|
Home automation
Contents 1 History 2 Applications and technologies 3 Implementations 4 Criticism and controversies 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References History[edit] Early home automation began with labor-saving machines. Self-contained electric or gas powered home appliances became viable in the 1900s with the introduction of electric power distribution[6] and led to the introduction of washing machines (1904), water heaters (1889), refrigerators, sewing machines, dishwashers, and clothes dryers. In 1975, the first general purpose home automation network technology, X10, was developed. It is a communication protocol for electronic devices. It primarily uses electric power transmission wiring for signalling and control, where the signals involve brief radio frequency bursts of digital data, and remains the most widely available.[7] By 1978, X10 products included a 16 channel command console, a lamp module, and an appliance module. Soon after came the wall switch module and the first X10 timer. By 2012, in the United States, according to ABI Research, 1.5 million home automation systems were installed.[8] According to Li et al. (2016) there are three generations of home automation:[9] First generation: wireless technology with proxy server, e.g. Zigbee automation; Second generation: artificial intelligence controls electrical devices, e.g. Amazon Echo; Third generation: robot buddy who interacts with humans, e.g. Robot Rovio, Roomba. The word "domotics" (and "domotica" when used as a verb) is a contraction of the Latin word for a home (domus) and the word robotics.[1] Applications and technologies[edit] Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC): it is possible to
have remote control of all home energy monitors over the internet
incorporating a simple and friendly user interface.[10][11]
Lighting control system
Occupancy-aware control system: it is possible to sense the occupancy
of the home using smart meters[12] and environmental sensors like CO2
sensors,[13] which can be integrated into the building automation
system to trigger automatic responses for energy efficiency and
building comfort applications.
Appliance control and integration with the smart grid and a smart
meter, taking advantage, for instance, of high solar panel output in
the middle of the day to run washing machines.[14][15]
Security: a household security system integrated with a home
automation system can provide additional services such as remote
surveillance of security cameras over the Internet, or central locking
of all perimeter doors and windows.[16]
Leak detection, smoke and CO detectors[17][18]
Indoor positioning systems
Home automation
Implementations[edit] Internet enabled cat feeder In a review of home automation devices,
Consumer Reports
A WiFi network connected to the internet can be vulnerable to hacking. Technology is still in its infancy, and consumers could invest in a system that becomes abandonware. In 2014, Google bought the company selling the Revolv Hub home automation system, integrated it with Nest and in 2016 shut down the servers Revolv Hub depended on, rendering the hardware useless.[21]
Microsoft Research found in 2011, that home automation could involve
high cost of ownership, inflexibility of interconnected devices, and
poor manageability.[22]
Historically systems have been sold as complete systems where the
consumer relies on one vendor for the entire system including the
hardware, the communications protocol, the central hub, and the user
interface. However, there are now open source software systems which
can be used with proprietary hardware.[22]
Criticism and controversies[edit]
Home automation
Domestic patch panel, unstructured. Well and booster pump automation An ad for the Kitchen Computer in 1969. See also[edit] Home improvement portal Home portal
Home automation
References[edit] ^ a b Hill, Jim (12 September 2015). "The smart home: a glossary guide
for the perplexed". T3. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
^ "Best Home Automation System - Consumer Reports".
www.consumerreports.org. Retrieved 2016-02-14.
^ "5 Open Source Home Automation Projects We Love". Fast Company.
2014-12-01. Retrieved 2016-11-22.
^
Wireless
v t e Home automation System Elements Actuators Hardware controllers Sensors Interconnection type Wired Cable (xDSL) Optical fiber Powerline PLCBUS
Universal powerline bus
Wireless Radio frequency Bluetooth
Bluetooth
Infrared
Both Insteon KNX Network technologies, by function Device interconnection Bluetooth
Bluetooth
Control and automation AllJoyn
Bus SCS
