Gyönk (german: Jink) is a village in

Tolna County Tolna ( hu, Tolna megye, ; german: Komitat Tolnau) is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in present Hungary as it was of the former Kingdom of Hungary. It lies in central Hungary, on the west bank of the river Danube. It shares borders ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

History

Gyönk was mentioned for the first time in 1280, but the neighborhood (and Gyönk) was already a populated area by then. The village was inhabited by Turks for some time, and by the time of the

Rákóczi The House of Rákóczi (older spelling Rákóczy) was a Hungarian noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary between the 13th century and 18th century. Their name is also spelled ''Rákoci'' (in Slovakia), ''Rakoczi'' and ''Rakoczy'' in some forei ...

it was depopulated. In the early 18th century Hungarian and German families arrived in the village. The school was founded in 1806. In 1882, the Budapest-Pécs-Dombóvár-rail line, which passes through the Kapos Valley connected the village. In 1891, there were 3,371 German and Hungarian inhabitants. In 1947, a Czechoslovak-Hungarian population exchange saw 9 Highland Hungarian families (55 people) resettled in the upland village of

Martos Martos is a city in the province of Jaén in the autonomous community of Andalusia in south-central Spain. It has a population of 24271 inhabitants, making Martos the fifth largest municipality in the province. The city is located on a western ...

. Until the end of World War II, the majority of the inhabitants were

Danube Swabians The Danube Swabians (german: Donauschwaben ) is a collective term for the ethnic German-speaking population who lived in various countries of central-eastern Europe, especially in the Danube River valley, first in the 12th century, and in grea ...

(Schwowe), their ancestors came from Swabia and

Franconia Franconia (german: Franken, ; Franconian dialect: ''Franggn'' ; bar, Frankn) is a region of Germany, characterised by its culture and Franconian languages, Franconian dialect (German: ''Fränkisch''). The three Regierungsbezirk, administrative ...

. Around 1790, Catholic German families from Gyönk settled in Illocska. Mostly of the former German Settlers was expelled to

Allied-occupied Germany Germany was already de facto occupied by the Allies from the real fall of Nazi Germany in World War II on 8 May 1945 to the establishment of the East Germany on 7 October 1949. The Allies (United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and Franc ...

and Allied-occupied Austria in 1945–1948, about the Potsdam Agreement. Only a few

Germans of Hungary German Hungarians (german: Ungarndeutsche, hu, magyarországi németek) are the German-speaking minority of Hungary, sometimes called Danube Swabians (German: ''Donauschwaben'', Hungarian: ''dunai svábok''), many of whom call themselves "Shwov ...

live there, the majority today are the descendants of Hungarians from the

Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange The Czechoslovak–Hungarian population exchange was the exchange of inhabitants between Czechoslovakia and Hungary after World War II. Between 45,000 and 120,000 Hungarians were forcibly transferred from Czechoslovakia to Hungary, and their propert ...

Notable landmarks

The Reformed Church was built between 1775 and 1777, and consecrated on May 25, 1777. The tower was completed in 1836. The second organ of the church, dated to 1910 is a masterpiece. The neo-Gothic style Lutheran Church designed by Gyula Reppmannin was completed in 1896. The Catholic Church was built in 1926. Magyary Kossa-Castle was built in 1830.

Twin towns – sister cities

Gyönk is twinned with: * Darmstadt, Germany, since 1990 * Griesheim, Germany, since 1990 *

Bar-le-Duc Bar-le-Duc (), formerly known as Bar, is a Communes of France, commune in the Meuse (department), Meuse Departments of France, département, of which it is the capital. The department is in Grand Est in northeastern France. The lower, more moder ...

, France, since 1996 * Wilkau-Haßlau, Germany, since 1997

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gyonk Populated places in Tolna County