Heloridae is a family of
wasp
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder. Th ...
s in the order
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order (biology), order of insects, comprising the sawfly, sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are Par ...
known primarily from fossils, and only one extant genus, ''
Helorus'', with 12 species found worldwide.
Members of ''Helorus'' are parasitic on
green lacewings
Green lacewings are insects in the large family Chrysopidae of the order Neuroptera. There are about 85 genera and (differing between sources) 1,300–2,000 species in this widespread group. Members of the genera ''Chrysopa'' and ''Chrysoperla'' ...
.
Extant genera
*''
Helorus'' (12 spp. worldwide)
Fossil genera
*†''
Archaeohelorus''
Daohugou
The Haifanggou Formation (), also known as the Jiulongshan Formation (), is a fossil-bearing rock deposit located near Daohugou () village of Ningcheng County, in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China.
The formation consists of coarse conglomerates ...
, China, Middle Jurassic (
Callovian
In the geologic timescale, the Callovian is an age and stage in the Middle Jurassic, lasting between 166.1 ± 4.0 Ma (million years ago) and 163.5 ± 4.0 Ma. It is the last stage of the Middle Jurassic, following the Bathonian and preceding the ...
)
*†''
Bellohelorus'' Li et al. 2017
Yixian Formation
The Yixian Formation (; formerly transcribed as Yihsien Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the late Barremian and early Aptian stages of the Early Cretaceous. It is known for its ex ...
, China, Early Cretaceous (
Aptian
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), a ...
)
*†''
Conohelorus'' Turga, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Laiyanghelorus'' Zhang 1992
Laiyang Formation
Laiyang city () is a county-level city within Yantai bordering Qingdao, located in the middle of the Shandong Peninsula, in Shandong province, China. The majority (70%) of its population are farmers and it is famous for producing the Laiyang pe ...
, Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Liaoropronia'' Zhang and Zhang 2001 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Novhelorus'' Li et al. 2017 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Obconohelorus'' Rasnitsyn 1990 Turga, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Protocyrtus''
Karabastau Formation
The Karabastau Formation ( kk, Qarabastaý svıtasy) is a geological formation and lagerstätte in the Karatau Mountains of southern Kazakhstan whose strata date to the Middle to Late Jurassic. It is an important locality for insect fossils that ...
, Kazakhstan, Middle-Late Jurassic (Callovian/
Oxfordian)
Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia Yixian Formation, China, Turga, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Sinohelorus'' Shi et al. 2013 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Sinuijuhelorus'' Jon et al. 2019
Sinuiju Formation, North Korea, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
*†''
Spherogaster'' Zhang and Zhang 2001 Yixian Formation, China, Early Cretaceous (Aptian)
References
Further reading
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Proctotrupoidea
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