Greenlandic krone
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The Greenlandic krone ( kl, koruuni, da, grønlandsk krone) was a planned currency for
Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...
, plans of which were abandoned in 2009. The same name is often used for currency issued during Greenland's time as a Danish colony. The name ''krone'' is derived from the Danish krone, introduced in an 1873 currency reform that replaced Danish ''mark'' and ''skilling''. Currently, the Danish krone circulates in Greenland. The Greenland krone was not intended to be an independent currency but a version of the Danish krone. Consequently, it was not intended to have its own ISO 4217 currency code, but to use the same ISO 4217 code as the Danish krone, which is DKK. Even if the currency had been adopted, the (regular) Danish krone would have continued to circulate separately.


History

As in
Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark ...
, the krone replaced the rigsdaler in 1874 at a rate of 2 kroner = 1 rigsdaler. All issues of the krone in Greenland have been equivalent in value to the Danish krone. During the last part of the 19th century, while still a Danish colony, several mining companies operating in Greenland issued their own currencies. Distinct zinc currency was also introduced in the newly founded colony of Amassalik. Between 1926 and 1964, the Danish government's trade monopoly, ''Kongelig Grønlandske Handel'' (''Royal Greenlandic Trade'') introduced a series of distinct coins for use on Greenland. In 1944, the colonial administration issued a 5-kroner coin, using a similar design as the then-circulating 1-krone piece but produced at the U.S. Mint in
Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...
. Although the colonies in Greenland were incorporated into Denmark by the 1953 change to the
Danish constitution The Constitutional Act of the Realm of Denmark ( da, Danmarks Riges Grundlov), also known as the Constitutional Act of the Kingdom of Denmark, or simply the Constitution ( da, Grundloven, fo, Grundlógin, kl, Tunngaviusumik inatsit), is the c ...
, the Greenlandic administration continued to issue its own banknotes until 1968. In 2006, the government of Denmark and the home rule authority on Greenland announced that an agreement had been reached to produce a distinct Greenlandic version of the Danish krone (DKK) bills, a similar relationship as between the
Faroese króna The króna (plural: ''krónur''; sign: kr) is the currency of the Faroe Islands. It is issued by Danmarks Nationalbank, the central bank of Denmark. It is not a separate currency, but is rather a local issue of banknotes denominated in the Dani ...
and the Danish krone. A bill to this effect was passed unanimously by the
Danish parliament The Folketing ( da, Folketinget, ; ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national legislature (parliament) of the Kingdom of Denmark—Denmark proper together with the Faroe Islands an ...
in May 2007. The bill specifies the nature of the new issue: However, in a vote in mid-October 2009, Greenland decided not to introduce its own notes for now.


Coins

In 1926, cupronickel 25 øre and aluminium-bronze 50 øre and 1 krone were issued. The coins were the same size and composition as the corresponding Danish coins. However, the 25 øre was not holed, although some were withdrawn from circulation, holed and then reissued. In 1944, brass 5-kroner coins, produced by the
Philadelphia Mint The Philadelphia Mint in Philadelphia was created from the need to establish a national identity and the needs of commerce in the United States. This led the Founding Fathers of the United States to make an establishment of a continental national ...
in the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
, were issued. A second issue of aluminium-bronze 1 krone was made in 1957, followed by cupronickel versions in 1960 and 1964. A related foreign issue is the 2-kroner coin that Denmark minted in 1953. To commemorate the start of an anti-
tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...
campaign in Greenland, 200,000 pieces were struck. On the obverse are profiles of King
Frederik IX of Denmark Frederick IX ( da, Christian Frederik Franz Michael Carl Valdemar Georg; 11 March 1899 – 14 January 1972) was King of Denmark from 1947 to 1972. Born into the House of Glücksburg, Frederick was the elder son of King Christian X and Quee ...
and
Queen Ingrid Ingrid of Sweden (born: Princess Ingrid Victoria Sofia Louise Margareta of Sweden; 28 March 1910 – 7 November 2000) was Queen of Denmark from 1947 until 1972 as the wife of King Frederick IX. Born into the House of Bernadotte, she was the daug ...
. The reverse shows a map of the island with the native name, ''Kalåtdlit Nunat'', above it. The coin is considered part of the Danish krone series of mintages.


Banknotes

In 1874, ''Handelsstederne i Grønland'' issued 50-øre and 1-krone notes, followed by 25-øre notes the next year. In 1887, 5-kroner notes were introduced. The Handelsstederne continued to issue notes until 1905. In 1911, the ''Kongelige Grønlandske Handel'' began issuing paper money, with notes in denominations of 25 and 50 øre, 1 and 5 kroner. In 1913, colonial notes (marked ''Styrelse af Kolonierne i Grønland'') were introduced in denominations of 25 and 50 øre, 1 and 5 kroner. From 1926, colonial notes were marked ''Grønlands Styrelse'', the denominations below 5 kroner ceased production and 10- and 50-kroner notes were introduced. In 1953, the Kongelige Grønlandske Handel resumed note production with 5-, 10- and 50-kroner notes, whilst credit notes (''Kreditsedler'') for 100 kroner were also issued. These notes were produced until 1967.


See also

*
Economy of Greenland The economy of Greenland is characterized as small, mixed and vulnerable. Greenland's economy consists of a large public sector and comprehensive foreign trade. This has resulted in an economy with periods of strong growth, considerable inflatio ...


Notes


References

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External links


Greenland Paper Money

Currency of Greenland
{{Portal bar, Money, Numismatics, North America Modern obsolete currencies Currencies of the Kingdom of Denmark Currencies of North America Krone