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George's Day in Autumn, or Saint George's Day (russian: Егорий Осенний, Yegoriy Osenniy, George's Day in Autumn, or russian: Юрьев день, Yuriev den, George's Day; sr, / ) is one of two feasts of Saint George, celebrated by the
Review
of the book by Laura Stark, ''Peasants, Pilgrims, and Sacred Promises: Ritual and Supernatural in Orthodox Karelian Folk Religion'' {{Efron 15th century in the Grand Duchy of Moscow Serfdom * Eastern Orthodox liturgical days Slavic holidays Folk calendar of the East Slavs 1497 in Europe Saint George's Day
George's Day in Autumn, or Saint George's Day (russian: Егорий Осенний, Yegoriy Osenniy, George's Day in Autumn, or russian: Юрьев день, Yuriev den, George's Day; sr, / ) is one of two feasts of Saint George, celebrated by the Russian Orthodox Church
, native_name_lang = ru
, image = Moscow July 2011-7a.jpg
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, caption = Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow, Russia
, abbreviation = ROC
, type ...
(26 November Julian Calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandr ...
, equivalent to 9 December Gregorian from 1900 to 2099), the Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian denomination, Christian churches.
The majori ...
(3 November Julian Calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandr ...
, equivalent to 16 November Gregorian from 1900 to 2099), and the Georgian Orthodox Church
The Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს სამოციქულო ავტოკეფალური მართლმადიდებელი ეკლესია, tr), commonly ...
(10 November Julian Calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandr ...
, equivalent to 23 November Gregorian from 1900 to 2099), the other being Saint George's Day of Spring (23 April Julian, equivalent to 6 May in the Gregorian calendar from 1900 to 2099).
Yuri's Day in the Autumn, celebrated after the end of the agricultural year and the gathering of the harvest, had a special significance on the calendar of Russian peasants during the centuries when the system of Russian serfdom
The term '' serf'', in the sense of an unfree peasant of tsarist Russia, is the usual English-language translation of () which meant an unfree person who, unlike a slave, historically could be sold only with the land to which they were "att ...
was becoming established. The ''Sudebnik
The Sudebnik of 1497 (''Судебник 1497 года'' in Russian language, Russian, or Civil code, Code of Law) was a collection of laws introduced by Ivan III in 1497. It played a big part in the centralisation of the Russian Sovereign state, ...
'' of 1497 defined the two weeks' period around the Autumn Yuri's Day (one week before the feast and one week after it), as the only time of the year when Russian peasants were free to move from one landowner to another. A century later, in 1597, Boris Godunov
Borís Fyodorovich Godunóv (; russian: Борис Фёдорович Годунов; 1552 ) ruled the Tsardom of Russia as ''de facto'' regent from c. 1585 to 1598 and then as the first non-Rurikid tsar from 1598 to 1605. After the end of his ...
's regency forbade the movement of peasants on Yuri's day, thus finalizing the evolution of Russian serfdom.
A popular Russian expression harking back to that unfortunate event still survives ("вот тебе, бабушка, и Юрьев день", roughly translated: "so much for Yuri's Day, Granny", referring to a broken promise or, more generally, to any failed expectation). The Russian word "объегорить" (meaning to deceive or fool someone, literally, "to Yegor around", with ''Yegor Yegor is a Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian given name. Alternative spellings include Egor, Egori, Yahor,Yehor (Ukrainian), Jegor (common variant in Slavic countries with a Latin alphabet) anThe name has Balto-Slavic origin that means "hunter", ...
'' (russian: Егор)) also being one of the variants of the name "George
George may refer to:
People
* George (given name)
* George (surname)
* George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George
* George Washington, First President of the United States
* George W. Bush, 43rd Presid ...
") has the same origin.
''Đurđic'' is one of major Serbian Slava (patron saint)
Slava ( sr-Cyrl, Слава, lit=Glory, Celebration, ) is a tradition of the ritual of glorification of one's family's patron saint, found mainly among Serbs, Serbian Serbian Orthodox Church, Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Church, Christians. The fam ...
days.
See also
* George's Day in Spring *Saint George's Day
Saint George's Day is the feast day of Saint George, celebrated by Christian churches, countries, and cities of which he is the patron saint, including Bulgaria, England, Georgia, Portugal, Romania, Cáceres, Alcoy, Aragon and Catalonia.
Sai ...
References
*Alexander PanchenkoReview
of the book by Laura Stark, ''Peasants, Pilgrims, and Sacred Promises: Ritual and Supernatural in Orthodox Karelian Folk Religion'' {{Efron 15th century in the Grand Duchy of Moscow Serfdom * Eastern Orthodox liturgical days Slavic holidays Folk calendar of the East Slavs 1497 in Europe Saint George's Day