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Hatim al-Tai ( ar, حاتم الطائي, ''Hatim of the
He lived in the sixth century CE and also figures in the ''Arabian Nights'' stories. The celebrated Persian poet Saadi, in his work Gulistan (1259 CE) wrote:
"Hatim Taï no longer exists but his exalted name will remain famous for virtue to eternity. Distribute the tithe of your wealth in alms; for when the husbandman lops off the exuberant branches from the vine, it produces an increase of grapes". He is also mentioned in Saadi's Bostan (1257). According to legends in various books and stories, he was a famous personality in the region of Ta'i (present day Ha'il) and is also a well-known figure in the rest of the Middle East as well as the Indian subcontinent, featuring in many books, films and TV series in
Hatim al-Tai ( ar, حاتم الطائي, ''Hatim of the Tayy
, location = 2nd century CE–10th century: Jabal Tayy and Syrian Desert
10th century–16th century: Jabal Tayy, Syrian Desert, Jibal al-Sharat, al-Balqa, Palmyrene Steppe, Upper Mesopotamia, Northern Hejaz, Najd
, parent_tribe = Madh ...
tribe''; died 578), full name Ḥātim bin ʿAbd Allāh bin Saʿd aṭ-Ṭāʾiyy ( ar, حاتم بن عبد الله بن سعد الطائي) was the ruling prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. T ...
and poet
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems ( oral or wri ...
of the Tayy
, location = 2nd century CE–10th century: Jabal Tayy and Syrian Desert
10th century–16th century: Jabal Tayy, Syrian Desert, Jibal al-Sharat, al-Balqa, Palmyrene Steppe, Upper Mesopotamia, Northern Hejaz, Najd
, parent_tribe = Madh ...
tribe of Arabia. Stories about his extreme generosity
Generosity (also called largess) is the virtue of being liberal in giving, often as gifts. Generosity is regarded as a virtue by various world religions and philosophies, and is often celebrated in cultural and religious ceremonies. Scientific ...
have made him an icon among Arabs up until today, as evident in the proverbial phrase "more generous than Hatim" ( ar, أكرم من حاتم, translit=ʾakram min Ḥātim). Additionally, he is known to be a model of Arab manliness
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors con ...
. The tales of Hatim are also popular in Northern India and Pakistan, where he is known as Hatimtai (हातिमताई).
His son was Adi ibn Hatim, who was a companion of the Islamic prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to speak on behalf of that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the s ...
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...
.
Biography
Al-Tai lived in Ha'il in the present-daySaudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
and was mentioned in some hadiths attributed to Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the mo ...
. He died in 578 AD and was buried in Tuwarin, Ha'il. His tomb is described in the Arabian Nights. His name ‘Hatim’ means “black crow
A crow is a bird of the genus '' Corvus'', or more broadly a synonym for all of ''Corvus''. Crows are generally black in colour. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not pinned scientifica ...
” in Arabic.
He lived in the sixth century CE and also figures in the ''Arabian Nights'' stories. The celebrated Persian poet Saadi, in his work Gulistan (1259 CE) wrote:
"Hatim Taï no longer exists but his exalted name will remain famous for virtue to eternity. Distribute the tithe of your wealth in alms; for when the husbandman lops off the exuberant branches from the vine, it produces an increase of grapes". He is also mentioned in Saadi's Bostan (1257). According to legends in various books and stories, he was a famous personality in the region of Ta'i (present day Ha'il) and is also a well-known figure in the rest of the Middle East as well as the Indian subcontinent, featuring in many books, films and TV series in Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...
, Persian
Persian may refer to:
* People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language
** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples
** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...
, Urdu
Urdu (;"Urdu"
'' Turkish,
The books on the story usually consist of a short introduction describing his ancestry and character and tells the seven episodes based on seven riddles, asked by a beautiful and rich woman named Husn Banu (), who will marry only the person who is able to obtain answers to all seven of them. The riddles are:
#'What I saw once, I long for a second time.'
#'Do good, and cast it upon the waters.'
#'Do no evil; if you do, such shall you meet with.'
#'He who speaks the truth is always tranquil.'
#'Let him bring an account of the mountain of ''Nida''.'
#'Let him produce a pearl of the size of a duck's egg.'
#'Let him bring an account of the bath of ''Badgard''.'
A king, who falls in love with her but unable to find answers, tells the generous Hatemtai, whom he meets by chance, all about it. Hatim undertakes the quest to find the answers and help the king marry her.
The Adventures of Hatim Tai
' (Qissa-e-Hatim Tai, from an 1824 Persian manuscript) by '' Duncan Forbes''. * Adventures of the second Darwesh in Bagh-o-Bahar or
* Edward FitzGerald (poet), Edward FitzGerald (1809–1883) mentions Hatim Tai in his translations of the
"But come with old Khayyam, and leave the Lot
Of Kaikobad and Kaikhosru forgot:
Let Rustum lay about him as he will,
Or Hatem Taiy cry Supper--heed them not."
