This list includes plants native and introduced to the state of

Ohio Ohio () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Of the fifty U.S. states, it is the 34th-largest by area, and with a population of nearly 11.8 million, is the seventh-most populous and tenth-most densely populated. The sta ...

, designated (N) and (I), respectively. Varieties and subspecies link to their parent species.

A

* ''Abies balsamea'' var. ''balsamea'' (I) *'' Abutilon theophrasti'' (I) *''

Acalypha deamii ''Acalypha'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is the sole genus of the subtribe Acalyphinae. It is one of the largest euphorb genera, with approximately 450 to 462 species. The genus name ''Acalypha'' is from th ...

'' (N) *'' Acalypha gracilens'' (N) *'' Acalypha ostryifolia'' (N) *'' Acalypha rhomboidea'' (N) *'' Acalypha virginica'' (N) *''

Acer campestre ''Acer campestre'', known as the field maple, is a flowering plant species in the family Sapindaceae. It is native to much of continental Europe, Britain, southwest Asia from Turkey to the Caucasus, and north Africa in the Atlas Mountains. It has ...

'' (I) *'' Acer × freemanii'' (N) *'' Acer ginnala'' (I) * ''Acer negundo'' var. ''negundo'' (N) * ''Acer negundo'' var. ''violaceum'' (N) *''

Acer nigrum ''Acer nigrum'', the black maple, is a species of maple closely related to '' A. saccharum'' (sugar maple), and treated by some authors as a subspecies of it, as ''Acer saccharum'' subsp. ''nigrum''. Identification can be confusing due to the ...

'' (N) *'' Acer palmatum'' (I) *'' Acer pensylvanicum'' (N) *'' Acer platanoides'' (I) * ''Acer rubrum'' var. ''rubrum'' (N) * ''Acer rubrum'' var. ''trilobum'' (N) *''

Acer saccharinum ''Acer saccharinum'', commonly known as silver maple, creek maple, silverleaf maple, soft maple, large maple, water maple, swamp maple, or white maple, is a species of maple native to the eastern and central United States and southeastern Can ...

'' (N) * ''Acer saccharum'' var. ''saccharum'' (N) *'' Acer spicatum'' (N) *'' Acer tataricum'' (I) * ''Achillea millefolium'' var. ''occidentalis'' (N) * ''Achillea millefolium'' var. ''millefolium'' (I) *'' Achillea ptarmica'' (I) * ''Achyranthes japonica'' var. ''hachijoensis'' (I) *''

Acinos arvensis ''Acinos arvensis'', known commonly as basil thyme and spring savory, is a species of plant of the genus ''Acinos''. It is a perennial that usually grows about high and spreads . It prefers to grow in strong sunlight. The scent is faintly remin ...

'' (I) *'' Aconitum noveboracense'' (N) * ''Aconitum uncinatum'' ssp. ''uncinatum'' (N) *''

Acorus americanus ''Acorus americanus'', the American sweet flag, is an emergent wetland plant native to the northern United States and Canada. This perennial plant has bright green blade-shaped leaves that arise directly from the rhizomes and sheath into each ot ...

'' (N) *''

Acorus calamus ''Acorus calamus'' (also called sweet flag, sway or muskrat root, among many common names) is a species of flowering plant with psychoactive chemicals. It is a tall wetland monocot of the family Acoraceae, in the genus '' Acorus.'' Although ...

'' (I) *''

Acroptilon repens ''Rhaponticum repens'', synonym ''Acroptilon repens'', with the common name Russian knapweed, is a bushy rhizomatous perennial, up to 80 cm tall. Stems and leaves are finely arachnoid-tomentose becoming glabrous and green with age. The rosette l ...

'' (I) *''

Actaea pachypoda ''Actaea pachypoda'', the white baneberry or doll's-eyes, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Actaea'', of the family Ranunculaceae. The plant is native to eastern North America, in eastern Canada, and the Midwestern and Eastern Uni ...

