Haplogroup IJK is a
human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup
In human genetics, a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by mutations in the non- recombining portions of DNA from the male-specific Y chromosome (called Y-DNA). Many people within a haplogroup share similar numbers of sh ...
. IJK is a primary branch of the macrohaplogroup
HIJK. Its direct descendants are
haplogroup IJ
Haplogroup IJ (M429/P125) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, an immediate descendant of Haplogroup IJK (formerly known as Haplogroup F-L15). IJK is a branch of Haplogroup HIJK.
The immediate descendants of IJ are Haplogroup I and Haplogrou ...
and
haplogroup K.
Distribution and structure
The basal paragroup HIJK* has been found in a
Mesolithic
The Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, ''mesos'' 'middle' + λίθος, ''lithos'' 'stone') or Middle Stone Age is the Old World archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic. The term Epipaleolithic is often used synonymous ...
European (
Magdalenian
The Magdalenian cultures (also Madelenian; French: ''Magdalénien'') are later cultures of the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic in western Europe. They date from around 17,000 to 12,000 years ago. It is named after the type site of La Madele ...
), GoyetQ-2, and the basal IJK was found in an
Upper Paleolithic
The Upper Paleolithic (or Upper Palaeolithic) is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age. Very broadly, it dates to between 50,000 and 12,000 years ago (the beginning of the Holocene), according to some theories coin ...
European (
Gravettian
The Gravettian was an archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic that succeeded the Aurignacian circa 33,000 years BP. It is archaeologically the last European culture many consider unified, and had mostly disappeared by 2 ...
), Vestonice16.
Populations with high proportions of males who belong to descendant major haplogroups of Haplogroup HIJK live across widely dispersed areas and populations.
Subclades of IJK are now concentrated in males native to:
*
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
(e. g. haplogroups I, J, R and N);
*the
Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have historically ...
,
Near East
The ''Near East''; he, המזרח הקרוב; arc, ܕܢܚܐ ܩܪܒ; fa, خاور نزدیک, Xāvar-e nazdik; tr, Yakın Doğu is a geographical term which roughly encompasses a transcontinental region in Western Asia, that was once the hist ...
and
North East Africa
Northeast Africa, or ''Northeastern Africa'' or Northern East Africa as it was known in the past, is a geographic regional term used to refer to the countries of Africa situated in and around the Red Sea. The region is intermediate between North ...
(e.g. haplogroups J and T);
*
South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.;;;;;;;; ...
(e.g. haplogroups J, L and R);
*
East Asia
East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea and ...
，
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
,
Oceania
Oceania (, , ) is a region, geographical region that includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Spanning the Eastern Hemisphere, Eastern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of ...
, and the
Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...
(e. g. haplogroups K, M, O, P, S)
*
Northern Eurasia
Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago an ...
, (e.g. haplogroups N and Q) and;
*
Native American peoples (e. g. haplogroup Q and R).
Structure
Basic phylogeny
*IJK
**IJK (L15/S137, L16/S138, L69.1(=G)/S163.1)
***
IJ (M429/P125, P123, P124, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22)
***
K (M9, P128, P131, P132)
Phylogenetic tree
† = A basal haplogroup that has not been documented among living individuals.
(Based on the YCC 2008 tree and subsequent published research.
)
Mutation
L15
The defining SNP ''L15'' is located at Y chromosomal location rs9786139 with the ancestral value being
A and the derived value being
G.
L16
The defining SNP ''L16'' is at location rs9786714 with the ancestral value being G and the derived value being A.
See also
*
Haplogroup
A haplotype is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent, and a haplogroup (haploid from the el, ἁπλοῦς, ''haploûs'', "onefold, simple" and en, group) is a group of similar haplotypes that share ...
*
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
In human genetics, a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup is a haplogroup defined by mutations in the non- recombining portions of DNA from the male-specific Y chromosome (called Y-DNA). Many people within a haplogroup share similar numbers of s ...
*
Y-chromosome haplogroups in populations of the world
The following articles are lists of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in populations around the world.
* Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group
*Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe
* Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East
*Y ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in European populations.
Frequencies in European ethnic groups
The table below shows the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, based on relevant studies, for ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia are haplogroups of the male Y-chromosome found in South Asian populations.
Major Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in South Asia
South Asia, located on the crossroads of Western Eurasia and Eastern Eura ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia
The tables below provide statistics on the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups most commonly found among ethnolinguistic groups and populations from East and South-East Asia.
ST means Sino-Tibetan languages.
Main table
Austronesian and Tai-Kadai ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East Listed here are notable ethnic groups and populations from Western Asia, Egypt and South Caucasus by human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic desig ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various Ethnic groups in Africa, ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and Sahel (Tuaregs).
By population
By samples from country
Samples over-represent the smaller popul ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus
Various Y-DNA haplogroups have differing frequencies within each ethnolinguistic group in the Caucasus region.
__TOC__
Table
The table below lists the frequencies – identified by major studies – of various haplogroups amongst selected ethni ...
*
Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group
The various ethnolinguistic groups found in the Caucasus, Central Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and/or South Asia demonstrate differing rates of particular Y-DNA haplogroups.
In the table below, the first two columns identify ethnoli ...
*
Haplogroup IJ (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup IJ (M429/P125) is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, an immediate descendant of Haplogroup IJK (formerly known as Haplogroup F-L15). IJK is a branch of Haplogroup HIJK.
The immediate descendants of IJ are Haplogroup I and Haplogrou ...
*
Haplogroup I (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup I (M170) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is a subgroup of haplogroup IJ, which itself is a derivative of the haplogroup IJK. Subclades I1 and I2 can be found in most present-day European populations, with peaks in some Nort ...
*
Haplogroup J (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup J-M304, also known as J, ISOGGbr> ''Y-DNA Haplogroup J and its Subclades - 2016'' (2 February 2016). is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is believed to have evolved in Western Asia. The clade spread from there during the Neo ...
*
Haplogroup K (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup K or K-M9 is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. A sublineage of haplogroup IJK, K-M9, and its descendant clades represent a geographically widespread and diverse haplogroup. The lineages have long been found among males on every co ...
References
{{reflist
F-L15