Hijaz scale
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In music, the Phrygian dominant scale is the fifth mode of the harmonic minor scale, the fifth being the dominant.Dave Hunter (2005). ''Play Acoustic'', San Francisco: Backbeat, p. 226. . Also called the
persian scale The Persian scale is a musical scale occasionally found in guitar scale books, along with other scales inspired by Middle Eastern music. It is characterized by the liberal use of half steps (4), augmented seconds (2), and frequent use of chromatic ...
, altered Phrygian scale, dominant flat 2 flat 6 (in jazz), the Freygish scale (also spelled FraigishDick Weissman, Dan Fox (2009). ''A Guide to Non-Jazz Improvisation'', guitar edition, Pacific, Missouri: Mel Bay, p. 130. .), harmonic dominant, or simply the fifth mode of the harmonic minor scale. It resembles the scale of the
Phrygian mode The Phrygian mode (pronounced ) can refer to three different musical modes: the ancient Greek ''tonos'' or ''harmonia,'' sometimes called Phrygian, formed on a particular set of octave species or scales; the Medieval Phrygian mode, and the modern ...
but has a major third. In the
Berklee method In music performance and education, the Berklee method is the music theory, terminology, and practice taught at Berklee College of Music, the largest independent college of contemporary music in the world. The "Berklee method" was founded by Lawrenc ...
, it is known as the Mixolydian 9 13 chord scale, a Mixolydian scale with a lowered 9th (2nd) and lowered 13th (6th), used in secondary dominant chord scales for V7/III and V7/VI. Bebop jazz pianist Barry Harris added a note to the scale and describes it as: For ii V in F minor (G-7b5 C7b9), play down from the 7th of the Eb7 dominant scale ( Mixolydian) to E the 3rd of C7”. Harris nicknamed this eight tone scale “the minor’s five”. He considered it to be the ideal melodic trajectory to react from when improvising a line over ii V in minor. Being eight tones it has the advantage of placing the chord tones on the beats which enables a melody to reinforce the underlying harmony. It also eliminates the harsh augmented 2nd melodic interval found between the b6 and 7th tone 5th in a harmonic minor scale. Another advantage is that gives improvisers access to their often more familiar dominant scale (Mixolydian) vocabulary. Barry Harris further recognized that its descending form has an especially melodic quality rather than being played up from its root. Harris said he had noticed this ideal descending permutation being played many times by Charlie Parker on such tunes as “ What Is This Thing Called Love?” with its G-7b5 C7b9 chords. :


Traditional use

This scale occurs in Indian,
Middle Eastern The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (European ...
, Eastern European, Central Asian, and flamenco music. It is common in Arabic and Egyptian music, in which it is called ''Hijaz-Nahawand'' or ''Hijaz
maqam MAQAM is a US-based production company specializing in Arabic and Middle Eastern media. The company was established by a small group of Arabic music and culture lovers, later becoming a division of 3B Media Inc. "MAQAM" is an Arabic word meaning a ...
'', and used in
Hebrew prayers Listed below are some Hebrew language, Hebrew Jewish services, prayers and Berakhah, blessings that are part of Judaism that are recited by many Jews. Most prayers and blessings can be found in the Siddur, or prayer book. This article addresses J ...
and
Klezmer Klezmer ( yi, קלעזמער or ) is an instrumental musical tradition of the Ashkenazi Jews of Central and Eastern Europe. The essential elements of the tradition include dance tunes, ritual melodies, and virtuosic improvisations played for l ...
music, where it is known as ''Ahava Rabbah'', ''Freygish'' or just the "Jewish scale", and is called ''Dastgāh-e Homāyoun'' in Iran. It is the most common scale in North Indian classical
raga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradit ...
''Hijaz Bhairav (Basant Mukhari)'' and South Indian raga ''
Vakulabharanam Vakulabharanam (pronounced ) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 14th ''melakarta'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Dhātivasantabhairavi''Ragas in C ...
''. It is sometimes called the ''Spanish Phrygian scale'', ''Spanish Gypsy scale'' (see:
gypsy scale The term ''Gypsy scale'' refers to one of several musical scales named after their support of and association with Romani or "Gypsy" music: * Double harmonic scale (major), the fifth mode of Hungarian minor, or Double Harmonic minor, scale, also kn ...
) or ''Phrygian major scale'' (see:
phrygian mode The Phrygian mode (pronounced ) can refer to three different musical modes: the ancient Greek ''tonos'' or ''harmonia,'' sometimes called Phrygian, formed on a particular set of octave species or scales; the Medieval Phrygian mode, and the modern ...
and major scale) and is common in flamenco music. It can also be found in traditional Spanish songs outside flamenco, everywhere in Spain to varying amounts, but especially in southern and central areas of the country, often being also known as ''escala andaluza'' (''Andalusian scale'') in Spanish. Related scales in Spanish traditional music with chromatic notes in the second degree, varying between a semitone and a tone, are also known as "gama española" ("Spanish gamut") or "gama de Castilla y León" (gamut of Castile and León) and, though found all over Spain, are particularly common in Castilian and Leonese traditional songs. The flatted second and the augmented
step Step(s) or STEP may refer to: Common meanings * Stairs#Step, Steps, making a staircase * Walking * Dance move * Military step, or march ** Marching Arts Films and television * Steps (TV series), ''Steps'' (TV series), Hong Kong * Step (film), ' ...
between the second and third degrees of the scale create its distinctive sound. Examples include some versions of "
Hava Nagila Hava Nagila ( he, הָבָה נָגִילָה, ''Hāvā Nāgīlā'', "Let us rejoice") is a Jewish folk song. It is traditionally sung at celebrations, such as weddings. Written in 1918, it quickly spread through the Jewish diaspora. History ...
" and "
Misirlou "Misirlou" ( el, Μισιρλού < tr, Mısırlı 'Egyptian' < ar, مصر ''Miṣr'' 'Egypt') is a folk song from the Eastern Mediterranean region. The original author of the song is not known, but Arabic, Greek, and Jewish musicians wer ...
", while other versions of those melodies use the closely related " double harmonic scale". The main chords derived from this scale are I, bII, iv, and
vii VII or vii may refer to: the Roman numeral 7 Art and entertainment * The Vii, a video game console * vii, leading-tone triad, see diminished triad * ''VII'' (Blitzen Trapper album) * ''VII'' (Just-Ice album) * ''VII'' (Teyana Taylor album) * ...
.