'' (N) * ''Actaea racemosa'' var. ''racemosa'' (N) * ''Actaea rubra'' ssp. ''rubra'' (N) *'' Actinidia arguta'' (I) *'' Adenocaulon bicolor'' (N) *''

Adiantum capillus-veneris ''Adiantum capillus-veneris'', the Southern maidenhair fern, black maidenhair fern, maidenhair fern, and venus hair fern, is a species of ferns in the genus ''Adiantum'' and the family Pteridaceae with a subcosmopolitan worldwide distribution. I ...

'' (N) *'' Adiantum pedatum'' (N) *'' Adlumia fungosa'' (N) *'' Aegilops cylindrica'' (I) *''

Aegopodium podagraria ''Aegopodium podagraria'', commonly called ground elder, is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family Apiaceae that grows in shady places. The name "ground elder" comes from the superficial similarity of its leaves and flowers to those o ...

'' (I) *'' Aesculus flava'' (N) * ''Aesculus glabra'' var. ''glabra'' (N) *'' Aesculus hippocastanum'' (I) *'' Aesculus × marylandica'' (N) *''

Aethusa cynapium ''Aethusa cynapium'' (fool's parsley, fool's cicely, or poison parsley) is an annual (rarely biennial) herb in the flowering plant family Apiaceae, native to Europe, western Asia, and northwest Africa. It is the only member of the genus ''Aethu ...

'' (I) *''

Agalinis auriculata ''Agalinis auriculata'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known as earleaf false foxglove, auriculate false foxglove, and earleaf gerardia. It is endemic to the United States, where it occurs from New Jersey west to Minn ...

'' (N) *'' Agalinis gattingeri'' (N) * ''Agalinis paupercula'' var. ''borealis'' (N) * ''Agalinis paupercula'' var. ''paupercula'' (N) *''

Agalinis purpurea ''Agalinis purpurea'' (known by common names including purple false foxglove and purple gerardia) is an annual forb native to the eastern United States and Canada, USDA, NRCS. 2014. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Dat ...

'' (N) *'' Agalinis skinneriana'' (N) * ''Agalinis tenuifolia'' var. ''macrophylla'' (N) * ''Agalinis tenuifolia'' var. ''parviflora'' (N) * ''Agalinis tenuifolia'' var. ''tenuifolia'' (N) *'' Agastache nepetoides'' (N) *'' Agastache scrophulariifolia'' (N) * ''Ageratina altissima'' var. ''altissima'' (N) * ''Ageratina aromatica'' var. ''aromatica'' (N) *''

Agrimonia eupatoria ''Agrimonia eupatoria'' is a species of agrimony that is often referred to as common agrimony, church steeples or sticklewort. The whole plant is dark green with numerous soft hairs. The soft hairs aid in the plant's seed pods sticking to any a ...

'' (I) *''

Agrimonia gryposepala ''Agrimonia gryposepala'' (commonly known as tall hairy agrimony,Agrimonia microcarpa ''Agrimonia'' (from the Greek ), commonly known as agrimony, is a genus of 12–15 species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with one species also in A ...

'' (N) *''

Agrimonia parviflora ''Agrimonia parviflora'' is a species of perennial herbaceous flowering plant. Small-flowered agrimony, harvestlice agrimony, swamp agrimony, and harvestlice are its most common names in the United States. This plant species is part of the Rosa ...

'' (N) *''

Agrimonia pubescens ''Agrimonia pubescens'', the soft agrimony or downy agrimony, is a flowering plant in the genus ''Agrimonia'', a member of the rose family. It grows in dry areas and woodlands. Taxonomy The species was first described by John Torrey and Asa Gray ...

'' (N) *''

Agrimonia rostellata ''Agrimonia'' (from the Greek ), commonly known as agrimony, is a genus of 12–15 species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with one species also in Afr ...

