Harry Bruno

Harry Augustine Bruno (7 February 1893 – 1978) was a promoter of aviation and boating, and a pioneer public relations professional.

Biography

Harry Bruno was born 7 February 1893 in London, England. His father Henry Augustine Bruno was a marine insurance analyst; his mother was Annie (Thompson) Bruno. In 1907 Henry brought his family to New York City. Young Harry came under the influence of Elbert Hubbard, who said simply, "To have a friend you must be a friend". Hubbard and Harry's parents were sailing on the RMS ''Lusitania'' when it sank on 7 May 1915. Both Hubbard and the Brunos died. Harry was very close to his brother Frank Bruno (1901–33) who worked in the newspaper business. In 1972 he married Evelyn Denny Witten, who was with him when he died 21 March 1978 in Southampton (town), New York on Long Island.

In 1910 Harry built a glider with his friend Bernie Mahon. Harry made a flight of 265 yards with it on 24 December. Harry and Bernie worked as runners on Wall Street, but Harry wanted to get ahead. He took a correspondence course in advertising and a job with the ''Herald'' newspaper of Montclair, New Jersey. Later he moved to Greenwich, Connecticut to work with the ''News and Graphic'', working up to the position of assistant editor.

When World War I began, Harry took pilot training at Deseronto Airport with the Canadian Royal Flying Corps, Squadron 84 at Camp Mohawk. His flight instructor was Vernon Castle, better known for his dancing.

After the war Bruno worked for a time at the New York City Car Advertising Company. His heart was in aviation, but that field was in crisis as demand for aircraft had collapsed with the end of the war. Bruno landed a job as publicity man for the Manufacturers Aircraft Association. He took on the challenge of organising air meets, holding shows, noting record flights, and promoting aviation investment. To develop aviation transport, there was the need for airports, runway edge lights, navigational aids, and accurate weather forecasts. Public reassurance was also to be based on a national program of pilot licensing and certification.

A coast to coast race was organised in 1919. In 1920 at the New York air show, Kathlene Martyn was hired to pose in silk pajamas for the "first sleeper plane". Harry Bruno was one of the original Quiet Birdmen who met at Marta's Restaurant in Greenwich Village, and wore their pin of silver and blue wings on his lapel.

In 1921 Harry joined with Inglis M. Uppercu, aircraft manufacturer in Keyport, New Jersey converted Navy seaplanes into passenger planes; Bruno organised "ballyhoo jaunts" for reporters from local newspapers to gain publicity and a public appetite for flying. In 1922 Aeromarine offered the first regularly scheduled flights from New York to Miami, Key West, and Havana. Since passengers could drink liquor in Cuba, the service was called "The Highball Express". Aeromarine offered two trips daily between Cleveland and Detroit starting in June 1922. City officials, club leaders, and reporters were all given promotional flights to counter the reticence of the general public. When Harry rode with pilot Durston G. Richardson on a 7,500 mile tour of the Great Lakes, they were awarded the Glidden trophy by the New York Aero Club. By the time Aeromarine went out of business in September 1923, Bruno was a proven aviation promoter.

Bruno was engaged by Anthony Fokker to promote his planes at a Saint Louis air show. Due to Fokker's association with the Germans during the war, this representation required Bruno's special abilities. The air show was presided over by a man with a microphone in a press box. Harry happened to know the man and offered to give him a break from the task. With microphone in hand, Bruno soon brought Fokker's airship to the centre of attention.

Bruno helped promote skywriting by Jack Savage by having him write the telephone number to the Vanderbilt Hotel in New York City. Bruno helped Sherman Fairchild develop aerial photography as a business service.

First agency

With his friend Dick Blythe, Harry Bruno formed the firm of Bruno and Blythe. One of their first projects was the Ford National Reliability Air Tour from Dearborn Michigan to Omaha and back. At that time Bruno also worked part-time at WEBJ as program director and chief announcer. In 1925 Bruno and Blythe organised the air races at Mitchel Field on Long Island. To wake up Wall Street to aviation, they "organized a sham battle to take place over Wall Street at high noon" which was accompanied with "giant cannon firecrackers".

Charles Lawrance, builder of a 200 horse-power engine, was brought in as a client of Bruno and Blythe. This engine was air-cooled and called Wright Whirlwind. The agency increased the profile of the Lawrance engines in Wright Aeronautical announcements. Another client was Juan Trippe who ran Colonial Air Transport and started with airmail contracts. Later he offered flights into South America with his Aviation Corporation of the Americas which became Pan Am.

In 1926 Richard E. Byrd became a client. He and pilot Floyd Bennett had flown over the North Pole on 9 May but had $20,000 of expenses due. Contacting Grover Whalen, Bruno and Blythe arranged for their plane, ''Josephine Ford'', to be put on display in the show window of Wanamaker's department store. For two weeks each in New York and Philadelphia, the exhibit paid off the debt and earned the firm its fee.

Bruno and Blythe assisted Charles A. Lindbergh in his preparations for the trans-Atlantic flight winning him the Orteig Prize of $25,000. When Lindbergh grew weary of the demanding press that surrounded him, he was referred by Wright Aeronautical to Bruno and Blythe.
Bruno negotiated a $125,000 exclusive contract with ''The New York Times'' for Lindbergh's story, if he managed to make France. Lindbergh had asked the United States Weather Bureau to notify him when there was a window of storm-free conditions over the notorious North Atlantic Ocean. With a flying time of 33 hours and 39 minutes, ''Spirit of Saint Louis'' brought Lindbergh to Le Bouget Field. Bruno and Blythe styled Lindbergh as a "plain citizen, dressed in the garments of everyday man" rather than a military uniform. They "had to hold at bay hundreds of people who sought to exploit the Lindbergh fame, especially women."

Bruno was promoting three companies building lighter-than-air vehicles. In October 1928 he met the arrival of LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin at Lakehurst Naval Air Station. He also represented the Aircraft Development Corporation of Detroit which built ZMC-2, an all-metal dirigible designed by Ralph Hazlett Upson. Bruno was also at the crash-burning of the LZ 129 Hindenburg on 8 May 1937. In fact, he pulled Captain Ernst Lehmann from the burning wreck, got him on his way to the hospital where he died. Handling competing accounts could be accommodated at Bruno and Blythe since they were "the only firm specializing in aviation publicity".

In 1931 Bruno and Blythe represented Wiley Post and his stellar navigator Harold Gatty for their round-the-world tour with the Winnie Mae. Similarly, the Antarctica Expedition of Lincoln Ellsworth was their account. They also collected funds for Amelia Earhart. Though The Texas Company was providing aircraft to Frank Hawks, Bruno and Blythe represented him as he broke aviation records on point-to-point flights

Among the corporate accounts held by Bruno and Blythe were Beech Nut Packing Company, Standard Oil of New Jersey, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Packard Motor Car Company, and Royal Typewriter.

Boat show

The National Boat Show was an account held by Bruno for 40 years. He started publicity for the Show in 1926, but he and Blythe realised that, without marinas where boats could be moored, the market for boats would be limited. Dick Blythe went to Miami, Florida to research the construction and operation of marinas. They wrote and circulated a manual with their findings to communities that had potential marinas. In their work a shortage of marinas was similar to a shortage of airports. To promote Essomarine, a product of Standard Oil, Bruno engaged artist Ted Geisel