* Many books written and translated in Arabic, Persian,
'' Turkish,
Hindi
Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
, Kashmiri and various other languages.
Rozat-ul-Sufa mentions that "In the eighth year after the birth of his eminence the Prophet (Muhammad), died Noushirwan the Just, and Hatemtai the generous, both famous for their virtues", around 579 CE. According to the 17th-century orientalist D'Herbelot, his tomb was located at a small village called Anwarz, in Arabia.
Works
Poems: * On Avarice by Hatem TaiyQissa-e-Hatem-tai
''Qissa-e-Hatem-tai'' (), alternatively ''Dastan-e-Hatem-tai'' (), meaning "The Tale of Hatemtai" is very popular in theIndian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
. Multiple films (see below) have been made about Hatim based on this story, which narrates seven of his fantastic adventures in seven chapters.
The books on the story usually consist of a short introduction describing his ancestry and character and tells the seven episodes based on seven riddles, asked by a beautiful and rich woman named Husn Banu (), who will marry only the person who is able to obtain answers to all seven of them. The riddles are:
#'What I saw once, I long for a second time.'
#'Do good, and cast it upon the waters.'
#'Do no evil; if you do, such shall you meet with.'
#'He who speaks the truth is always tranquil.'
#'Let him bring an account of the mountain of ''Nida''.'
#'Let him produce a pearl of the size of a duck's egg.'
#'Let him bring an account of the bath of ''Badgard''.'
A king, who falls in love with her but unable to find answers, tells the generous Hatemtai, whom he meets by chance, all about it. Hatim undertakes the quest to find the answers and help the king marry her.
Films
* ''Hatimtai'', a 1929 Indian film * ''Hatimtai'', a 1933 Indian film * ''Hatimtai'', a 1947 Indian film * '' Hatimtai Ki Beti'', a 1955 Indian film * '' Sakhi Hatim'', a 1955 Indian film * ''Hatim Tai
Hatim al-Tai ( ar, حاتم الطائي, ''Hatim of the Tayy tribe''; died 578), full name Ḥātim bin ʿAbd Allāh bin Saʿd aṭ-Ṭāʾiyy ( ar, حاتم بن عبد الله بن سعد الطائي) was the ruling prince and poet of the T ...
'' (1956), directed by Homi Wadia
* '' Shan-E-Hatim'', a 1958 Indian film
* '' Son of Hatimtai'', a 1965 Indian film
* '' Saat Sawal'' (1971), directed by Babubhai Mistry
* ''Hatim Tai
Hatim al-Tai ( ar, حاتم الطائي, ''Hatim of the Tayy tribe''; died 578), full name Ḥātim bin ʿAbd Allāh bin Saʿd aṭ-Ṭāʾiyy ( ar, حاتم بن عبد الله بن سعد الطائي) was the ruling prince and poet of the T ...
'' (1990), directed by Babubhai Mistry
TV series
* ''Dastaan-e-Hatimtai'' - AnIndia
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n TV Series aired on DD National
DD National (formerly DD1) is a state-owned public entertainment television channel in India. It is the flagship channel of Doordarshan, India's public service broadcaster, and the oldest and most widely available terrestrial television chann ...
.
* '' Hatim'' - An India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n TV Series on Star Plus in 2003-04
* '' The Adventures of Hatim'' - A 2013 Indian TV Series on Life OK
See also
* '' Ka'b Ibn Mama''References
Further reading
* The Story of Hatim in ''The Arabian Nights
''One Thousand and One Nights'' ( ar, أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَةٌ, italic=yes, ) is a collection of Middle Eastern folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known in English as the ''Arabian ...
'' (AD 800–900 in modern form).
* The Adventures of Hatim Tai
' (Qissa-e-Hatim Tai, from an 1824 Persian manuscript) by '' Duncan Forbes''. * Adventures of the second Darwesh in Bagh-o-Bahar or
Qissa Chahar Darvesh Qissa ( ar, قصه , link=no), meaning ''fable'', could refer to:
* Bengali Kissa, a tradition of Bengali language oral story-telling
* Punjabi Qisse
A Punjabi Qissa ( pa, (Shahmukhi), (Gurmukhi); plural: Qisse) is a tradition of Punjabi lang ...
, Mir Amman of Delhi, Urdu 1804, translated by Duncan Forbes'* Edward FitzGerald (poet), Edward FitzGerald (1809–1883) mentions Hatim Tai in his translations of the
Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam
''Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám'' is the title that Edward FitzGerald gave to his 1859 translation from Persian to English of a selection of quatrains (') attributed to Omar Khayyam (1048–1131), dubbed "the Astronomer-Poet of Persia".
Altho ...
. See quatrain IX in Fitzgerald's first edition:
Urdu
Urdu (;"Urdu"
'' Hindi Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
etc.
* Hatem Tai in Tamil by Prema Pirasuram
'' Hindi Hindi ( Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been ...
External links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hatem At-Tai 578 deaths One Thousand and One Nights characters Year of birth unknown Tayy 6th-century Arabic poets Yemeni poets