'' (N) *''

Agrimonia striata ''Agrimonia striata'' (roadside agrimony, grooved agrimony,Agropyron desertorum'' (I) *''

Agrostemma githago ''Agrostemma githago'', the common corn-cockle (also written "corncockle") is a herbaceous annual flowering plant in the pink and carnation family Caryophyllaceae. Description It grows with a stem to long with lanceolate leaves. The flowers ar ...

'' (I) *'' Agrostis avenacea'' (I) *''

Agrostis capillaris ''Agrostis capillaris'', the common bent, colonial bent, or browntop, is a rhizomatous and stoloniferous perennial in the grass family ( Poaceae). It is native to Eurasia and has been widely introduced in many parts of the world. Colonial be ...

'' (I) *'' Agrostis elliottiana'' (N) *'' Agrostis gigantea'' (I) *''

Agrostis hyemalis ''Agrostis'' (bent or bentgrass) is a large and very nearly Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan genus of plants in the Poaceae, grass family, found in nearly all the countries in the world. It has been bred as a Genetically modified organis ...

'' (N) *'' Agrostis perennans'' (N) *'' Agrostis scabra'' (N) *'' Agrostis stolonifera'' (I) *''

Ailanthus altissima ''Ailanthus altissima'' , commonly known as tree of heaven, ailanthus, varnish tree, or in Chinese as ''chouchun'' (), is a deciduous tree in the family Simaroubaceae. It is native to northeast and central China, and Taiwan. Unlike other membe ...

'' (I) * ''Aira caryophyllea'' var. ''caryophyllea'' (I) *'' Ajuga genevensis'' (I) *'' Ajuga reptans'' (I) *'' Akebia quinata'' (I) *''

Albizia julibrissin ''Albizia julibrissin'', the Persian silk tree, pink silk tree, or mimosa tree, is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae, native to southwestern Asia and eastern Asia. The genus is named after the Italian nobleman Filippo degli Albizzi, w ...

'' (I) *''

Alcea rosea ''Alcea rosea'', the common hollyhock, is an ornamental dicot flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It was imported into Europe from southwestern China during, or possibly before, the 15th century. William Turner, a herbalist of the time, ga ...

'' (I) *'' Aletris farinosa'' (N) *'' Alisma subcordatum'' (N) *'' Alisma triviale'' (N) *''

Alliaria petiolata ''Alliaria petiolata'', or garlic mustard, is a biennial flowering plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). It is native to Europe, western and central Asia, north-western Africa, Morocco, Iberia and the British Isles, north to northern S ...

'' (I) *''

Allium ampeloprasum ''Allium ampeloprasum'' is a member of the onion genus ''Allium''. The wild plant is commonly known as wild leek or broadleaf wild leek. Its native range is southern Europe to western Asia, but it is cultivated in many other places and has becom ...

'' (I) *'' Allium burdickii'' (N) * ''Allium canadense'' var. ''canadense'' (N) *''

Allium cepa An onion (''Allium cepa'' L., from Latin ''cepa'' meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus ''Allium''. The shallot is a botanical variety of the onion ...

'' (I) * ''Allium cernuum'' var. ''cernuum'' (N) *''

Allium porrum The leek is a vegetable, a cultivar of ''Allium ampeloprasum'', the broadleaf wild leek ( syn. ''Allium porrum''). The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes erroneously called a stem or stalk. The genus ''Alliu ...

'' (I) *'' Allium sativum'' (I) *'' Allium schoenoprasum'' (I) * ''Allium schoenoprasum'' var. ''sibiricum'' (N) *''

Allium tricoccum ''Allium tricoccum'' (commonly known as ramp, ramps, ramson, wild leek, wood leek, or wild garlic) is a North American species of wild onion or garlic widespread across eastern Canada and the eastern United States. Many of the common English na ...

'' (N) * ''Allium vineale'' ssp. ''vineale'' (I) *'' Alnus × fallacina'' (N) *''

Alnus glutinosa ''Alnus glutinosa'', the common alder, black alder, European alder, European black alder, or just alder, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native to most of Europe, southwest Asia and northern Africa. It thrives in wet locations wh ...

