Great Bromley
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Great Bromley is a village and
civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authorit ...
in the
Tendring Tendring is a village and civil parish in Essex. It gives its name to the Tendring District and before that the Tendring Hundred. Its name was given to the larger groupings because it was at the centre, not because it was larger than the other ...
district of
Essex Essex () is a county in the East of England. One of the home counties, it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north, the North Sea to the east, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent across the estuary of the River Thames to the south, and Grea ...
, England. It lies south of
Manningtree Manningtree is a town and civil parish in the Tendring district of Essex, England, which lies on the River Stour. It is part of the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Natural Beauty. Smallest town claim Manningtree has traditionally claimed to b ...
and east of
Colchester Colchester ( ) is a city in Essex, in the East of England. It had a population of 122,000 in 2011. The demonym is Colcestrian. Colchester occupies the site of Camulodunum, the first major city in Roman Britain and its first capital. Colch ...
and includes the hamlets of Balls Green, Hare Green and Bromley Cross. The A120 trunk road (with the A133 as a spur off it) cuts right through the middle of the parish.


History

Ancient burial mounds have been found in and around Great Bromley. The village church dates from the 14th and 15th centuries and is dedicated to
Saint George Saint George (Greek: Γεώργιος (Geórgios), Latin: Georgius, Arabic: القديس جرجس; died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was a Christian who is venerated as a saint in Christianity. According to tradition he was a soldie ...
but is sometimes referred to as the "Cathedral of the Tendring Hundred." The village and the surrounding area, like much of East Anglia, had residents who were seething with
Puritan The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become more Protestant. ...
sentiment during the early and middle years of the 17th century. By 1635, brothers Gregory and Simon Stone had departed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony as part of the wave of emigration that occurred during the Great Migration. They settled in
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a College town, university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cam ...
and
Watertown, Massachusetts Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, and is part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End. Waterto ...
respectively. During the interwar period, the Hall was the home of the wealthy brewer Sir Percy Crossman. Its grounds included a 500-yard-long lake, with two small islands and surrounded by woodland, which still exists and is used by a local angling club. Sir Percy built a Village Hall next to a cricket pitch in about 1923; in 1946 the building and associated land was conveyed as a gift to the village by his son, Douglas Peter Crossman. The Church includes a monument to three sons from the Hanson family, owners of the Hall, one of whom died in battle in Catalonia fighting Napoleon's forces in Spain, one in the Navy, and one on a ship of the East India Company. In the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...
, Great Bromley Church suffered bomb damage on three occasions, to windows on the east and north sides. Between 1936 and 1939, AMES 24, one of the earliest Chain Home radar stations, was built in the area of Honeypot Lane and Hilliards Road. By 1941 it consisted of 3 358-foot steel, 4 247-foot wooden, and 2 120-foot reserve wooden towers – locally known as "the Pylons". The station was operational from the 1938 Czech Crisis onwards, and operated right through the war, plotting German aircraft during the Battle of Britain and the Blitz, and later the V2 rockets. In 1941 and 1942 it was also the first " Gee" Bomber Command HQ and monitoring station, helping to guide the RAF to Lübeck and Cologne. The Great Bromley RAF staff reached over 250 at its peak, some staying at the Lodge and in a camouflaged "B Site" nearby localled called "Bromley Camp". AMES 24 was near-missed by German bombs and mines on several occasions, but was not hit. Between 1940 and 1942 the station was defended by up to 100 soldiers, 3 Bofors, and several machine guns. Two guardhouses and three concrete tower bases still be seen on the two main sites. After the war, the old radar T (Transmitter) Site in Hilliards Road was used by Marconi for important radio and television tests, for Police, Fire Brigade and Civil Defence radio relay, and as a radio relay link between the US Air Force in England and Germany. A small party of American airmen lived locally in order to man the radio trailers. In 1982 CND staged two anti-nuclear demos at the USAF facility, without damage or arrests.Local press, Marconi Review, USAF files, correspondence with Police and Fire Brigade engineers and local families resident at the sites.


Today

In 2006, the church of St. George received a £2,000 grant from the Friends of Essex Churches Trust to repair the building's windows.


References


External links


Great Bromley village website

Great Bromley Parish Council

Great Bromley Village Hall

Entry in Kelly's Directory of Essex, 1882

Friends of Essex Churches Trust website
{{authority control Villages in Essex Civil parishes in Essex Tendring