Gao Xie (; 1877–1958), was a Chinese

scholar A scholar is a person who pursues academic and intellectual activities, particularly academics who apply their intellectualism into expertise in an area of study. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researc ...

calligraphist Calligraphy (from el, link=y, καλλιγραφία) is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instrument. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "t ...

, traditional painter,

publisher Publishing is the activity of making information, literature, music, software and other content available to the public for sale or for free. Traditionally, the term refers to the creation and distribution of printed works, such as books, newsp ...

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems ( oral or wri ...

writer A writer is a person who uses written words in different writing styles and techniques to communicate ideas. Writers produce different forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, books, poetry, travelogues, p ...

, and book collector.

Biography

Landscape painting of XianXian ShanZhuang and Qinshan Hill

Gao was born in Zhangyan ( 張堰), Jinshan,

Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its ca ...

(now

Jinshan District Jinshan District, is a suburban district of southwestern Shanghai, neighboring Zhejiang province and Hangzhou Bay. It has a land area of and a population of 732,500 as of the 2010 Chinese census. Jinshan District, located in the southwest of S ...

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowin ...

), to a wealthy family. He studied law in Shanghai. Gao owned a villa near Qinshan Hill (秦山) in Jinshan, named ''Xianxian Shanzhuang'' (閑閑山莊), and

Huang Binhong Huáng Bīnhóng (; 1865–1955) was a Chinese literati painter and art historian born in Jinhua, Zhejiang province. His ancestral home was She County, Anhui province.Cihai: Page 2056. He was the grandson of artist Huang Fengliu. He would lat ...

painted a '' Shan-Shui'' (landscape painting) for it. The villa was destroyed during the

Second Sino-Japanese War The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) or War of Resistance (Chinese term) was a military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific Th ...

when the Japanese army invaded Shanghai. Gao also had his own family press, library and a book-collecting chamber named ''Chuiwan Chamber'' (吹萬樓) which stored more than 100,000 volumes. In his late years, Gao donated all his book collections to the

Fudan University Fudan University () is a national public research university in Shanghai, China. Fudan is a member of the C9 League, Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First Class University identified by the Ministry of Education of China. It is als ...

Library in Shanghai. His rare collections included more than one thousand versions of ''

Shi Jing The ''Classic of Poetry'', also ''Shijing'' or ''Shih-ching'', translated variously as the ''Book of Songs'', ''Book of Odes'', or simply known as the ''Odes'' or ''Poetry'' (; ''Shī''), is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, co ...

'' from different periods in Chinese history, which was the largest at that time. Gao's

courtesy name A courtesy name (), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name. This practice is a tradition in the East Asian cultural sphere, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.Ulrich Theob ...

is Chuiwan (吹萬, Pinyin: Chuīwàn, Wade–Giles: Ch'ui-wan). He also used many

art-name An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names ''hào'' (in Mandarin), ''gō'' (in Japanese), ''ho'' (in Korean), and ''tên hiệu'' (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by East Asian artists, poets and writers. The ...

s ( hào) and pen names in his work including ''Hanyin'' (寒隱), ''Laorang'' (老攘), ''Huangtian'' (黃天), ''Baoweng'' (葩翁), ''Cishi'' (慈石), ''Shiruo'' (時若). Gao was a leading figure of the South Society which was the largest literature and poetry organization during the late

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-spea ...

and the early period of the Republic of China (ROC). Many of Gao's family members were involved in the founding and development of the society. Gao's relative Gao Xu was one of the three co-founders of the society. Gao's nephew Yao Guang ( 姚光) and son Gao Junxiang ( 高君湘) were also active members of the society. Gao's grandson

Charles K. Kao Sir Charles Kao Kuen Charles K. Kao was elected in 1990
as a memb ...

was awarded the 2009

Nobel Prize in Physics ) , image = Nobel Prize.png , alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of a bearded man facing left in profile. To the left of the man is the text "ALFR•" then "NOBEL", and on the right, the text (smaller) "NAT•" then " ...

for his groundbreaking achievements concerning fiber-optic communication.2009 Nobel Prize in Physics
/ref> Gao's brother's son Ping-Tse Kao was also a physicist, and the Kao Crater on the

moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...

is named after him.

Art

Gao was an accomplished artist and were especially good at calligraphy and Bird-and-flower painting. In 1990s and 2000s, Gao's calligraphies and paintings has been shown in various antique

auction An auction is usually a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering them up for bids, taking bids, and then selling the item to the highest bidder or buying the item from the lowest bidder. Some exceptions to this definition ex ...

s in

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

Hangzhou Hangzhou ( or , ; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ), also romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, whic ...

, and

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i ...

and gained popularity.

Selected publications

Literal Collection of Chuiwan (by Gao Xie)

* ''Collection of Gao Xie'' (高燮集);

Renmin University The Renmin University of China (RUC; ) is a national key public research university in Beijing, China. The university is affiliated to the Ministry of Education, and co-funded by the Ministry and the Beijing Municipal People's Government. RUC ...

Press, 1999-08-01; . * ''Literal Collection of the Chuiwan Chamber'' (Chui wan lou wen ji, "吹萬樓文集"), published in 1941 by Gao Chuiwan's family press, now an antique collection of the

National Library of Australia The National Library of Australia (NLA), formerly the Commonwealth National Library and Commonwealth Parliament Library, is the largest reference library in Australia, responsible under the terms of the ''National Library Act 1960'' for "mainta ...

. * A rearranged version and collection of ''Juemin Magazine'', by Gao Xie, Gao Xu, and Gao Zeng (高增); republished by the Social Sciences Academic Press,

, 1991; collection of the National Library of Australia."Jue min" yue kan zheng li chong pai ben / Gao Xu, Gao Xie, Gao Zeng yuan bian ; Gao Xian, Gu Wenjuan zheng li
/ref>

References

External links

Rao E and Gao Chuiwan
It's about the friendship and stories between Rao and Gao (Rao was father of sinologist Rao Zongyi).
高燮诗学思想与诗歌创作初探 (The Preliminary Study of Gao Xie's Poetic Thought and Poetic Creation)
* The Archives of Shanghai Government

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gao, Xie Qing dynasty poets 1877 births 1958 deaths Republic of China poets People's Republic of China poets Qing dynasty painters Republic of China painters Painters from Shanghai Poets from Shanghai Republic of China calligraphers People's Republic of China calligraphers Qing dynasty calligraphers

Biography

Art

Selected publications

See also

References

External links