'' (I) * ''Alnus incana'' ssp. ''rugosa'' (N) *''

Alnus serrulata ''Alnus serrulata'', the hazel alder or smooth alder, is a thicket-forming shrub in the family Betulaceae. It is native to eastern North America and can be found from western Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick south to Florida and Texas. D ...

'' (N) * ''Alopecurus aequalis'' var. ''aequalis'' (N) *'' Alopecurus carolinianus'' (N) * ''Alopecurus geniculatus'' var. ''geniculatus'' (I) *'' Alopecurus myosuroides'' (I) *'' Alopecurus myosuroides'' (N) *''

Alopecurus pratensis ''Alopecurus pratensis'', known as the meadow foxtail or the field meadow foxtail, is a perennial grass belonging to the grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Europe and Asia. This common plant is found on grasslands, especially on neutral so ...

'' (I) *''

Althaea officinalis ''Althaea officinalis'', the marsh mallow or marshmallow, is a species of flowering plant indigenous to Europe, Western Asia and North Africa, which is used in herbalism and as an ornamental plant. A confection made from the root since ancient ...

'' (I) *'' Alyssum alyssoides'' (I) *'' Amaranthus albus'' (I) *''

Amaranthus blitoides ''Amaranthus blitoides'', commonly called mat amaranth, prostrate pigweed, procumbent pigweed, prostrate amaranth, or matweed, is a glabrous annual plants species. It usually grows up to 0.6 m, though it may grow up to 1 m (3 feet). It flowers ...

'' (I) * ''Amaranthus blitum'' var. ''emarginatus'' (I) *''

Amaranthus cruentus ''Amaranthus cruentus'' is a flowering plant species that yields the nutritious staple amaranth grain. It is one of three ''Amaranthus'' species cultivated as a grain source, the other two being ''Amaranthus hypochondriacus'' and '' Amaranthus c ...

'' (I) *''

Amaranthus deflexus ''Amaranthus deflexus'' is also known by the common names low amaranth, Argentina amaranth, perennial pigweed, and large-fruit amaranth. It is native to South America, and has been introduced to many other parts of the world. It is a short-lived ...

'' (I) *'' Amaranthus hybridus'' (N) *'' Amaranthus palmeri'' (N) * ''Amaranthus powellii'' ssp. ''powellii'' (N) *''

Amaranthus retroflexus ''Amaranthus retroflexus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae with several common names, including red-root amaranth, redroot pigweed, red-rooted pigweed, common amaranth, pigweed amaranth, and common tumbleweed. page 4 ...

'' (N) *''

Amaranthus spinosus ''Amaranthus spinosus'', commonly known as the spiny amaranth, spiny pigweed, prickly amaranth or thorny amaranth, is a plant that is native to the tropical Americas, but is present on most continents as an introduced species and sometimes a nox ...

'' (N) *''

Amaranthus tuberculatus ''Amaranthus tuberculatus'', commonly known as roughfruit amaranth, rough-fruited water-hemp, tall waterhemp, or common waterhemp, is a species of flowering plant. It is a summer annual broadleaf with a germination period that lasts several mont ...

'' (N) * ''Ambrosia artemisiifolia'' var. ''elatior'' (N) * ''Ambrosia artemisiifolia'' var. ''elatior'' (I) *'' Ambrosia bidentata'' (N) *'' Ambrosia × helenae'' (N) * ''Ambrosia trifida'' var. ''trifida'' (N) * ''Amelanchier arborea'' var. ''arborea'' (N) *'' Amelanchier interior'' (N) *'' Amelanchier laevis'' (N) * ''Amelanchier sanguinea'' var. ''sanguinea'' (N) *'' Amelanchier stolonifera'' (N) *'' Ammannia coccinea'' (N) *'' Ammannia robusta'' (N) *''

Ammophila breviligulata ''Ammophila breviligulata'' (American beachgrass or American marram grass) is a species of grass native to eastern North America, where it grows on sand dunes along the Atlantic Ocean and Great Lakes coasts. Beachgrass thrives under conditions ...

