Giyani
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Giyani is a town situated in the North-eastern part of
Limpopo Province Limpopo is the northernmost province of South Africa. It is named after the Limpopo River, which forms the province's western and northern borders. The capital and largest city in the province is Polokwane, while the provincial legislature is ...
,
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
. It is the administrative capital of the
Mopani District Municipality Mopani is one of the 5 districts of Limpopo province of South Africa. The seat of Mopani is Giyani. According to the 2016 Community Survey it has a population of 1,159,185. The district code is DC33. After the 12th amendment of the Constitution of ...
, and a former capital of the defunct Gazankulu
bantustan A Bantustan (also known as Bantu homeland, black homeland, black state or simply homeland; ) was a territory that the National Party administration of South Africa set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now ...
. The town of Giyani has seven sections: Section A, Section D1, Section D2, Section E, Section F, Kremetart, and Giyani CBD. Risinga View and Church View are new residential areas in Giyani, but fall under local Traditional Leaders. The Giyani CBD is nicknamed Benstore, and this name is commonly used by residents of the region. Giyani is surrounded by a number of villages with rich Tsonga cultural activities, administered by the Greater Giyani Local Municipality. Prof. Hudson Ntsanwisi, the former Chief minister of Gazankulu, played a vital role in establishing the town. Giyani is situated at the intersection between
R578 road (South Africa) The R578 is a 100 km long Regional Route in South Africa. The construction of the large section of the road, from Elim to Giyani (84 km of the Road) was surveyed, planned and constructed by the former Gazankulu Government in 1987. The ...
and R81. It is located in the heart of the Limpopo Bushveld, on the northern bank of the Klein Letaba River west of Kruger National Park. Situated in the northern portion of former Gazankulu, Giyani was established in the 1960s as the administrative centre for the
Tsonga people The Tsonga people ( ts, Vatsonga) are a Bantu peoples, Bantu ethnic group primarily native to Southern Mozambique and South Africa (Limpopo and Mpumalanga). They speak Xitsonga, a Southern Bantu language. A very small number of Tsonga people ar ...
. Giyani lies 470 km north east of
Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a megacity, and is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. According to Dem ...
by road, 104 km from
Tzaneen Tzaneen () is a large tropical garden town situated in the Mopani District Municipality of the Limpopo province in South Africa. It is situated in a high rainfall fertile region with tropical and subtropical agriculture taking place in a region ...
, 105 km from the
Phalaborwa Phalaborwa (translated to English as ''better than the south; phala'' means ''better than and borwa'' means ''south'') is a town in the Mopani District Municipality, Limpopo province, South Africa. It is located near the confluence of the Ga-Se ...
Gate of the Kruger National Park and 35 km from Malamulele. In 1969 the Gazankulu Government named a new ward at Elim Hospital 'Giyani Ward' in honour of the Gazankulu capital.


History

Giyani was established during the 1960s as a capital city of Gazankulu, on land belonging to the Homu Royal Family. The Risinga Community (under headman Chabalala) originally came from the Elim district, next to the township of
Waterval Waterval is a residential township in front of Elim Hospital, it is situated in the Hlanganani district of the former Tsonga homeland of Gazankulu, alongside the R578 road to Giyani in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Waterval includes , ...
. The Old Parliament Buildings in Giyani, the ministerial houses as well as the Palace of the Chief Minister of Gazankulu were built on what used to be the Chief's Kraal and headquarters of the Risinga Community. Across the main road, the Risinga Community used to drive their herds of cattle for grazing at a place known today as Giyani Golf course. Giyani Section E, Section A, Section D1 and D2 and CBD of Giyani, known as Bendstore were villages of the Risinga Community. The Risinga Community was forcefully removed from their land during the 1960s in order to make way for the new Capital of Gazankulu and were relocated at the foothills of Man'ombe Mountain in Homu Block 14 and Makoxa Village with their chief, Hosi Homu Chabalala.


Land claims

The Risinga Community, under Hosi Homu Chabalala successfully claimed back their land, which includes; Giyani Section E, Section A, Section D1 and D2 and some parts of Section F, the whole of Man'ombe Mountain nature reserve and the entire Giyani CBD was given back to Hosi Homu Chabalala under the settlements scheme with Government. While the other Chabalala headman, Hosi Siyandhanim, successfully claimed some parts of Giyani Section E and section F and the western portion of Giyani CBD, Mapuve, Jim Nghalalume and Siyandhani as a host village. Hosi Maswanganyi (Mavhusa) also successfully claimed back their land, which includes: Gandlanani, Basani, N'wamankena, Dingamadzi, Sikhunyani, Kremetart, Dzingidzingi A, B and C, Bode A and B, Mencisi and Maswanganyi Village. Hosi Khakhala also successfully claimed back their land, which includes: Muyexe Block 01, Mninginisi Block 02, Mninginisi Block 03, N'wadzekudzeku Block 04, Shivulani Block 05A, Mbatlo Block 05B, Mavalani Block 06, Thomo Block 07, Khakhala Block 08A, Mhlava Block 08B, and Gawula Block 09 Village.