Composition

The sequence of
step Step(s) or STEP may refer to: Common meanings * Stairs#Step, Steps, making a staircase * Walking * Dance move * Military step, or march ** Marching Arts Films and television * Steps (TV series), ''Steps'' (TV series), Hong Kong * Step (film), ' ...
s forming the Phrygian dominant scale is: * halfaugmented second – half – whole – half – whole – whole When related to the scale degrees of the major scale, it reads: :1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 1 Written in semitones, the sequence is: :1312122 Beginning on C, the scale is: :C – D – E – F – G – A – B – C When the Freygish scale is used in Klezmer music, the sixth degree may be left unflatted if it is melodically approached and left from above,Ilana Cravitz (January 2004
Klezmer – Modes and Scales
, ''ManchesterKlezmer.org'' at archive.org (Accessed 23 November 2014).
or the seventh degree may be raised as well.


Phrygian Dominant 7 scale and Phrygian Major Lydian 7 scale

This is the 5th mode of the Harmonic Minor 4 scale. It goes like this:C Db E F G Ab Bbb. Chords that may be derived from the Phrygian Dominant 7 scale based on C are C6, Db, Bbb7, Fm, F, Bbbm, G7sus2b5, Abaug, and Bbbaug. The other scale is the 3rd mode of the Scala Enigmatica Descending scale. It goes like this:C Db E F# G Ab Bbb. Chords that may be derived from the Phrygian Major Lydian 7 scale based on C are C6, Dbsus4, Bbb7, F#7sus2b5, F#m7b5, Bbbm, Bbb, F#m7, Gmaj7sus2b5, and Abaug.


Phrygian Major Lydian scale

This is the 4th mode of the
Neapolitan major In music, the major Neapolitan scale and the minor Neapolitan scale are two musical scales. Both scales are minor, in that they both contain the note a minor third above the root. The major and minor Neapolitan scales are instead differentiated b ...
5 scale. It goes like this:C Db E F# G Ab Bb. Chords that may be derived from the Phrygian Major Lydian scale based on C are C7, Dbsus4, Edim7, F#7sus2b5, GmM7b5, F#7b5, Abaug, F#7, Bbm7b5, and Abaug.


See also

*
Minor gypsy scale The term ''Gypsy scale'' refers to one of several musical scales named after their support of and association with Romani or "Gypsy" music: * Double harmonic scale (major), the fifth mode of Hungarian minor, or Double Harmonic minor, scale, also kn ...
*
Hungarian minor scale The Hungarian minor scale,Christiansen, Mike (2000). ''Guitar Scale Dictionary'', p. 14. .Stetina, Troy (2007). ''Fretboard Mastery'', p. 126. .Kent Cleland, Mary Dobrea-Grindahl (2010). ''Developing Musicianship Through Aural Skills'', p. 495. Ca ...
*
Ukrainian Dorian scale In music, the Romanian Minor scale or Ukrainian Dorian scale or altered Dorian scaleIdelsohn (1929). ''Jewish Music in Its Historical Development'' and Beregovski (Russian- and Yiddish-language articles) cited in Slobin, Mark (2002). ''American K ...
*
Flamenco mode In music theory, the flamenco mode (also Major-Phrygian) is a harmonized mode or scale abstracted from its use in flamenco music. In other words, it is the collection of pitches in ascending order accompanied by chords representing the pitches ...
*
Misheberak scale In music, the Romanian Minor scale or Ukrainian Dorian scale or altered Dorian scaleIdelsohn (1929). ''Jewish Music in Its Historical Development'' and Beregovski (Russian- and Yiddish-language articles) cited in Slobin, Mark (2002). ''American K ...
* Mixolydian mode#Moloch scale *
Neapolitan chord In Classical music theory, a Neapolitan chord (or simply a "Neapolitan") is a major chord built on the lowered ( flatted) second (supertonic) scale degree. In Schenkerian analysis, it is known as a Phrygian II, since in minor scales the chord is ...


Notes


Further reading

*Hewitt, Michael. ''Musical Scales of the World''. The Note Tree. 2013. . {{scales Flamenco Heptatonic scales Hemitonic scales Tritonic scales Musical scales with augmented seconds