'' (N) *''

Amorpha fruticosa ''Amorpha fruticosa'' is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae, known by several common names, including desert false indigo, false indigo-bush, and bastard indigobush. It is native species, native to North America. Descript ...

'' (N) *''

Ampelopsis aconitifolia ''Ampelopsis'', commonly known as peppervine or porcelainberry, is a genus of climbing shrubs, in the grape family Vitaceae. The name is derived from the grc, ἅμπελος (''ampelos''), which means "vine". The genus was named in 1803. It is ...

'' (I) *'' Ampelopsis arborea'' (N) * ''Ampelopsis glandulosa'' var. ''brevipedunculata'' (I) *'' Ampelopsis cordata'' (N) *'' Amphiachyris dracunculoides'' (N) * ''Amphicarpaea bracteata'' var. ''bracteata'' (N) * ''Amphicarpaea bracteata'' var. ''comosa'' (N) *'' Amsinckia lycopsoides'' (N) * ''Amsonia tabernaemontana'' var. ''salicifolia'' (N) * ''Anagallis arvensis'' ssp. ''foemina'' (N) * ''Anagallis arvensis'' ssp. ''arvensis'' (I) * ''Anagallis arvensis'' ssp. ''foemina'' (I) *'' Anagallis minima'' (N) *'' Anaphalis margaritacea'' (N) *''

Anchusa arvensis ''Anchusa arvensis'' is a plant species of the genus ''Anchusa''. Its common names include small bugloss and annual bugloss. Description This is a hairy annual herb which may reach half a meter in height. It bears small blue tubular flowers, fo ...

'' (I) *''

Anchusa azurea ''Anchusa azurea'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, known by the common names garden anchusa and Italian bugloss (or just "bugloss"). It is a bristly perennial which may reach 1.5 meters tall and 60 centimeters wide. It ...

'' (I) *'' Anchusa officinalis'' (I) * ''Andromeda polifolia'' var. ''glaucophylla'' (N) *'' Andropogon gerardi'' (N) * ''Andropogon glomeratus'' var. ''glomeratus'' (N) * ''Andropogon gyrans'' var. ''gyrans'' (N) * ''Andropogon virginicus'' var. ''virginicus'' (N) *'' Androsace occidentalis'' (N) *''

Anemone blanda ''Anemonoides blanda'', syn. ''Anemone blanda'', the Balkan anemone, Grecian windflower, or winter windflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae. The species is native to southeastern Europe and the Middle East. The sp ...

'' (I) *'' Anemone canadensis'' (N) *'' Anemone cylindrica'' (N) * ''Anemone quinquefolia'' var. ''bifolia'' (N) * ''Anemone quinquefolia'' var. ''quinquefolia'' (N) * ''Anemone virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''

Anethum graveolens Dill (''Anethum graveolens'') is an annual herb in the celery family Apiaceae. It is the only species in the genus ''Anethum''. Dill is grown widely in Eurasia, where its leaves and seeds are used as a herb or spice for flavouring food. Growth ...

'' (I) *'' Angelica atropurpurea'' (N) *'' Angelica venenosa'' (N) *'' Anoda cristata'' (N) * ''Antennaria howellii'' ssp. ''canadensis'' (N) * ''Antennaria howellii'' ssp. ''neodioica'' (N) * ''Antennaria howellii'' ssp. ''petaloidea'' (N) *'' Antennaria neglecta'' (N) * ''Antennaria parlinii'' ssp. ''fallax'' (N) * ''Antennaria parlinii'' ssp. ''parlinii'' (N) *''

Antennaria plantaginifolia ''Antennaria plantaginifolia'' (known by the common names plantain leaf pussytoes and woman's tobacco) is a perennial forb native to the eastern North America, that produces cream colored composite flowers in spring. Description ''Antennaria p ...

