Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich of Russia (russian: Михаи́л Па́влович; ''Mikhail Pavlovich'') (8 February 1798 S 28 January– 9 September 1849

S 28 August S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History ...

was a Russian grand duke, the tenth child and fourth son of

Paul I of Russia Paul I (russian: Па́вел I Петро́вич ; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination. Officially, he was the only son of Peter III and Catherine the Great, although Catherine hinted that he was fathered by her l ...

and his second wife,

Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg Sophie is a version of the female given name Sophia, meaning "wise". People with the name Born in the Middle Ages * Sophie, Countess of Bar (c. 1004 or 1018–1093), sovereign Countess of Bar and lady of Mousson * Sophie of Thuringia, Duchess of ...

, who took the name Maria Feodorovna. He was the younger brother of two Tsars,

Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon 495–454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Pope Alexander I (died 115), early bishop of Rome * Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (died 320s), patriarch of A ...

and Nicholas I, and the disputed Tsar Konstantin I.

Life

Mikhail was the only one of his siblings to be ' born in the purple', that is born whilst his father was Tsar. As a child he was tutored by General I. M. Lamzdorf, but was primarily taught by his mother. Maria Feodorovna who taught her sons science in an attempt to persuade them from building military careers. Ultimately, this would be of no use, as at the age of sixteen, Michael took part in the campaign against

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...

. In 1825, he took part in repressing the

Decembrist revolt The Decembrist Revolt ( ru , Восстание декабристов, translit = Vosstaniye dekabristov , translation = Uprising of the Decembrists) took place in Russia on , during the interregnum following the sudden death of Emperor Al ...

.Between 1826 and 1828, he fought in the

Russo-Turkish War The Russo-Turkish wars (or Ottoman–Russian wars) were a series of twelve wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 20th centuries. It was one of the longest series of military conflicts in European histo ...

as Commander of the Guards Corps and in the

November Uprising The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. The uprising began on 29 November 1830 in W ...

. As a result of his assult on

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officiall ...

, he was awarded the rank of

Adjutant general An adjutant general is a military chief administrative officer. France In Revolutionary France, the was a senior staff officer, effectively an assistant to a general officer. It was a special position for lieutenant-colonels and colonels in staf ...

. Mikhail never played a serious role in state affairs much to the chargrin of his wife Elena.

Marriage and issue

In St. Petersburg on 19 February 1824, Michael married his first cousin once removed, Princess Charlotte of Württemberg (1807–1873), the daughter of

Prince Paul of Württemberg Prince Paul of Württemberg (Paul Heinrich Karl Friedrich August; 19 January 1785 – 16 April 1852) was the fourth child and second son of King Frederick I and his wife, Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Early life Paul was born in St ...

and

Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen (17 June 1787 Hildburghausen – 12 December 1847 Bamberg) was the child of Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and his wife, Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was the wife of Prince Pau ...

, thus was his first-cousin-once-removed as the daughter of his mother's cousin. Charlotte took the name Elena Pavlovna upon converting to

Orthodoxy Orthodoxy (from Greek: ) is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion. Orthodoxy within Christianity refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and ecumenical councils in Antiquity, but different Church ...

. They had five daughters, four of whom predeceased them: *

Grand Duchess Maria Mikhailovna of Russia Grand Duchess Maria Mikhailovna of Russia (Russian language, Russian: Мария Михайловна) (9 March 1825 – 19 November 1846) was the firstborn child and first daughter of Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich, the youngest son of Paul I of R ...

(9 March 1825,

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

– 19 November 1846,

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

); died unmarried. * Grand Duchess Elizaveta Mikhailovna of Russia (26 May 1826, Moscow – 28 January, 1845

Wiesbaden Wiesbaden () is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the state of Hesse. , it had 290,955 inhabitants, plus approximately 21,000 United States citizens (mostly associated with the United States Army). The Wiesbaden urban area ...

); married Adolf, Duke of Nassau and died in childbirth. * Grand Duchess Ekaterina Mikhailovna of Russia (28 August 1827 – 12 May 1894), married

Duke Georg August of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , spouse = Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of Russia , house = House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , father = George, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz , mother = Princess Marie of Hesse-Kassel , birth_date = , birth_place ...

. * Grand Duchess Alexandra Mikhailovna of Russia (28 January 1831, Moscow – 27 March 1832, Moscow), died in infancy. * Grand Duchess Anna Mikhailovna of Russia (27 October 1834, Moscow – 22 March 1836,

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

), died in infancy. Mikhail had a child with a mistress, named Nadezhda Mikhailovna Yunina (1 December 1843 - 9 July 1908TsGIA SPb. f. 19. op.127. file 2194. Metric books of the Transfiguration Cathedral in Narva.) who was adopted by

Alexander von Stieglitz Baron Alexander von Stieglitz (russian: link=no, Александр Людвигович Штиглиц; 1814–1884) was a Russian financier. He was the first governor of the State Bank of the Russian Empire, the predecessor organization to toda ...

and his wife. Nadezhda married Alexander Polovtsov and had issue. The marriage was not known to be a happy one. Mikhail's devotion to the army often resulted in the neglect of his wife. Mikhail's treatment towards his wife may have been influenced by his older brother Konstatin's anti-german views following his own disastrous marriage with

Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Coburg, 23 September 1781 – Elfenau, near Bern, Switzerland, 12 August 1860), also known as Grand Duchess Anna Feodorovna of Russia (russian: Анна Фёдоровна), was a German princess of the du ...

. Mikhailovsky Palace was built by Carlo Rossi for Grand Duke Michael between 1819–1825, where the family lived. The Palace now holds the

Russian Museum The State Russian Museum (russian: Государственный Русский музей), formerly the Russian Museum of His Imperial Majesty Alexander III (russian: Русский Музей Императора Александра III), on ...

. Upon the death of Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, the

Pavlovsk Palace Pavlovsk Palace (russian: Павловский дворец) is an 18th-century Russian Imperial residence built by the order of Catherine the Great for her son Grand Duke Paul, in Pavlovsk, within Saint Petersburg. After his death, ...

was bequeathed to Mikhail. He and his wife visited the palace often. Mikhail died in

, aged 51. Through his daughter Ekaterina, Mikhail the great-great-great-grandfather of Duke Georg Borwin of Mecklenburg who is the current head of the

House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz The House of Mecklenburg, also known as Nikloting, is a North German dynasty of Slavic origin that ruled until 1918 in the Mecklenburg region, being among the longest-ruling families of Europe. Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (1909–2004), fo ...

Ancestry

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Michael Pavlovich Of Russia, Grand Duke 1798 births 1849 deaths 18th-century people from the Russian Empire People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov Russian grand dukes Members of the State Council (Russian Empire) Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Second Degree Knights Grand Cross of the Military Order of William Russian people of the November Uprising Children of Paul I of Russia Sons of emperors Burials at Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg