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Heathrow Express is an airport rail link between London Heathrow Airport and Paddington. It opened in 1998 and is operated by the Heathrow Express Operating Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of Heathrow Airport Holdings.

It is currently an open access operator and not subject to franchising, but from August 2018 the service will be operated by Great Western Railway under a management contract.[1]

History

Original First Class interior
Original Standard Class interior

Heathrow Express was planned as a joint venture between BAA and British Rail, but was taken over fully by the former following the privatisation of British Rail.[2]

Construction began in 1993. The principal works were two 5-mile single-bore tunnels (including eight escape shafts) and underground stations at Heathrow Central and Terminal 4. Electrification of the Great Western Main Line (GWML) between Paddington and Airport Junction, where the new line diverged from the GWML, was also required. A flying junction known as Stockley Flyover was constructed to connect the tunnel to the GWML fast lines.

Beginning in January 1998, an interim service called Heathrow FastTrain ran to a temporary station called Heathrow Junction, where a coach took passengers the rest of the way. The full service began on 23 June 1998, with four trains per hour running in each direction, operated using Class 332 electric multiple units built by Siemens Mobility.

From 1999 to 2003, in-town check-in service at Paddington Station was provided, allowing Heathrow Express passengers checking in and dropping luggage prior to flights. Checked baggage was transported to the airport by using the luggage space at the westbound first carriage. This service was withdrawn due to low usage and high cost of operation. [3][4]

In 2005, a service called Heathrow Connect was started, operating a twice-hourly stopping service along the route using Class 360 Desiro EMUs.[2] In 2008, Heathrow Express was diverted to serve the new Terminal 5 in lieu of Terminal 4.

The company employs 435 staff, 90% of whom work on trains or at stations, and 72 of whom are train drivers.[2]

Heathrow Airport Holdings have an agreement with Network Rail for access paths on the GWML until 2023.[5]

Service

Trains depart Paddington every 15 minutes from 05:10 (06:10 on Sunday) until 23:25,[6] and there is a similar quarter-hourly service in the return direction. At Paddington they use dedicated platforms 6 and 7, although on occasions other platforms are used. There are two stops at Heathrow: Heathrow Central, serving Terminals 1, 2 and 3 (journey time from Paddington 15 minutes); and Heathrow Terminal 5 (journey time 21 minutes). Until the opening of Terminal 5 on 27 March 2008, Heathrow Express terminated at Heathrow Terminal 4, this is now served by the Heathrow Express shuttle from Heathrow Central.

The service uses Class 332 electric multiple units built by CAF and Siemens Mobility. These incorporate video monitors and the ability to use mobile phones throughout the journey, even in tunnels. The monitors are mostly used for advertising and for news and weather updates produced by BBC World News.

Heathrow Express has been generally well received, not least because steps were taken to reduce the environmental impact, including disguising ventilation shafts as barns.[7] In summer 2013, all units were refurbished inside and out, including new seating configurations, luggage storage and at-seat power.

Tickets can be bought at the two Heathrow Airport stations, Paddington, from ticket sellers in the arrivals halls at all terminals, on board the train, online or using mobile applications for Android and iOS devices.[8] Express Saver and Business First tickets are valid within three months of date of travel and return journey valid within one month of outbound journey.[9]

Standard class travel between Heathrow terminals is free.

There is also a stopping service, Heathrow Connect, which takes the same route but using the slower relief lines, on which significantly lower fares are charged. This takes approximately 15 minutes longer than Heathrow Express, but offers connections to the London Underground Central and District lines at Ealing Broadway.

In 2010, Heathrow Express introduced a dedicated shuttle between Heathrow Central and Terminal 4 that would be timed to connect with the main Heathrow Express service to/from Terminal 5 to improve connections between the terminals.[10]

Airport workers can get a discount through the Airport Commuter scheme operated by Heathrow Airport Holdings.

Performance

Performance for the first quarter of the 2013 financial year was 94.0% PPM (Public Performance Measure), meaning that percentage of trains arrived at their destination within 5 minutes of the scheduled time.[citation needed]

Route

The service runs along Network Rail's Great Western Main Line from Paddington to Airport Junction. The line from Airport Junction to the airport terminals is owned by Heathrow Airport Holdings but maintained by Network Rail. The line is electrified at 25 kV AC overhead and uses Automatic Train Protection (ATP). The controlling signalbox for the entire route is the Thames Valley Signalling Centre (TVSC) in Didcot.

Stations

Station Image Time
Paddington Paddington Station.jpg 0 mins
Heathrow Central Heathrow Express P1180327.jpg 15 mins
Heathrow Terminal 5 Heathrow T5 station AB.JPG 21 mins

Rolling stock

Class Image Type Top speed Carriages Number Routes operated Built
 mph   km/h 
Class 332 Paddington station MMB 46 332002.jpg electric multiple unit 100 160 4 9 London Paddington – Heathrow Terminal 5 1997–1998
5 5
Class 332 Heathrow Express Diagram.PNG
Class 360/2 Unit 360205 at Paddington.JPG electric multiple unit 100 160 5 1 Heathrow Central – Heathrow Terminal 4 2004–2005

Future fleet

Great Western Railway plan to replace the existing Class 332 units with a specially modified pool of its own Class 387 EMUs by December 2019. This will mean that Heathrow Express will no longer need to find a new depot after it vacates Old Oak Common.[1]

Class Image Type Top speed Carriages Number Routes operated Built
 mph   km/h 
Class 387 Maidenhead - GWR 387148+387135 departing for Paddington.JPG EMU 110 175 4 12 London Paddington – Heathrow Terminal 5 2015-2017

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "GWR to manage Heathrow Express service". Railway Gazette. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018. 
  2. ^ a b c Fender, Keith (February 2014). "Heathrow's Billion Pound Railway". Modern Railways. Key Publishing: 52–57. 
  3. ^ Clark, Andrew (7 July 2003). "BAA's Paddington check-in faces axe". the Guardian. Retrieved 18 March 2018. 
  4. ^ Peter Fox (March 1998). "Heathrow Express Starts Public Service". Today's Railways. Platform 5 Publishing Limited: 27–29. 
  5. ^ Heathrow Express, United Kingdom Railway Technology
  6. ^ "Heathrow Express times". Heathrow Express. 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016. 
  7. ^ "Heathrow Express takes off". BBC News. 23 June 1998. Retrieved 6 August 2016. 
  8. ^ "Smartphone Mobile Ticketing". Heathrow Express. 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2013. 
  9. ^ "Heathrow Express ticket prices and conditions". Heathrow Express. 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016. 
  10. ^ "UK News in Brief". Railway Herald. Scunthorpe. 29 June 2010. p. 6. 

Further reading

  • "Heathrow Express starts running public services to Airport Junction". RAIL. No. 323. EMAP Apex Publications. 28 January – 10 February 1998. p. 6. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699. 
  • Haigh, Phil (11–24 March 1998). "Take the FastTrain for Heathrow". RAIL. No. 326. EMAP Apex Publications. pp. 58–62. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699. 
  • "Heathrow Express starts direct service to airport". RAIL. No. 333. EMAP Apex Publications. 17–30 June 1998. p. 17. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699. 

External links

Media related to Heathrow Express at Wikimedia Commons

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