'' (N) *'' Antennaria solitaria'' (N) *''

Antennaria virginica ''Antennaria virginica '' is a North American species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae known by the common names shalebarren pussytoes. It grows on Devonian shale in the eastern United States. It is found in central Appalachian Mounta ...

'' (N) *''

Anthemis arvensis ''Anthemis arvensis'', also known as corn chamomile, mayweed, scentless chamomile, or field chamomile is a species of flowering plant in the genus '' Anthemis'', in the aster family. It is used as an ornamental plant. Distribution ;Native :; ...

'' (I) *''

Anthemis cotula ''Anthemis cotula'', also known as stinking chamomile, or mayweed, is a flowering annual plant with a noticeable and strong odor. The odor is often considered unpleasant, and it is from this that it gains the common epithet "stinking". In pre-co ...

'' (I) *''

Anthemis tinctoria ''Cota tinctoria'', the golden marguerite, yellow chamomile, or oxeye chamomile, is a species of perennial flowering plant in the sunflower family. Other common names include dyer's chamomile, Boston daisy, and Paris daisy. In horticulture this ...

'' (I) *''

Anthoxanthum aristatum ''Anthoxanthum aristatum'' is a species of grass known by the common names awned vernalgrass or annual vernalgrass. It is native to North Africa and southern and western Europe as far north as the Netherlands, and it is known in other regions, in ...

'' (I) * ''Anthoxanthum odoratum'' ssp. ''odoratum'' (I) *''

Anthriscus caucalis ''Anthriscus caucalis'', also burr chervil or bur-chervil, a plant in the family Apiaceae. It is similar in appearance to chervil, the common cooking herb from the same genus. It sends up thin, hollow stems and bears umbel In botany, an umbel i ...

'' (I) *'' Anthriscus sylvestris'' (I) *''

Anthyllis vulneraria ''Anthyllis vulneraria'', the common kidneyvetch, kidney vetch or woundwort is a medicinal plant native to Europe. The name ''vulneraria'' means "wound healer". Description ''Anthyllis vulneraria'' reaches of height. The stem is simple or more ...

'' (I) *'' Antirrhinum majus'' (I) *'' Apera interrupta'' (I) *'' Apera spica-venti'' (I) *'' Apios americana'' (N) * ''Apium graveolens'' var. ''dulce'' (N) * ''Apium graveolens'' var. ''dulce'' (I) *'' Aplectrum hyemale'' (N) *'' Apocynum androsaemifolium'' (N) *''

Apocynum cannabinum ''Apocynum cannabinum'' (dogbane, amy root, hemp dogbane, prairie dogbane, Indian hemp, rheumatism root, or wild cotton) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows throughout much of North America—in the southern half of Canada and throughou ...

'' (N) *'' Apocynum × floribundum'' (N) *'' Aquilegia canadensis'' (N) *'' Aquilegia vulgaris'' (I) *'' Arabidopsis thaliana'' (I) *'' Arabis canadensis'' (N) *'' Arabis × divaricarpa'' (N) *'' Arabis drummondii'' (N) *'' Arabis glabra'' (N) * ''Arabis hirsuta'' var. ''pycnocarpa'' (N) * ''Arabis laevigata'' var. ''laevigata'' (N) *'' Arabis lyrata'' (N) *'' Arabis missouriensis'' (N) *'' Arabis patens'' (N) *''

Arabis shortii ''Borodinia dentata'', commonly called Short's rockcress, is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae). It is native to the eastern North America, where it is found in Canada and the United States. In the United States, i ...

'' (N) *''

Aralia elata ''Aralia elata'', the Japanese angelica tree, Chinese angelica-tree, or Korean angelica-tree, is a woody plant belonging to the family Araliaceae. It is known as ''tara-no-ki'' (; ) in Japanese, and ''dureup-namu'' () in Korean. Description It i ...

