Frederick William II, Prince of Nassau-Siegen

Prince Frederick William II of Nassau-Siegen (11 November 1706 – 2 March 1734), german: link=no, Friedrich Wilhelm II. Fürst von Nassau-Siegen, official titles: ''Fürst zu Nassau, Graf zu Katzenelnbogen, Vianden, Diez, Limburg und Bronkhorst, Herr zu Beilstein, Stirum, Wisch, Borculo, Lichtenvoorde und Wildenborch, Erbbannerherr des Herzogtums Geldern und der Grafschaft Zutphen'', was since 1722 Fürst of Nassau-Siegen, a part of the County of Nassau. He descended from the House of Nassau-Siegen, a cadet branch of the Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau. He was the last male representative of his lineage, with him the Protestant line of the House of Nassau-Siegen became extinct.

Biography

Frederick William was born in the in SiegenMenk (2004), p. 200. on 11 November 1706All sources that mention a full date of birth, state this date. as the only son of Fürst Frederick William Adolf of Nassau-Siegen and his first wife Landgravine Elisabeth Juliana Francisca of Hesse-Homburg.All sources that mention both parents, name these parents. He was baptised in Siegen on 18 November.Dek (1970), p. 99. His mother died just one year after his birth.

In October 1712, Frederick William Adolf and William Hyacinth, the Catholic Fürst of Nassau-Siegen, reached an agreement about their share in the city of Siegen. William Hyacinth ceded the Catholic land to Frederick William Adolf in exchange for an annual pension of 12,000 ''Reichsthalers''. There was even an intention to marry off Frederick William, the Reformed Hereditary Prince, to Maria Anna Josepha, William Hyacinth’s underage daughter. All this was done not in the least to get rid of the troublesome foreign administration. Since April 1707, the Catholic part of the Principality of Nassau-Siegen had, by order of the Aulic Council, been under the administration of the cathedral chapter in CologneSince the Archbishop of Cologne was in imperial ban at the time, the cathedral chapter governed the Archdiocese of Cologne. because of the maladministration of William Hyacinth.

On the death of his father in 1722, Frederick William succeeded his father as the territorial lord of the Protestant part of the principality of Nassau-Siegen and co-ruler of the city of Siegen.Huberty, et al. (1981), p. 354. He possessed the district of Siegen (with the exception of seven villages) and the districts of Hilchenbach and Freudenberg. He shared the city of Siegen with his second cousin, William Hyacinth, the Catholic Fürst of Nassau-Siegen. Frederick William also succeeded his father as count of Bronkhorst, lord of , , and , and hereditary knight banneret of the Duchy of Guelders and the County of Zutphen. Finally, Frederick William succeeded his father in a part of the Principality of Nassau-Hadamar. Due to he was still a minor, he was under the guardianship and regency of his stepmother Amalie Louise of Courland until 1727.

Frederick William became a ''ritmeester'' in the Dutch States Army on 23 November 1723, and colonel of a regiment infantry on 22 July 1728. And in 1731 he became a knight of the Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg, Saxony, Pomerania and Wendland) in Sonnenburg.

Frederick William died in the ''Nassauischer Hof'' in Siegen on 2 March 1734,All sources that mention a full date of death, state this date. he was only 27 years old. He was buried on 17 April in the there.

On 19 June, his widow Sophie Polyxena Concordia of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein gave birth to the fifth daughter. Thus, there were no male heirs and the Dowager Fürstin was compelled to accept that the Catholic Fürst William Hyacinth would take possession of the Reformed lands and the city of Siegen. However, the ''Fürsten'' Christian of Nassau-Dillenburg and William Charles Henry Friso of Nassau-Diez also laid claim to the inheritance. Their soldiers occupied the ''Nassauischer Hof'' in Siegen, while William Hyacinth was in Spain.Lück (1981), p. 147.

In order to drive out this occupation by Nassau-Dillenburg and Nassau-Diez, Elector Clemens August of Cologne called in the ''Landesausschuß'' in his countries bordering the Siegerland. On 20 August 1735, peasants from Cologne crossed the borders of the Principality of Nassau-Siegen and plundered ‘''was ihnen vorkam''’ (‘what was in front of them’). On 23 August they were admitted to the (Catholic) castle and advanced with two to three thousand men to the (Reformed) ''Nassauischer Hof''. But the armies of Nassau-Dillenburg and Nassau-Diez, united with the citizens of Siegen, forced the troops from Cologne to flee. Thus, the Reformed part of Siegerland remained under the rule of Nassau-Dillenburg and Nassau-Diez, and the Catholic part remained under the imperial administration.

