The ''Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle'' (''Great Universal Dictionary of the 19th Century''), often called the ''Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième'', is a French encyclopedic dictionary. It was planned, directed, published, and to a substantial degree written by

Pierre Larousse Pierre Athanase Larousse (23 October 18173 January 1875) was a French grammarian, lexicographer and encyclopaedist. He published many of the outstanding educational and reference works of 19th-century France, including the 15-volume '' Grand di ...

, though he also relied on anonymous fellow contributors and though he died in 1875, before its completion. The publication of the ''Grand dictionnaire universel'' in 15 volumes of 1500 pages extended from 1866 to 1876. Two supplements were published in 1877 and 1890.

Description

Volumes 1–15, covering A-Z, were issued from 1866 to 1876. A supplement (Volume 16) was published in 1877, and a second supplement (Volume 17), in 1890.Se
vol. 17, pp. 2023–2024
The Larousse firm also published further supplements in the form of a magazine called ''Revue encyclopédique'' (1891-1900) then ''Revue universelle'' (1900-1905). Unlike Émile Littré's contemporary dictionary, the ''Grand Larousse'' is primarily an encyclopedia. It is opinionated and has a distinctive and personal style. One such instance of subjectivity appears regarding emperor

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

. For Pierre Larousse, what the Republic's general had done until the ''coup'' of 18 Brumaire was virtuous and glorious, but the ''coup'' and the subsequent rule of the

consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states throu ...

and

emperor An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereignty, sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), ...

were a tyrant's doings. Hence, the ''Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième'' had two entries: one for ''Bonaparte, Napoleon'', who, according to the article, died on the 18 Brumaire (9 November 1799); and one for ''Napoleon'' referring to the consul and emperor. Though it is true that Napoleon Bonaparte "changed" his name to Napoleon I, he only did so at his crowning as emperor, not after the 18 Brumaire ''coup''.

''Nouveau Larousse illustré''

The '' Nouveau Larousse illustré'' was an illustrated encyclopedia published 1897-1904 by Éditions Larousse and edited by Claude Augé. It was essentially a scaled-down, updated and more neutral version of the ''Grand Larousse du dix-neuvième''.

References

External links

Digitized version
on Gallica, the Bibliothèque nationale de France's digital collection.
A digitization project
Includes much background material and bibliography on 19c French dictionaries and encyclopedias. In French. * Online copies of ''Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle'' at the

Internet Archive The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ...

: Grand Dictionnaire universel du XIXe siecle, Larousse Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siecle, Larousse Éditions Larousse books 1866 books 19th-century encyclopedias {{encyclopedia-stub

Description

''Nouveau Larousse illustré''

See also

References

External links