Francisco Hilario Henríquez y Carvajal (14 January 1859 – 6 February 1935) was a doctor, lawyer, writer, educator and politician from the

Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( ; es, República Dominicana, ) is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean region. It occupies the eastern five-eighths of the island, which it shares with ...

, who served as president just prior to the US occupation of the country. Francisco Henríquez y Carvajal

Life and career

Henríquez was born in

Santo Domingo , total_type = Total , population_density_km2 = auto , timezone = AST (UTC −4) , area_code_type = Area codes , area_code = 809, 829, 849 , postal_code_type = Postal codes , postal_code = 10100–10699 ( Distrito Nacional) , webs ...

, to a family descended from

Sephardic Jews Sephardic (or Sephardi) Jews (, ; lad, Djudíos Sefardíes), also ''Sepharadim'' , Modern Hebrew: ''Sfaradim'', Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm, also , ''Ye'hude Sepharad'', lit. "The Jews of Spain", es, Judíos sefardíes (or ), pt, Judeus sefa ...

who immigrated in the 19th century from Curaçao from the Netherlands. After studying extensively in his homeland, beginning in 1887, Henríquez moved to

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

for four years, earning a doctorate in Medicine the

University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ...

. He returned to the Dominican Republic, where he practiced medicine and taught. He served as editor of the newspaper ''El Maestro'', but left the country during the dictatorship of

Ulises Heureaux Ulises Hilarión Heureaux Leibert (; October 21, 1845 – July 26, 1899) nicknamed Lilís, was president of the Dominican Republic from September 1, 1882 to September 1, 1884, from January 6, 1887 to February 27, 1889 and again from April 30, 18 ...

. While away, he befriended Juan Isidro Jiménez and returned to the Dominican Republic in 1899 to serve as Minister of Foreign Affairs when Heureaux was assassinated and Jiménez was made president. He was married

Salomé Ureña Salomé Ureña Díaz de Henríquez (October 21, 1850 - March 6, 1897) was a Dominican poet and teacher, being one of the central figures of 19th-century lyrical poetry and advocator for women’s education in the Dominican Republic, influenced by ...

, a poet, from 1880 until her death in 1898. He had 4 children,

Pedro Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for '' Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, mean ...

, Francisco, , and Camila. His second wife was Natividad Lauransón Amiama. Following the fall of Jiménez in 1902, Henríquez established residence in

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

and practiced medicine. He returned briefly to his country of birth following the interim government of

Horacio Vásquez Felipe Horacio Vásquez Lajara (October 22, 1860 – March 25, 1936) was a Dominican general and political figure. He served as the president of the Provisional Government Junta of the Dominican Republic in 1899, and again between 1902 and 1903. ...

in 1903, but he left several months later. In 1907, President Ramón Cáceres sent him as a delegate to the Hague Convention. In 1911 Henríquez served as an emissary to Haiti following border disputes. In 1916, Henríquez was on a diplomatic mission when he learned that the Dominican Republic had been occupied by the United States. The Council of Secretaries of State led by Horacio Vásquez elected Henríquez President.Staff report (18 May 1916). NEW DOMINICAN PRESIDENT.; Chamber of Deputies Elects Abreu; Senate Expected to Confirm.''

New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...

''Staff report (10 June 1916). Sees us at fault in Santo Domingo; Former Receiver General of Customs There Blames the Administration. Charges Public Deception. Says the "Ostrich-like" Policy of the United States Has Finally Resulted in the Spilling of Blood. ''

'' He served from 31 July to 29 November 1916.Staff report (28 July 1916). DR. CARVAJAL LEAVES CUBA.; Sails for Santo Domingo to Take Office as President. ''

'' His successor was United States military governor

Harry Shepard Knapp Harry Shepard Knapp (June 27, 1856 – April 6, 1923) was a Vice Admiral of the United States Navy, Military Governor of Santo Domingo, and Military Representative of the United States in Haiti. Biography Born in New Britain, Connecticut, Knapp gr ...

. During the presidency of Rafael Trujillo, he served as envoy in France and Cuba from 1930 to 1935.

Death and legacy

Henríquez died in

Santiago de Cuba, Cuba Santiago de Cuba is the second-largest city in Cuba and the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province. It lies in the southeastern area of the island, some southeast of the Cuban capital of Havana. The municipality extends over , and contains t ...

in 1935 at the age of 76 and is buried in

National Pantheon of the Dominican Republic The National Pantheon was built from 1714 to 1746 by the Spaniard Geronimo Quezada y Garçon and was originally a Jesuit church. The structure was constructed in the neoclassic-renaissance style. Today, the structure stands as a national symbo ...

in Santo Domingo. Dominican educator and feminist Rosa Smester Marrero praised Henríquez in her writings while he was still alive. She had written to Henríquez in May 1920 to donate to the Nationalist cause during the American occupation, In her 1929 article ''Así es'', she praised Henríquez's intellectual attributes, which lent him to being an "enlightened" feminist man.

Selected publications

* "La hija del Hebreo" (1883, 'The daughter of the Hebrews') * "Ramón Mella" (1891) * "Informe sobre la seguridad Conferencia Internacional Americana" (1902,' Report on the American International Security Conference ') * "Juvenilia" (1904) * "Dolorosa" (1909,' Painful ') * "Derecho Internacional Público y la Guerra" (1915) * "Discurso pro-Pablo Duarte" (1915,' Speaking for Pablo Duarte ') * "Páginas Selectas" (1918,'Selected Writings') * "Cuba y Quisqueya" (1920, 'Cuba and Quisqueya ') * "Rosa de la tarde" (1923, 'Rose of the Afternoon') * "Guarocuya. Monólogo de Enriquillo El" (1924, 'Guarocuya. The monologue of Enriquillo') * "Todo por Cuba" (1925, 'All of Cuba') * "Nacionalismo" (1925, 'nationalism') * "Del Amor y del Dolor" (1926, 'About love and about pain') * "Páginas electas" (1926, 'Selected Writings') * "Mi Álbum de Sonetos "(1927, 'My album of the sonnets') *" Etica y Estética "(1929, 'ethics and aesthetic') *" historicos Romances "(1937, 'Historical romances') *

Bani Bani may refer to: Places Africa *Bani Department, a department in the Séno Province of Burkina Faso *Bani, Bani, Séno, Burkina Faso * Bani, Bourzanga, Bam, Burkina Faso *Bani, Gnagna, Burkina Faso * Bani, The Gambia *Bani River, a tributary ...

"(1939) *" El poema de la historia. fragmento de un poema inconcluso "(1948, 'The poetry of history. fragment of an unfinished poem') *" Cuentos "(1950, 'narratives')

References

External links

Universidad UFHEC
, - {{DEFAULTSORT:Henriquez y Carvajal, Francisco 1935 deaths 1859 births People from Santo Domingo Presidents of the Dominican Republic Dominican Republic people of Spanish descent Dominican Republic people of Cuban descent Dominican Republic people of Jewish descent Dominican Republic people of Dutch-Jewish descent Jewish presidents