Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''GNB2''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (
G proteins
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their ac ...
), which integrate signals between receptors and
effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes.
This gene encodes a
beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain
signal transduction
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellula ...
receptors and effectors. This gene contains a trinucleotide (CCG) repeat length
polymorphism in its 5' UTR.
References
Further reading
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