Historical annual reformulations of the influenza vaccine
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Since 1999, the
World Health Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level o ...
(WHO) has issued annual recommendations for influenza vaccine formulations. One reformulation of the influenza vaccine is for the
Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...
, and the other is for the Southern Hemisphere. Both recommendations are trivalent, i.e. featuring three strains. Since the 2012–13 season, the WHO recommendations have also included the formulation of an annual quadrivalent vaccine, featuring an additional B- strain. __TOC__


Northern hemisphere recommended strains

The following is a list of WHO recommended strains for the Northern Hemisphere influenza season. Starting in the 2012–2013 season, the recommendation shifted from a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) containing three strains to a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) that contains both influenza B lineages.


Southern hemisphere recommended strains

The following is a list of WHO recommended strains for the southern hemisphere influenza season.


See also

*
2009 flu pandemic vaccine The 2009 swine flu pandemic vaccines were influenza vaccines developed to protect against the pandemic H1N1/09 virus. These vaccines either contained inactivated (killed) influenza virus, or weakened live virus that could not cause influenza. The ...


Notes


References

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Influenza vaccine Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies f ...
Influenza vaccine Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies f ...
Influenza vaccines Vaccine, Influenza
Influenza vaccine Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies f ...
Vaccines