 , , 10 , , 10 , , 7 , - , style="background-color:#007034", , style="text-align:left;" , East Kowloon District Residents' Committee , 9,197 , , 1.34 , , 11 , , 8 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:#9E5238", , style="text-align:left;" , Kwun Tong Man Chung Friendship Promotion Association , 11,952 , , 1.74 , , 12 , , 7 , , 2 , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , United Front for the Service of the People , 9,720 , , 1.42 , , 8 , , 4 , , , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , Public Affairs Society , 6,982 , , 1.02 , , 15 , , 2 , , 1 , - , style="background-color:#E21C2A", , style="text-align:left;" , Kowloon City District Residence Association , 1,486 , , 0.22 , , 2 , , 2 , , - , - , style="background-color:#00652E", , style="text-align:left;" , Sham Shui Po Residents Association , 332 , , 0.05 , , 3 , , 2 , , - , - , style="background-color:#810002", , style="text-align:left;" , Mongkok District Residence Association , 1,450 , , 0.21 , , 2 , , 1 , , - , - , style="background-color:#44B5AF", , style="text-align:left;" , Tai Po District Residence Association , 3,325 , , 0.48 , , 4 , , 1 , , - , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, 3,288 , , 0.48 , , 7 , , 1 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:Black", , style="text-align:left;" , New Territories West Residents Association , 2,187 , , 0.32 , , 5 , , 1 , , 1 , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , Pro-China independents and others , 151,436 , , 22.08 , , 162 , , 90 , , , - , - style="background-color:Pink" , colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" , Total for pro-China and conservative parties and allies , , 371,455 , , 54.12 , , 442 , , 196 , , 23 , - , style="background-color:LightGreen;border-bottom-style:hidden;" rowspan="11", , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

–

, 157,929 , , 23.01 , , 133 , , 75 , , 26 , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood The Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) is a Hong Kong pro-democracy social-liberal political party catering to grassroots interest with a strong basis in Sham Shui Po. Established on 26 October 1986, it was one ...

, 47,731 , , 6.95 , , 40 , , 29 , , 12 , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

123 Democratic Alliance 123 Democratic Alliance ( Chinese: 一二三民主聯盟) was a pro-Kuomintang political party in Hong Kong. Established in 1994 by a group of pro-Taiwan, pro-democracy and pro-business politicians, it aims at striving for the unification of ...

, 15,527 , , 2.26 , , 20 , , 6 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" ,

Hong Kong Democratic Foundation The Hong Kong Democratic Foundation (; HKDF) is a Hong Kong public policy think tank established initially as a political party on 27 October 1989. The Foundation was founded in the run up to the first Legislative Council direct elections of 19 ...

, 4,048 , , 0.59 , , 5 , , 3 , , 0 , - , style="background-color:Green", , style="text-align:left;" , Kowloon City Observers , 5,164 , , 0.75 , , 6 , , 2 , , 1 , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , Hong Kong Public Doctors' Association , 3,273 , , 0.48 , , 3 , , 2 , , - , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions The Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU) was a pro-democracy labour and political group in the Hong Kong. It was established on 29 July 1990. It had 160,000 members in 61 affiliates (mainly trade unions in various sectors) and rep ...

, 2,850 , , 0.42 , , 2 , , 2 , , - , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union , 2,127 , , 0.31 , , 1 , , 1 , , - , - , width=1px style="background-color: " , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre The Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC) is a pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong, holding one seat in the Legislative Council from 1995 to 1997, and since 1998. It was founded in 1985, with its roots in the New Youth Study S ...

, 859 , , 0.13 , , 3 , , 1 , , 1 , - , style="background-color:Red", , style="text-align:left;" , Pioneer , 387 , , 0.06 , , 1 , , 0 , , - , - , style="background-color:", , style="text-align:left;" , Independent democrats and others , 40,803 , , 5.94 , , 35 , , 25 , , , -style="background-color:LightGreen" , colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" , Total for pro-democracy parties and allies , , 280,698 , , 40.89 , , 249 , , 146 , , 48 , - , - style="background-color:#DDDDDD;" , colspan=3 style="text-align:left;" , Total for others , , 34,255 , , 4.99 , , 66 , , 4 , , 2 , - , style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="3", Total (turnout 33.1%) , width="75" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9", 686,408 , width="30" style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9", 100.0 , style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9", 757 , style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9", 346 , style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9", 73

Results by district

Vote summary

Seat summary

References

{{Hong Kong elections 1994 elections in Asia 1994 in Hong Kong

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson ...

1994 elections in British Overseas Territories September 1994 events in Asia