Homology may refer to:

Sciences

Biology

Homology (biology) In biology, homology is similarity due to shared ancestry between a pair of structures or genes in different taxa. A common example of homologous structures is the forelimbs of vertebrates, where the wings of bats and birds, the arms of prima ...

, any characteristic of biological organisms that is derived from a common ancestor * Sequence homology, biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences *

Homologous chromosome A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. Homologs have the same genes in the same loci where they provide points alon ...

s, chromosomes in a biological cell that pair up (synapse) during meiosis *

Homologous recombination Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which genetic information is exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of double-stranded or single-stranded nucleic acids (usually DNA as in cellular organisms but may ...

, genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between molecules of DNA *

Homologous desensitization Homologous desensitization occurs when a receptor decreases its response to an agonist at high concentration. It is a process through which, after prolonged agonist exposure, the receptor is uncoupled from its signaling cascade and thus the cel ...

, a receptor decreases its response to a signalling molecule when that agonist is in high concentration *

Homology modeling Homology modeling, also known as comparative modeling of protein, refers to constructing an atomic-resolution model of the "''target''" protein from its amino acid sequence and an experimental three-dimensional structure of a related homologous pr ...

, a method of protein structure prediction

Chemistry

Homology (chemistry) In chemistry, homology is the appearance of homologues. A homologue (also spelled as homolog) is a compound belonging to a series of compounds differing from each other by a repeating unit, such as a methylene bridge −−, a peptide residue, ...

, the relationship between compounds in a homologous series * Homologous series, a series of organic compounds having different quantities of a repeated unit *

Homologous temperature Homologous temperature expresses the thermodynamic temperature of a material as a fraction of the thermodynamic temperature of its melting point (i.e. using the Kelvin scale): T_H = \frac For example, the homologous temperature of lead at room ...

, the temperature of a material as a fraction of its absolute melting point *

Homologation reaction In organic chemistry, a homologation reaction, also known as homologization, is any chemical reaction that converts the reactant into the next member of the homologous series. A homologous series is a group of compounds that differ by a constant ...

, a chemical reaction which produces the next logical member of a homologous series

Other sciences

* Homology (anthropology), analogy between human beliefs, practices or artifacts owing to genetic or historical connections *

Homology (psychology) Homology in psychology, as in biology, refers to a relationship between characteristics that reflects the characteristics' origins in either evolution or development. Homologous behaviors can theoretically be of at least two different varieties. A ...

, behavioral characteristics that have common origins in either evolution or development **

Homologous behaviors Homology in psychology, as in biology, refers to a relationship between characteristics that reflects the characteristics' origins in either evolution or development. Homologous behaviors can theoretically be of at least two different varieties. A ...

, behaviors typical of species that share a common ancestor that was characterized by that behavior OR behaviors in an individual that share common origins in development *

Homology (sociology) Homologies are "structural 'resonances'...between the different elements making up a socio-cultural whole." (Middleton 1990, p. 9) Examples include Alan Lomax's cantometrics, which: :Distinguishes ten musical styles, dealing most fully with E ...

, a structural resonance between the different elements making up a socio-cultural whole

Mathematics

* Homology (mathematics), a procedure to associate a sequence of abelian groups or modules with a given mathematical object * Homological algebra, a branch of mathematics

Other uses

* Homologation, from the ancient Greek "to agree", to indicate the approval of a sanctioning body *

Homologation (motorsport) In motorsports, homologation is the type approval process through which a vehicle, a race track, or a standardised part is required to go for certification to race in a given league or series. The process of testing and certification for confor ...