Guadalajara Macrobus
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The Guadalajara Macrobús (branded as Mi Macro) is a
bus rapid transit Bus rapid transit (BRT), also called a busway or transitway, is a bus-based public transport system designed to have much more capacity, reliability and other quality features than a conventional bus system. Typically, a BRT system includes ...
(BRT) system in
Guadalajara Guadalajara ( , ) is a metropolis in western Mexico and the capital of the list of states of Mexico, state of Jalisco. According to the 2020 census, the city has a population of 1,385,629 people, making it the 7th largest city by population in Me ...
,
Jalisco Jalisco (, , ; Nahuatl: Xalixco), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco ; Nahuatl: Tlahtohcayotl Xalixco), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal En ...
,
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
. The initiation of work on the system was announced by Jalisco Governor
Emilio González Márquez Emilio González Márquez (born 12 November 1960 in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). He served as Governor of Jalisco. Political career González was an active member of the ...
on February 29, 2008. The system was launched on March 11, 2009 by him and Mexican President
Felipe Calderón Hinojosa Felipe is the Spanish variant of the name Philip, which derives from the Greek adjective ''Philippos'' "friend of horses". Felipe is also widely used in Portuguese-speaking Brazil alongside Filipe, the form commonly used in Portugal. Noteworthy p ...
.


Lines

The initial Macrobús line runs along Calzada Independencia and Gobernador Curiel with a total of 27 stations, including two terminals: Mirador (northern terminus, in Guadalajara) and Fray Angélico (southern terminus, in Tlaquepaque). The line intersects the
Guadalajara light rail system Guadalajara ( , ) is a metropolis in western Mexico and the capital of the state of Jalisco. According to the 2020 census, the city has a population of 1,385,629 people, making it the 7th largest city by population in Mexico, while the Guadalaj ...
(LRT) Line 2 at
San Juan de Dios San Juan de Dios is a ''corregimiento'' in Antón District, Coclé Province, Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southe ...
station. After the LRT Line 3 was completed in 2016, a second transfer point was created at the station immediately south, Bicentenario (BRT) / Independencia (LRT-3). The initial Macrobús BRT line has been renamed Mi Macro Calzada to distinguish it from a forthcoming perimeter BRT line running along the
ring road A ring road (also known as circular road, beltline, beltway, circumferential (high)way, loop, bypass or orbital) is a road or a series of connected roads encircling a town, city, or country. The most common purpose of a ring road is to assist i ...
, which will begin service in 2021. The periphery line is named Mi Macro Periférico and includes 42 stations over a route. The Periférico line, formerly nicknamed Peribús, is projected to serve 364,000 daily riders; it was first funded in January 2017 from Fondo Nacional de Infraestructura (Fonadin, the National Infrastructure Fund) with a grant of 660.8 million pesos, subsidizing a larger contribution from the Jalisco state government. Work on the Periférico line began in November 2019, and is projected to complete in 2021.


Calzada

The stations on the Calzada line (from north to south) are: # Mirador (Express) # Huentitán # Zoológico # Independencia Norte (Express) # San Patricio (Express) # Igualdad # Monumental # Monte Olivette # Circunvalación (Express) # Ciencias de la Salud # Juan Álvarez (Express) # Alameda # San Juan de Dios (Express; transfer to
LRT Line 2 The Light Rail Transit Line 2, also known as LRT Line 2 (LRT-2) or Megatren, is a rapid transit line in Metro Manila in the Philippines, generally running in an east–west direction along the Radial Road 6 and a portion of the Circumferential ...
) # Bicentenario (Express; transfer to LRT Line 3) # La Paz # Niños Héroes (Express) # Agua Azul # Ciprés # Héroes de Nacozari # Lázaro Cárdenas (Express) # El Deán # Zona Industrial # López de Legazpi # Clemente Orozco (Express) # Artes Plasticas # Escultura (Express) # Fray Angélico (Express) Regular service takes approximately 46 minutes each way and operates from 5:00 AM to 11:00 PM. Limited-stop service (38 minutes each way) operates from 5:00 AM to 9:00 PM, connecting the stations noted as "Express" above. Typical headways are 8 minutes, with 5 minute headways during rush hours.


Periférico

The stations on the Periférico line (counterclockwise) are: # Barranca de Huentitán # Zoológico Guadalajara # Independencia Norte (transfer to BRT Calzada) # Lomas del Paraíso # Rancho Nuevo # La Experiencia # El Batán # Periférico Norte (transfer to LRT Line 1) # La Cantera # Tabachines # Constitución # Centro Cultural Universitario # San Isidro # Periférico Belenes (transfer to LRT Line 3) # Tuzanía # Santa Margarita # Acueducto # 5 de Mayo # San Juan de Ocotán # Vallarta (transfer to SiTren L1) # Estadio Chivas # Ciudad Judicial # Ciudad Granja # Parque Metropolitano # Chapalita Inn # El Colli # Felipe Ruvalcaba # Miramar # Mariano Otero # El Briseño # Agrícola # López Mateos # ITESO # Terminal Sur de Autobuses # Periférico Sur (transfer to LRT Line 1) # San Sebastianito # 8 de Julio # Toluquilla # Adolf Horn # Artesanos # Las Pintas # Carretera a Chapala Under the original plan, there were 53 stations served by a fleet of 105 (nominal length) articulated buses.


