HMS Albrighton (L12)

HMS ''Albrighton'' was a Type III Hunt-class destroyer built for the British Royal Navy. She entered service in February 1942, first carrying out an attack on German ships in the English Channel then taking part in the Dieppe Raid, rescuing survivors from the sinking destroyer HMS ''Broke''. ''Albrighton'' was next assigned to search for and destroy the German auxiliary cruiser ''Komet'', then escorted a convoy to Gibraltar in prevision of the Allied landings in North Africa. Between December 1942 and April 1943, she participated in the sinking of three more Axis ships with the First Destroyer Flotilla. During the Normandy Landings in June 1944, ''Albrighton'' served as a headquarters ship, then sank two German trawlers in the weeks after the invasion. After being converted to a destroyer in early 1945, she was damaged in a collision with a Landing Ship, then was assigned to the British Eastern Fleet. However, the war ended before she was deployed and ''Albrighton'' went into reserve.

In 1957, she was refitted in Liverpool, then sold to the West German Navy and commissioned under then name ''Raule''. She served as a training ship until 1968, when she was decommissioned and sold for scrap metal in Hamburg the next year.

Construction

HMS ''Albrighton'' was ordered for the Royal Navy from the shipbuilder John Brown & Company on 4 July 1940, one of seven Type III Hunt-class destroyers ordered as part of the 1940 War Emergency Programme on that date.English 1987, p. 17. The Hunt class was meant to fill the Royal Navy's need for a large number of small destroyer-type vessels capable of both convoy escort and operations with the fleet. The Type III Hunts differed from the previous Type II ships in replacing a twin 4-inch gun mount by two torpedo tubes to improve their ability to operate as destroyers.English 1987, pp. 7, 12.Lenton 1970, pp. 83, 85.

''Albrighton'' was laid down at John Brown's Clydebank shipyard on 30 December 1940. Construction was slowed by damage received during German air raids,English 1987, p. 27. with the ship being launched on 11 October 1941 and commissioning on 22 February 1942.

''Albrighton'' was long between perpendiculars and overall. The ship's beam was and draught . Displacement was standard and under full load. Two Admiralty boilers raising steam at and fed Parsons single-reduction geared steam turbines that drove two propeller shafts, generating at 380 rpm. This gave a speed of .Lenton 1970, p. 97. of oil fuel were carried, giving a range of at .Whitley 2000, p. 147.

Main gun armament was four 4 inch (102 mm) QF Mk XVI dual purpose (anti-ship and anti-aircraft) guns in two twin mounts, with a quadruple 2-pounder "pom-pom" and three Oerlikon 20 mm cannon providing close-in anti-aircraft fire.Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 47.Lenton 1970, pp. 97–98. Like many of the Hunts, a single 2-pounder "pom-pom" was later mounted on the ship's bow for close-in combat with small fast vessels such as German E-boats.Lenton 1970, p. 85. Two 21 inch (530 mm) torpedo tubes were fitted in a single twin mount, while two depth charge chutes, four depth charge throwers and 70 depth charges comprised the ship's anti-submarine armament. Type 291 and Type 285 radar was fitted, as was Type 128 sonar.English 1987, pp. 12–13.

Service

Royal Navy

Following commissioning, ''Albrighton'' worked up at Greenock before joining the First Destroyer Flotilla based at Portsmouth in April 1942, being deployed on convoy escort and anti-E-boat operations, engaging German E-boats on 24 April and 6 May. On 19 June 1942, ''Albrighton'' and the Steam Gun Boats ''SGB 6'', ''SGB 7'' and ''SGB 8'' attacked a German convoy off the Cotentin Peninsula, with ''SGB 7'' and one German transport being sunk.Rohwer and Hümmelchen 1992, p. 147. ''Albrighton'' sailed as part of Operation Jubilee, the Dieppe Raid on 19 August 1942, escorting landing craft. She received minor damage from German shore batteries, and when the destroyer HMS ''Berkeley'' was struck by two bombs, breaking ''Berkeley''s back and causing heavy flooding, ''Albrighton'' helped to rescue survivors from ''Berkeley'' before scuttling the stricken ship with torpedoes.English 1987, pp. 17, 35.

