Hiodontiformes is an order of

ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...

consisting of the two living species of the

mooneye Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

family,

Hiodontidae Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

, and three extinct

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

. These are traditionally classified within the order

Osteoglossiformes Osteoglossiformes (Greek: "bony tongues") is a relatively primitive order of ray-finned fish that contains two sub-orders, the Osteoglossoidei and the Notopteroidei. All of at least 245 living species inhabit freshwater. They are found in South ...

, a placement some authorities still follow. Fossil study of the extinct genus ''Yanbiania'' suggests that the hiodontids separated from other

osteoglossomorph Osteoglossomorpha is a group of bony fish in the Teleostei. Notable members A notable member is the arapaima (''Arapaima gigas''), the largest freshwater fish in South America and one of the largest bony fishes alive. Other notable members incl ...

s early and thus may deserve a separate order.

Taxonomy

* Order Hiodontiformes McAllister 1968 sensu Taverne 1979 ** Genus †'' Chetungichthys'' Chang & Chou 1977 *** †''Chetungichthys brevicephalus'' Chang & Chou 1977 *** †''Chetungichthys dalinghensis'' Su 1991 ** Genus †'' Yanbiania'' Li 1987 *** †''Yanbiania wangqingica'' Li 1987 ** Genus †'' Plesiolycoptera'' Zhang & Zhou 1976 *** †''Plesiolycoptera daqingensis'' Zhang & Zhou 1976 *** †''Plesiolycoptera parvus'' ((Sytchevskaya, 1986) (syn ''Eohiodon (Gobihiodon) parvus'' Sytchevskaya, 1986) ** Family

(mooneyes) Valenciennes 1846 sensu stricto *** Genus ''

Hiodon Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

'' Lesueur 1818 syn: ''Amphiodon'' Rafinesque 1819 non Huber 1909; ''Hiodon'' (''Amphiodon'') (Rafinesque 1819); ''Hiodon'' (''Clodalus'') Rafinesque 1820; ''Clodalus'' (Rafinesque 1820); ''Hiodon'' (''Elattonistius'') Gill & Jordan ex Jordan 1877; ''Elattonistius'' (Gill & Jordan ex Jordan 1877); ''Glossodon'' Rafinesque 1818 non Heckel 1843; ''Eohiodon'' Cavender 1966) **** ''

Hiodon alosoides The goldeye (''Hiodon alosoides'') is a freshwater fish found in Canada and the northern United States. It is one of only two extant species in the family Hiodontidae, the other species being ''Hiodon tergisus''. The species name ''alosoides'' ...

'' (goldeye) (Rafinesque 1819) **** †''

Hiodon consteniorum Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

'' Li & Wilson 1994 **** †''

Hiodon falcatus Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

'' (Grande, 1979) (syn ''Eohiodon falcatus'' (Grande, 1979)) **** †''

Hiodon rosei Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

'' (Hussakof 1916) (syn ''Eohiodon rosei'' (Hussakof 1916); ''Leucisus rosei'' Hussakof, 1916) **** ''

Hiodon tergisus ''Hiodon tergisus'', the mooneye, is a freshwater fish that is widespread across eastern North America. Anatomy and appearance ''H. tergisus'' is characterized by its silvery appearance, strongly compressed deep body, and keel that extends from ...

'' (mooneye) Lesueur 1818 **** †''

Hiodon woodruffi ''Hiodon woodruffi'' is an extinct species of bony fish in the mooneye family, Hiodontidae. The species is known from fossils found in the early Eocene deposits of northern Washington state in the United States and late Eocene deposits in northw ...

'' Wilson, 1978 **** †''

Hiodon shuyangensis Hiodontidae, commonly called mooneyes, is a family of ray-finned fish with a single included genus ''Hiodon''. The genus comprise two living species native to North America and three to five extinct species recorded from Paleocene to Eocene age ...

'' Shen 1989(''nom dubium'', possibly an immature ''

Phareodus ''Phareodus'' is a genus of freshwater fish from the Paleocene to the Eocene of Australia, Europe and North and South America. This genus includes at least four species,1997 "The species of †Phareodus (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) from the Eoce ...

'')

References

External links

Tree of Life entry for Hiodontiformes
{{Taxonbar, from=Q133915 Ray-finned fish orders