Willem Hyacinth, by Nicolas de Largillière.jpg, Fürst William Hyacinth of Nassau-Siegen. Portrait by Nicolas de Largillière, 18th century. Mauritshuis, The Hague.
Christiaan van Nassau-Dillenburg 1688-1739.jpg, Fürst Christian of Nassau-Dillenburg. Anonymous portrait. Townhall, Herborn.
Willem Karel Hendrik Friso van Oranje-Nassau, attributed to Johann Valentin Tischbein.jpg, Prince William IV of Orange, Fürst of Nassau-Diez. Portrait attributed to Johann Valentin Tischbein, 1751. Het Loo Palace, Apeldoorn.
Rosalba Carriera - Elector Clemens Augustus of Cologne (1700-1761) - Google Art Project.jpg, Archbishop-Elector Clemens August of Cologne. Portrait by Rosalba Carriera, 1727. Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden.

When, during the renovation of the ''Fürstengruft'' in 1951, the marble slabs that had been placed in front of the niches in 1893 had to be reattached, it was possible to take a look inside the graves. It was discovered that many graves had already been opened. Behind the slabs were walls of field-baked bricks, some of which were loose and allowed a view into the interior of the niches. In the light of a strong flashlight one could see that in the niche of Frederick William is a coffin apparently made of mahogany, framed by gilt bands about 4 cm wide.

Marriage and issue

Frederick William married at Ludwigseck Hunting Lodge near on 23 September 1728Menk (2004), p. 201. to Countess Sophie Polyxena Concordia of Sayn-Wittgenstein-HohensteinDek (1970), p. 99 mentions only the name Sayn-Wittgenstein. (Berlin, 28 May 1709 – , Siegen, 15 December 1781), the second daughter of Count August of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein and his first wife Countess Concordia of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein.

From the marriage of Frederick William and Sophie Polyxena Concordia the following children were born:
# Charlotte Sophia LouiseHuberty, et al. (1981), p. 388 names her Charlotte Sophie. The given name Charlotte Sophia Louise in Dek (1970), p. 98 and Vorsterman van Oyen (1882), p. 130. (Siegen, 6 June 1729 – Burgsteinfurt, 2 April 1759), married in Siegen on 30 September 1748 to Count Charles Peter Ernest of Bentheim-Steinfurt (Burgsteinfurt, 30 August 1729 – Burgsteinfurt, 30 June 1780).
# Frederica Wilhelmine Polyxena (''Nassauischer Hof'', Siegen, 3 April 1730 – Wittgenstein Castle, Laasphe, 18 November 1733).
# Mary Eleonore Concordia (Siegen, 2 March 1731 – Kamen, 20 April 1759). She died of smallpox in the house of the preacher Theodore Diederich Henrich Wever in Kamen.Genealogy of the Wever family

# Frederica Augusta Sophia (''Nassauischer Hof'', Siegen, 1 June 1732 – ''Nassauischer Hof'', Siegen, 23 March 1733).
# Anne Charlotte AugustaGiven name according to Menk (2004), p. 201 and Huberty, et al. (1981), p. 388. Huberty, et al. (1981), p. 406 mentions that this given name appears in the baptismal certificate. The given name Catharina Anna (Charlotte Augusta) in Dek (1970), p. 98 and Lück & Wunderlich (1956), p. 35. The given name Catharina Anna in Vorsterman van Oyen (1882), p. 130, who mentions in a footnote that she also appears as Anna Charlotte Augusta. (''Nassauischer Hof'', Siegen, 19 June 1734 – ''Untere Schloss'', Siegen, 9 June 1759).

Ancestors

Notes

References

Sources

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* (2004). "Die Fürstengruft zu Siegen und die darin von 1669 bis 1781 erfolgten Beisetzungen". In: u.a. (Redaktion), ''Siegener Beiträge. Jahrbuch für regionale Geschichte'' (in German). Vol. 9. Siegen: Geschichtswerkstatt Siegen – Arbeitskreis für Regionalgeschichte e.V. p. 183–202.
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* (1882). ''Het vorstenhuis Oranje-Nassau. Van de vroegste tijden tot heden'' (in Dutch). Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff/Utrecht: J.L. Beijers.

External links

In

compiled by Charles Cawley.


In

by Paul Theroff.

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nassau-Siegen, Frederick William 02
1706 births
1734 deaths
German Calvinist and Reformed Christians
German military officers
Frederick William 02 of Nassau-Siegen
Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)
Frederick William 02 of Nassau-Siegen
People from Siegen
18th-century German people
Military personnel from North Rhine-Westphalia