The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is a global system for sustained observations of the ocean comprising the oceanographic component of the Global Earth Observing System of Systems (
GEOSS
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) was built by the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) on the basis of a 10-Year Implementation Plan running from 2005 to 2015. GEOSS seeks to connect the producers of environmental data and decisi ...
). GOOS is administrated by the
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC/UNESCO) was established by resolution 2.31 adopted by the General Conference of UNESCO. It first met in Paris at Unesco Headquarters from 19 to 27 October 1961. Initially, 40 States becam ...
(IOC), and joins the Global Climate Observing System,
GCOS, and Global Terrestrial Observing System,
GTOS, as fundamental building blocks of the GEOSS.
GOOS is a platform for:
* International cooperation for sustained observations of the oceans.
* Generation of oceanographic products and services.
* Interaction between research, operational, and user communities.
GOOS serves oceanographic researchers, coastal managers, parties to international conventions, national meteorological and oceanographic agencies, hydrographic offices, marine and coastal industries, policy makers and the interested general public.
GOOS is sponsored by the IOC,
UNEP
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is responsible for coordinating responses to environmental issues within the United Nations system. It was established by Maurice Strong, its first director, after the United Nations Conference on ...
,
WMO
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting international cooperation on atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology and geophysics.
The WMO originated from the Internatio ...
and
ICSU
The International Council for Science (ICSU, after its former name, International Council of Scientific Unions) was an international non-governmental organization devoted to international cooperation in the advancement of science. Its members ...
. It is implemented by member states via their government agencies, navies and oceanographic research institutions working together in a wide range of thematic panels and regional alliances.
The GOOS Scientific Steering Committee provides guidance, while Scientific and Technical Panels evaluate Essential Ocean Variable observation systems. The secretariat director, from 2004 to 2011 was Keith Alverson. The secretariat director from 2011–present is Albert Fischer.
Essential ocean variables
Essential Ocean Variables are a collection of ocean properties selected in a way so as to provide the best, most cost-effective suite of data that enable quantification of key ocean processes. They are selected based on their Relevance, Feasibility and Cost effectiveness. They fall into four categories - physics, biogeochemistry, ecosystems and cross-disciplinary. Their consistent usage is promoted by agencies such as GOOS and
Southern
Southern may refer to:
Businesses
* China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China
* Southern Airways, defunct US airline
* Southern Air, air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US
* Southern Airways Express, M ...
.
The EOVs are:
*Physics
**Sea state
**Ocean surface stress
**
Sea ice
Sea ice arises as seawater freezes. Because ice is less dense than water, it floats on the ocean's surface (as does fresh water ice, which has an even lower density). Sea ice covers about 7% of the Earth's surface and about 12% of the world's o ...
**
Sea surface height
Ocean surface topography or sea surface topography, also called ocean dynamic topography, are highs and lows on the ocean surface, similar to the hills and valleys of Earth's land surface depicted on a topographic map.
These variations are ex ...
**
Sea surface temperature
Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the ocean temperature close to the surface. The exact meaning of ''surface'' varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between and below the sea surface. Air mas ...
**Subsurface temperature
**Surface currents
**Subsurface currents
**Sea surface salinity
**Subsurface salinity
**Ocean surface heat flux
*Biogeochemistry
**Oxygen
**Nutrients
**Inorganic carbon
**Transient tracers
**Particulate matter
**Nitrous oxide
**Stable carbon isotopes
**Dissolved organic carbon
*Ecosystems
**Phytoplankton biomass and diversity
**Zooplankton biomass and diversity
**Fish abundance and distribution
**Marine turtles, birds, mammals abundance and distribution
**Hard coral cover and composition
**Seagrass cover and composition
**Macroalgal canopy cover and composition
**Mangrove cover and composition
**Microbe biomass and diversity (*emerging)
**Invertebrate abundance and distribution (*emerging)
*Cross-disciplinary
**Ocean colour
**Ocean Sound
See also
*
Integrated Ocean Observing System
The Integrated Ocean Observing SystemIOOS is an organization of systems that routinely and continuously provides quality controlled data and information on current and future states of the oceans and Great Lakes from the global scale of ocean basi ...
*
Terrestrial Ecosystem Monitoring Sites
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)french: link=no, Organisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; it, Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Alimentazione e l'Agricoltura is an intern ...
(GTOS)
References
External links
GOOS Web
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goos
Oceanography
Earth observation projects