Harambaša ( sr-cyr, Харамбаша) was the rank for a senior commander of a ''
hajduk
A hajduk ( hu, hajdúk, plural of ) is a type of irregular infantry found in Central and parts of Southeast Europe from the late 16th to mid 19th centuries. They have reputations ranging from bandits to freedom fighters depending on time, p ...
'' band (
brigand
Brigandage is the life and practice of highway robbery and plunder. It is practiced by a brigand, a person who usually lives in a gang and lives by pillage and robbery.Oxford English Dictionary second edition, 1989. "Brigand.2" first recorded us ...
gangs).
Etymology
It is derived from Turkish word for bandit leader ( tr, haramibaşı; - "Bandit" + - "Head"), and was like some other Ottoman Turkish titles adopted into the irregular militias of Montenegrin, Serbian, Croatian rebels (''
bimbaša
A ''binbashi'', alternatively ''bimbashi'', (from tr, Binbaşı, "chief of a thousand", " chiliarch") is a major in the Turkish army, of which term originated in the Ottoman army. The title was also used for a major in the Khedivial Egyptian ...
'', ''
serdar Serdar may refer to
* Serdar (given name)
* Serdar (surname)
* SERDAR, a stabilized remote-controlled Ukrainian weapon station
* Serdar (city) in Turkmenistan, the capital of Serdar District
* Serdar (Ottoman rank), a military and noble rank of t ...
'', ''
buljubaša Boluk-bashi ( tr, bölükbaşı) was an Ottoman officer rank equivalent to captain (see Military of the Ottoman Empire). The holder was in command of a ''bölük'', a sub-division of a regiment. It was higher than ''oda-bashi'' (lieutenant).
__NOTOC ...
'').
Usage
*
Montenegrin hajduks
*
Serbian hajduks
The Serbian hajduks ( sr, хајдуци / ''hajduci'') were brigands (bandits) and guerrilla freedom fighters (rebels) throughout Ottoman-held Balkans, mainly in Serbia, organized into bands headed by a '' harambaša'' ("bandit leader"), who de ...
*
Military Frontier
The Military Frontier (german: Militärgrenze, sh-Latn, Vojna krajina/Vojna granica, Војна крајина/Војна граница; hu, Katonai határőrvidék; ro, Graniță militară) was a borderland of the Habsburg monarchy and ...
:
Seressaner
The Seressaner (german: Serezaner, hr, serežani, sr, сережани) were an Habsburg military police unit in Lika, Croatian Military Frontier. The name is derived from Saracens ("tent dwellers").
The Seressaner troops were established aft ...
s,
Pandurs, and others.
*
Serbian Revolution
The Serbian Revolution ( sr, Српска револуција / ''Srpska revolucija'') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman prov ...
, most of the supreme commanders were former harambaša's
*Military of
Principality of Montenegro
The Principality of Montenegro ( sr, Књажевина Црна Горa, Knjaževina Crna Gora) was a principality in Southeastern Europe that existed from 13 March 1852 to 28 August 1910. It was then proclaimed a kingdom by Nikola I, who then ...
*Serbian Orthodox tradition of
Čuvari Hristovog Groba ("Keepers of Christ's Grave") in
Vrlika, Croatia
See also
*
Harambašić, Serbian and Croatian surname
*
Hussar, Hungarian origin light cavalry in Europe, word meaning "the best of twenty" or in Slavic etymology "pirate"
*
Vojvoda, a civil and military administrator of Serbs in the Habsburg Monarchy
*
Korun Aramija
*
Ataman
References
*Hanka Vajzović 1999, Orijentalizmi u književnom djelu: lingvistička analiza, : "harambaša m (tur. harami basi) = vođa hajduka, odmetnika,"
*The Military Museum, 1968, Fourteen centuries of struggle for freedom, Belgrade (Serbia). Vojni muzej Jugoslovenske narodne armije, p. xxvii
Military ranks of Serbia
Turkish words and phrases
Serbo-Croatian words and phrases
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