On the night of 13/14 October 1942, ''Albrighton'' formed part of a large force of Hunt-class destroyers (also including ''Cottesmore'', ''Eskdale'', ''Glaisdale'' and ''Quorn'') and eight Motor Torpedo Boats sent to stop the German auxiliary cruiser ''Komet'', which was attempting to break out into the Atlantic in order to raid Allied shipping. Despite an escort of four Type 35 and Type 37 torpedo boats, ''Komet'' was sunk with all hands off Cherbourg by the British Motor Torpedo Boat ''MTB 236''.Rohwer and Hümmelchen 1992, p. 169. From 2–10 November 1942, she formed part of the escort for Convoy KMS 2, taking troops to Gibraltar in preparation for Operation Torch, the Anglo-American invasion of French North Africa. On 12 November 1942, after the destroyer HMS ''Marne'' was damaged by a torpedo when rescuing survivors from the torpedoed depot ship HMS ''Hecla'', ''Albrighton'' assisted ''Marne'' until the tug ''Salvonia'' towed ''Marne'' to Gibraltar. ''Albrighton'' then returned to the United Kingdom as part of the escort for Convoy MKF 001.English 1987, p. 28.

''Albrighton'' then returned to normal duties with the First Destroyer Flotilla, and on 12 December 1942, took part in Operation Valuable, an attack on a German convoy off Dieppe, when the German Sperrbrecher (auxiliary minesweeper) ''Beijerland'' was sunk by ''Albrighton'' and ''Eskdale''. On the night of 27–28 April 1943, ''Albrighton'' and the Hunt-class ''Goathland'' sank the Italian blockade runner ''Butterfly'' and the German anti-submarine trawler ''UJ1402''. ''Albrighton'' was damaged in this action, with eight killed and 25 wounded.

In February 1944 ''Albrighton'' was selected for conversion to a headquarters ship for control and landing craft in preparation for the upcoming invasion of France. When the Normandy landings started on 6 June 1944, ''Albrighton'' served as an escort vessel for landing craft and as a reserve headquarters ship for several weeks before returning to patrol operations. On 12 August, ''Albrighton'' attacked three trawlers south of Lorient, and sank two trawlers two weeks later.

In early 1945, ''Albrighton'' was reconverted to a destroyer, joining the 21st Destroyer Flotilla at Sheerness for service in the North Sea and Thames Estuary. She was damaged in collision with the Landing Ship ''LST 238'' on 23 May 1945, and following repairs, was allocated to the Eastern Fleet, and was refitted for service in Eastern waters at Immingham until December that year. As the war had now ended, ''Albrighton'' went into reserve at Devonport, moving to Gibraltar in 1953, and returning to the UK in 1955, where she was hulked on 6 January 1956.

German Navy

In May 1956, ''Albrighton'' was one of seven frigates selected for transfer to the new West German Navy, being sold on 11 November 1957, and refitted in Liverpool before commissioning in the German Navy on 14 May 1959 as ''Raule''. ''Raule'' was re-equipped to better fit the ship to the role of anti-submarine training, with her armament being modified, with the forward 4-inch mounting being removed and the quadruple "pom-pom" replaced by a 40 mm Bofors gun, and more modern anti-submarine equipment fitted.Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 144.Blackman 1962, p. 101. ''Raule'' was decommissioned in 1968 and was sold for scrap to Eisen and Metall of Hamburg in 1969.

References

Publications

*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Albrighton (L12)
Hunt-class destroyers of the Royal Navy
Hunt-class destroyers of the German Navy
World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom
Ships built on the River Clyde
1941 ships