Culture

Most residents of Giyani speak
Xitsonga Tsonga () or Xitsonga ( ''Xitsonga'') as an endonym, is a Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people of southern Africa. It is mutually intelligible with Tswa and Ronga and the name "Tsonga" is often used as a cover term for all three, als ...
as their first language. The Tsonga women perform the '' xibelani dance''and called the dance Xigaza, the men enjoy ''mpuluto'' and ''makhwaya''. The Tsonga people also engage in a custom dance called ''mchongolo''. Xibelani is an African skirt designed to make the wearer's hips look bigger so that the hip movement during the xibelani dance can be more apparent. The Tsonga people have their own distinct music when the xibelani dance is performed. The staple diet in Giyani is maize porridge (vuswa or pap in Afrikaans and rice often eaten with meat, chicken and vegetables (matsavu)). "Giyani" is one of the tracks on the album "Third World Child" by
Johnny Clegg Jonathan Paul Clegg, (7 June 195316 July 2019) was a South African musician, singer-songwriter, dancer, anthropologist and anti-apartheid activist, some of whose work was in musicology focused on the music of indigenous South African people ...
and his band
Savuka Savuka, occasionally referred to as Johnny Clegg & Savuka, was a multi-racial South African band formed in 1986 by Johnny Clegg after the disbanding of Juluka. Savuka's music blended traditional Zulu musical influences with Celtic music and ro ...
, written about leaving the stress of Johannesburg to get some peace and quiet in Giyani.


Climate

Giyani is situated within the sub-tropical zone. It can be very hot in summer, reaching a maximum temperature of 41 °C in summer and 25 °C during winter. Winters are mild during the day and cold during the nights. Rainfall season is between September and March, while the winter season is from April to August.


Economy

Giyani's economy is predominately rural-based. Cattle ranching and production of maize, peanuts, tomatoes, potatoes, mangoes and bananas forms the backbone of farming. With the economic boom, Giyani has now become a major retail and entertainment centre for the local population. Modern shopping centres, with all the well-known chain stores presented, have vastly uplifted the local trade.


Residential areas

Residential area in the surrounding the Giyani CBD include Giyani Section A, E and F, D1, D2 & Kremetart Two more residential areas being Risinga view and Church view aka Homu block 15 have recently been established. These two fall under local Traditional Leaders. Other communities under Traditional Leaders (Tihosi) includes Siyandhani, Dzingi-dzingi, ka-Ndhambi, Mageva, Bambeni, Daniel (Makhwivirini), Maphata, Munghonghoma, Ngove, Khaxani, Mphagani, Xitlakati, Mayephu, N'wa-Marhanga, Xamfana, Nkomo A, Kheyi, Loloka, Maswanganyi, Mbhedle, Mushiane, Mayephu, Dzumeri Township, Hluvukani, Khaxani(Mhintlwa), Makhuva, Xawela Bloc 23, Xikhumba, Mbawula, Phalaubeni, Hlomela, Ndindani, Vuhehli, Nkomo B, Nkomo C, N'wa-Khuwani, Bambeni, Mzilela, Matsotsosela, Dzumeri RDP, Homu, Sikhunyani, Mninginisi, Xikukwani,Mavalani, Nkurhi, Tomu, Basani.


Education

Some of the independent schools in Giyani include Khanyisa Education Centre, Risinga Secondary School, Nkwangulatilo Education centre, Nyukani Education Centre, High Quality Education Centres, Giyani College of Technology and Management and Muhluri Combine School. Public schools include Kheto Nxumayo Agricultural High School and Giyani High School.


Tertiary Institutions in or near Giyani

*Giyani Campus Of Nursing College *Limpopo Province College of Nursing *Letaba FET College (Giyani Campus) *Giyani Education Multipurpose Centre


Roads

The R81 is the major road that runs through Giyani. It links Giyani to Polokwane and Malamulele and joins the R524 to Punda Maria entrance gate of the Kruger National Park. The R81 joins the N1 to Pretoria and Johannesburg in Polokwane, next to the Mall of the North.


Sports

Giyani Stadium is the home of
National First Division The National First Division (NFD), officially known as the Motsepe Foundation Championship for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest league of South African club football after the South African Premier Division. Both the NFD and South Afr ...
club Dynamos F.C. (South Africa) Giyani has been home to Giyani United and Giyani Classic. On the athletics front the 100 metre sprint ace Peter "Manero" Ngobeni stayed in Giyani Section A during the 1980s. FiFA Referee late Herman Mashava was from Dzumeri, Mageva Village to be precise.


Notable People

* Phillemon Hlungwani *
Penny Penny Eric Kulani Giyani Nkovani (born 1962), better known by his stage names Penny Penny and Papa Penny is a South African musician and politician, known affectionately as the " Shangaan Disco King" for the musical style he helped popularise. He was ...

Musa Keys
* Gladwin Shitolo * Tinyiko Victor Hlungwani * Kate Chauke


Tourism

Giyani's location in the warm African Bushveld makes it attractive for both local and international visitors. The Giyani Golf course is home to zebra, giraffe, bushbuck and some other herbivores, however the viewing of these animals has not yet been commercialised. At the moment, there are a number of Bed and Breakfast and Guest House facilities for tourists. A few are: Hanyani Lodge, Riverside Guest House, Xisaka Bed and Breakfast, Tihosi Guest House, Elridge Mountain Lodge, Rosanna Guest House, Nwayitelo Lodge and Mopani Guest House. Limpopo Lodge (formerly Giyani Hotel) is situated in the centre of town and managed by the Oasis Group. Man'ombe Nature Reserve is located 6 km east of Giyani. Giyani also borders Kruger National Park on the Western side of the Northern Region. Historically, Giyani had no entry-point to the Kruger National Park even though Giyani shares a long border with Kruger National Park. There was a plan to open a new gate, known as Shangoni Gate at Muyexe Village, 30 km North-East of Giyani town. This gate was supposed to bring much-needed development in the nearby villages of Muyexe, Mahonisi and Mtititi where unemployment is 80%. These villages have been historically poor, despite the fact that they are bordering one of the world best safari destinations.


References

{{Authority control Populated places in the Greater Giyani Local Municipality 1960s establishments in South Africa