'' (I) *'' Aralia hispida'' (N) *'' Aralia nudicaulis'' (N) * ''Aralia racemosa'' ssp. ''racemosa'' (N) *''

Aralia spinosa ''Aralia spinosa'', commonly known as devil's walking stick, is a woody species of plant in the genus ''Aralia'', family Araliaceae, native to eastern North America. The various names refer to the viciously sharp, spiny stems, petioles, and even ...

'' (N) *''

Arctium lappa ''Arctium lappa'', commonly called greater burdock, , edible burdock, lappa, beggar's buttons, thorny burr, or happy major is a Eurasian species of plants in the family Asteraceae, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a vegetable. It has b ...

'' (I) *''

Arctium minus ''Arctium minus'', commonly known as lesser burdock, little burdock, louse-bur, common burdock, button-bur, cuckoo-button, or wild rhubarb, is a biennial plant. This plant is native to Europe, but has become introduced elsewhere such as Australi ...

'' (I) *''

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'' is a plant species of the genus ''Arctostaphylos'' widely distributed across circumboreal regions of the subarctic Northern Hemisphere. Kinnikinnick ( First Nations for "smoking mixture") is a common name in Canada ...

'' (N) *'' Arenaria serpyllifolia'' (I) *'' Arethusa bulbosa'' (N) * ''Argemone albiflora'' ssp. ''albiflora'' (N) *''

Argemone mexicana ''Argemone mexicana'' (Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly poppy, flowering thistle, cardo or cardosanto) is a species of poppy found in Mexico and now widely naturalized in many parts of the world. An extremely hardy pioneer plant, it is tolerant o ...

'' (N) *'' Argentina anserina'' (N) *'' Arisaema dracontium'' (N) * ''Arisaema triphyllum'' ssp. ''pusillum'' (N) * ''Arisaema triphyllum'' ssp. ''stewardsonii'' (N) * ''Arisaema triphyllum'' ssp. ''triphyllum'' (N) * ''Aristida dichotoma'' var. ''dichotoma'' (N) * ''Aristida longespica'' var. ''geniculata'' (N) * ''Aristida longespica'' var. ''longespica'' (N) *'' Aristida oligantha'' (N) * ''Aristida purpurascens'' var. ''purpurascens'' (N) *'' Aristida ramosissima'' (N) *'' Aristolochia clematitis'' (I) *'' Aristolochia serpentaria'' (N) *'' Aristolochia tomentosa'' (N) *''

Armoracia rusticana Horseradish (''Armoracia rusticana'', syn. ''Cochlearia armoracia'') is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli, cabbage, and radish). It is a root vegetable, cultivated and used worldwide a ...

'' (I) *'' Arnoglossum atriplicifolium'' (N) *'' Arnoglossum plantagineum'' (N) *'' Arnoglossum reniforme'' (N) *'' Arnoseris minima'' (I) * ''Arrhenatherum elatius'' var. ''elatius'' (I) *''

Artemisia absinthium ''Artemisia absinthium'' (wormwood, grand wormwood, absinthe, absinthium, absinthe wormwood, mugwort, wermout, wermud, wormit, wormod) is a species of '' Artemisia'', native to temperate regions of Eurasia and North Africa, and widely naturalize ...

'' (I) *''

Artemisia annua ''Artemisia annua'', also known as sweet wormwood, sweet annie, sweet sagewort, annual mugwort or annual wormwood (), is a common type of wormwood native to temperate Asia, but naturalized in many countries including scattered parts of North Am ...