Data networking Ethernet HomePlug HomePNA Wi-Fi Tasks Audio and video Heating, ventilation and air conditioning Lighting control system Other systems Robotics Security Thermostat automation Other Costs Mesh networking Organizations Smart grid See also Home of the future Building automation Floor plan Home automation Home energy monitor Home network Home server House navigation system INTEGER Millennium House The House of the Future Ubiquitous computing Xanadu Houses v t e Robotics Main articles Outline Glossary Index History Future Geography Hall of Fame Ethics Laws AI competitions Types Anthropomorphic Humanoid Android Cyborg Claytronics Animatronic Industrial Articulated arm Domestic Entertainment Juggling Military Medical Service Disability Agricultural Food service Retailing BEAM robotics Soft robotics Uncrewed vehicle Classifications Aerial vehicle Ground vehicle Mobile robot navigation Microbotics Nanorobotics Robotic spacecraft Space probe Swarm Underwater Locomotion Tracks Walking Hexapod Climbing Self-balancing unicycle Research Evolutionary Kits Simulator Suite Open-source Software Adaptable Developmental Paradigms Ubiquitous Related Technological unemployment Fictional robots Category Portal v t e Emerging technologies Fields Agriculture Agricultural robot Closed ecological systems Cultured meat Genetically modified food Precision agriculture Vertical farming Architecture Arcology Building printing Contour crafting Domed city Biomedical Artificial uterus Ampakine Brain transplant Cryonics Cryoprotectant Cryopreservation Vitrification Suspended animation De-extinction Genetic engineering Gene therapy Head transplant Isolated brain Life extension Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence Nanomedicine Nanosensors Personalized medicine Regenerative medicine Stem-cell therapy Tissue engineering Robot-assisted surgery Synthetic biology Synthetic genomics Virotherapy Oncolytic virus Tricorder Whole genome sequencing Displays Next generation FED FLCD iMoD Laser LPD OLED OLET QD-LED SED TPD TDEL TMOS Screenless Bionic contact lens Head-mounted display Head-up display Optical head-mounted display Virtual retinal display Other Autostereoscopy Flexible display Holographic display Computer-generated holography Multi-primary color display Ultra HD Volumetric display Electronics Electronic nose E-textiles Flexible electronics Molecular electronics Nanoelectromechanical systems Memristor Spintronics Thermal copper pillar bump Energy Production Airborne wind turbine Artificial photosynthesis Biofuels Carbon-neutral fuel Concentrated solar power Fusion power Home fuel cell Hydrogen economy Methanol economy Molten salt reactor Nantenna Photovoltaic pavement Space-based solar power Vortex engine Storage Beltway battery Compressed air energy storage Flywheel energy storage Grid energy storage Lithium–air battery Molten-salt battery Nanowire battery Research in lithium-ion batteries Silicon–air battery Thermal energy storage Ultracapacitor Other Smart grid
Wireless
Information and communications Ambient intelligence Internet of things Artificial intelligence Applications of artificial intelligence Progress in artificial intelligence Machine translation Mobile translation Machine vision Semantic Web Speech recognition Atomtronics
Carbon nanotube
3D optical data storage Holographic data storage GPGPU Memory CBRAM FRAM Millipede MRAM NRAM PRAM Racetrack memory RRAM SONOS Optical computing RFID Chipless RFID Software-defined radio Three-dimensional integrated circuit Manufacturing 3D printing Claytronics Molecular assembler Utility fog Materials science Aerogel Amorphous metal Artificial muscle Conductive polymer Femtotechnology Fullerene Graphene High-temperature superconductivity High-temperature superfluidity Linear acetylenic carbon Metamaterials
Metamaterial
Metal foam Multi-function structures Nanotechnology Carbon nanotubes Molecular nanotechnology Nanomaterials Picotechnology Programmable matter Quantum dots Silicene Superalloy Synthetic diamond Military Antimatter weapon Caseless ammunition Directed-energy weapon Laser Maser Particle-beam weapon Sonic weapon Coilgun Railgun Plasma weapon Pure fusion weapon Stealth technology Vortex ring gun Neuroscience Artificial brain Brain–computer interface Electroencephalography Mind uploading Brain-reading Neuroinformatics Neuroprosthetics Bionic eye Brain implant Exocortex Retinal implant Quantum Quantum algorithms
Quantum amplifier
Quantum bus
Quantum channel
Quantum circuit
Quantum complexity theory
Quantum computing
Quantum cryptography
Quantum dynamics
Quantum electronics
Quantum error correction
Quantum imaging
Quantum information
Quantum key distribution
Quantum logic
Quantum logic gates
Quantum machine
Quantum machine
Robotics Domotics Nanorobotics Powered exoskeleton Self-reconfiguring modular robot Swarm robotics Uncrewed vehicle Space science Launch Fusion rocket Non-rocket spacelaunch Mass driver Orbital ring Skyhook Space elevator Space fountain Space tether Reusable launch system Propulsion Beam-powered propulsion
Ion thruster
Laser
Helicon thruster VASIMR Nuclear pulse propulsion Solar sail Other Interstellar travel Propellant depot Transport Aerial Adaptive compliant wing Backpack helicopter Delivery drone Flying car High-altitude platform Jet pack Pulse detonation engine Scramjet Spaceplane Supersonic transport Land Airless tire Alternative fuel vehicle Hydrogen vehicle Driverless car
Ground effect train
Maglev
Pipeline Pneumatic transport Automated vacuum collection Other Anti-gravity Cloak of invisibility Digital scent technology Force field Plasma window Immersive virtual reality Magnetic refrigeration Phased-array optics Topics Collingridge dilemma Differential technological development Disruptive Innovation Ephemeralization Exploratory engineering Fictional technology Proactionary principle Technological change Technological unemployment Technological convergence Technological evolution Technological paradigm Technology forecasting Accelerating change Moore's law Technological singularity Technology scouting Technology readiness level Technology roadmap Transhumanism Category List Authority control |
