The Global Food Security Index consists of a set of indices from 113 countries. It measures
food security
Food security speaks to the availability of food in a country (or geography) and the ability of individuals within that country (geography) to access, afford, and source adequate foodstuffs. According to the United Nations' Committee on World ...
across most of the countries of the world. It was first published in 2012, and is managed and updated annually by ''
The Economist
''The Economist'' is a British weekly newspaper printed in demitab format and published digitally. It focuses on current affairs, international business, politics, technology, and culture. Based in London, the newspaper is owned by The Eco ...
''
's intelligence unit.
Global Food Production
Food security differs around the world, with some regions being much more prone to food insecurity due to both lack of fertile land, as well as capital that could procure sufficient food through the purchasing of imports.
[Baryshnikova, Natalia & Klimecka-Tatar, Dorota & Kiriliuk, Olga. (2019). The Role of the Foreign Trade in Ensuring Food Security in the Countries of the World: An Empirical Analysis. System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Top-5-food-exporters-and-importers-in-the-world-based-on-WTO-2018_tbl1_332101515] This demand for food is steadily growing, especially in developing countries, with studies showing it is likely to grow between 70%-100% over the next four decades.
[Baulcombe, David (October 2009)]
"Reaping the benefits Science and the sustainable intensification of global agriculture"
(PDF). ''The Royal Society''. Much research is underway to increase the productivity of crops, and therefore cultivate a greater volume of food.
But, unless that research extends to countries characterized by poor, high-density populations, Global Food Security Index scores are likely to decrease in the coming years.
Some journals, such as Science, suggest that it is imported that play the biggest role in producing these index scores, as in
developing countries
A developing country is a sovereign state with a lesser developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries. However, this definition is not universally agreed upon. There is also no clear agreem ...
, a much greater percentage of the working force is dedicated to agriculture, yet they remain the countries with the lowest Global Food Security Index Scores.
This is further illustrated by the fact that the United States and Singapore consistently have the two highest Global Food Security Index scores, even though the portion of their respective economies dealing with agriculture is comparatively negligible.
[Maricic, Bulajic, Dobrota, Jeremic, Milica, Milica, Marina, Veljko]
"Redesigning The Global Food Security Index: A Multivariate Composite I-Distance Indicator Approach"
''International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics''. Vol. 4 No. 1, Special Issue, 2016: 69–86.
Criteria
The following parameters are considered for giving ranking to the countries.
# Nutritional standards
# Urban absorption capacity
# Food consumption as a share of household expenditure
# Food loss
# Protein quality
# Agricultural import tariffs
# Diet diversification
# Agricultural infrastructure
# Volatility of agricultural production
# Proportion of population under the global poverty line
# Gross domestic product per capita (US$ PPP)
# Presence of food safety net programs
# Access to financing for farmers
# Public expenditure on agricultural R&D
# Corruption
# Political stability risk
# Sufficiency of supply
# Food safety
2022
Source:
2019
References
External links
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Food security
Global economic indicators
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