Proposed expansion

Additional lines were planned and were scheduled to open in 2010, soon after the opening of Macrobús Line 1. These included: *Macrobús Line 2 would run along Avenida Ávila Camacho and Calzada Revolución from Doctor Ángel Leaño in
Zapopan Zapopan () is a city and municipality located in the Mexican state of Jalisco. Part of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area, the population of Zapopan city proper makes it the second largest city in the state, very close behind the population of ...
to the new central bus terminal in
Tlaquepaque Tlaquepaque (), officially San Pedro Tlaquepaque, is a city and the surrounding municipality in the Mexican state of Jalisco. Geography During the 20th century, it was absorbed by the outward spread of the state capital, and is now a fully in ...
. This route was later used for LRT Line 3. *Macrobús Line 3 would run along Calzada del Obrero ( Fed. 15) and
Calzada Jesús González Gallo Calzada or La Calzada may refer to: Places Spain *La Calzada de Béjar, a municipality in the province of Salamanca * Calzada de Calatrava, a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real * Calzada de Don Diego, a municipality in the province of Sa ...
( Fed. 23) from Juan Pablo and Periferico to Glorieta El Álamo in Tlaquepaque. This line will eventually be extended to the
Guadalajara International Airport Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Guadalajara International Airport ( es, Aeropuerto Internacional de Guadalajara Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla) or simply Guadalajara International Airport ( es, Aeropuerto Internacional de Guadalajara) , is the main airport ...
in Tlajomulco along Fed. 44. Instituto de Políticas para el Transporte y el Desarrollo (ITDP) proposed an expansion of the Macrobús system with six new lines to a total of in addition to the Calzada line. The first of the proposed lines was a subset of the present Periférico line. Other proposed lines were largely laid out along radial spokes and included: * Lázaro Cárdenas: serving 129,000 daily passengers on a similar to the earlier proposed Line 3 along Fed. 15 and Fed. 23 * Lopez Mateos: 54,000 passengers, * 8 de Julio: 88,000 passengers, , parallel to the southern half of LRT Line 1 * Vallarta: 38,000 passengers, , acting as a western extension to LRT Line 2 * Gallo y Michel: 24,000 passengers,


Fleet

The initial Macrobús fleet included 41 blue
articulated An articulated vehicle is a vehicle which has a permanent or semi-permanent pivot joint in its construction, allowing it to turn more sharply. There are many kinds, from heavy equipment to buses, trams and trains. Steam locomotives were someti ...
Volvo The Volvo Group ( sv, Volvokoncernen; legally Aktiebolaget Volvo, shortened to AB Volvo, stylized as VOLVO) is a Swedish multinational manufacturing corporation headquartered in Gothenburg. While its core activity is the production, distributio ...
7300 BRT buses, which are built on the
Volvo B12M The Volvo B12M is an underfloor mid-engined bus/ coach chassis introduced by Volvo Buses in 2002 as a replacement for the Volvo B10M. It is available with a variety of bodies such as the Van Hool T9 Alizee, Sunsundegui Sideral and Plaxton Panther ...
chassis and compliant with the
Euro IV The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards for pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and EEA member states and the UK, and ships in EU waters. The standards are defined in a seri ...
emissions standard.
Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...
also uses Volvo 7300 BRT buses for the Metrobús BRT system, but the Mexico City Volvo 7300 BRT buses are bi-articulated buses, while the Guadalajara BRT system uses single-articulated buses. 27 of the 41 were refurbished by July 2021 to extend their life by five years. In 2014, Guadalajara added four red articulated
DINA S.A. DINA (''Diesel Nacional, S.A. de C.V'', in English: ''National Diesel'') is a Mexican bus and truck manufacturer based in Ciudad Sahagún, Hidalgo, Mexico. It was created by the federal government of Mexico in 1951 as Diesel Nacional, S.A., and ...
Brighter (stylized as BRighTer to emphasize its use in BRT systems) buses to the Macrobús fleet. The newer DINA buses are compliant with the stricter
Euro V The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards for pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and EEA member states and the UK, and ships in EU waters. The standards are defined in a seri ...
emissions standard, and are equipped with a
Cummins Cummins Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs, manufactures, and distributes engines, filtration, and power generation products. Cummins also services engines and related equipment, including fuel systems, controls, air ...
ISM 10.8L six-cylinder engine and a six-speed
Allison Transmission Allison Transmission is an American manufacturer of commercial duty automatic transmissions and hybrid propulsion systems. Allison products are specified by over 250 vehicle manufacturers and are used in many market sectors including bus, refuse, ...
. Neither the Volvo nor DINA buses are equipped with air conditioning. For the Periférico Line, Macrobús will use 37 articulated buses built on the
Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz (), commonly referred to as Mercedes and sometimes as Benz, is a German luxury and commercial vehicle automotive brand established in 1926. Mercedes-Benz AG (a Mercedes-Benz Group subsidiary established in 2019) is headquartere ...
O 500 MA 2836 chassis, bodied by
Busscar Busscar Ônibus S.A. was a Brazilian bus manufacturer that built coaches, trolleybuses, charter and tour buses, founded on 17 September 1946. The company was based in Joinville in the south of Brazil, where it had industrial premises that cover , ...
. The O 500 MA 2836 is also compliant with the Euro V emissions standard and is equipped with a six-cylinder OM 457 diesel engine.


Impact and ridership

As of February 2008, there were 130 bus routes running along Calzada Independencia and Gobernador Curiel, serviced by more than 2,000 buses. The goal of the BRT is to replace all non-BRT buses along the route. Many routes will be eliminated altogether and others altered so as to cross the BRT route and serve as feeder buses. It is expected that upon the initial route's launch, the BRT system will achieve a daily ridership of over 174,000 passengers.


References


Further reading

*State of Jalisco Press Release, "Cuenta Jalisco con visión de movilidad urbana necesaria" (February 29, 2008) *Héctor Padilla, "Aseguran que BRT moverá más pasajeros que el Tren Ligero y bajará la polución", El Mural (March 1, 2008)


External links


Official Macrobús siteState of Jalisco Macrobus photo gallery
{{Urban public transport in Mexico Mi Macro Transport companies established in 2009