'' (I) *'' Artemisia biennis'' (N) * ''Artemisia biennis'' var. ''biennis'' (I) * ''Artemisia campestris'' ssp. ''borealis'' var. ''borealis'' (N) * ''Artemisia campestris'' ssp. ''caudata'' (N) *'' Artemisia gmelinii'' (I) * ''Artemisia ludoviciana'' ssp. ''albula'' (N) * ''Artemisia ludoviciana'' ssp. ''ludoviciana'' (N) *'' Artemisia pontica'' (I) *'' Artemisia stelleriana'' (I) *'' Artemisia stelleriana'' (N) *'' Artemisia vulgaris'' (N) * ''Artemisia vulgaris'' var. ''vulgaris'' (I) *'' Arthraxon hispidus'' (I) *'' Aruncus dioicus'' (I) * ''Aruncus dioicus'' var. ''dioicus'' (N) * ''Arundinaria gigantea'' ssp. ''gigantea'' (N) *'' Asarum canadense'' (N) *'' Asclepias amplexicaulis'' (N) *'' Asclepias exaltata'' (N) *'' Asclepias hirtella'' (N) * ''Asclepias incarnata'' ssp. ''incarnata'' (N) *'' Asclepias purpurascens'' (N) *'' Asclepias quadrifolia'' (N) *'' Asclepias sullivantii'' (N) *''

Asclepias syriaca ''Asclepias syriaca'', commonly called common milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, and Virginia silkweed, is a species of flowering plant. It is native to southern Canada and much of the United States east of the Rocky Moun ...

'' (N) * ''Asclepias tuberosa'' ssp. ''interior'' (N) * ''Asclepias tuberosa'' ssp. ''tuberosa'' (N) *''

Asclepias variegata ''Asclepias variegata'', commonly called the redring milkweed or white milkweed, is a plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to eastern North America, where it is found in Canada and the United States. It is most common in the Southeastern ...

'' (N) *'' Asclepias verticillata'' (N) *'' Asclepias viridiflora'' (N) *'' Asclepias viridis'' (N) *'' Asimina triloba'' (N) *''

Asparagus officinalis Asparagus, or garden asparagus, folk name sparrow grass, scientific name ''Asparagus officinalis'', is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus ''Asparagus''. Its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable. It was once classified in ...

'' (I) *''

Asperugo procumbens ''Asperugo procumbens'', known as madwort or German madwort, is the single species in the monotypic plant genus ''Asperugo''. This plant is native to Europe but has been introduced elsewhere, such as the northern half of North America. Referenc ...

'' (I) *'' Asplenium bradleyi'' (N) *'' Asplenium × clermontiae'' (N) *''

Asplenium × ebenoides ''Asplenium'' × ''ebenoides'' (Scott's spleenwort, dragon tail fern or walking spleenwort) is a hybrid fern native to eastern North America, part of the "Appalachian ''Asplenium'' complex" of related hybrids. The sterile offspring of the w ...

'' (N) *'' Asplenium × gravesii'' (N) *'' Asplenium × inexpectatum'' (N) *'' Asplenium × kentuckiense'' (N) *''

Asplenium montanum ''Asplenium montanum'', commonly known as the mountain spleenwort, is a small fern endemic to the eastern United States. It is found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains from Vermont to Alabama, with a few isolated populations in the Ozarks ...

'' (N) *'' Asplenium pinnatifidum'' (N) * ''Asplenium platyneuron'' var. ''platyneuron'' (N) *'' Asplenium resiliens'' (N) *''

Asplenium rhizophyllum ''Asplenium rhizophyllum'', the (American) walking fern, is a frequently-occurring fern native to North America. It is a close relative of '' Asplenium ruprechtii'' (syn: ''Camptosorus sibiricus'') which is found in East Asia and also goes by the ...

'' (N) * ''Asplenium ruta-muraria'' var. ''cryptolepis'' (N) * ''Asplenium ruta-muraria'' var. ''lanceolum'' (N) * ''Asplenium trichomanes'' ssp. ''quadrivalens'' (N) * ''Asplenium trichomanes'' ssp. ''trichomanes'' (N) *'' Asplenium × trudellii'' (N) *'' Aster tataricus'' (I) * ''Astragalus canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *''

Astragalus neglectus ''Astragalus neglectus'', or Cooper's milkvetch, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae native to northeastern North America. Description ''Astragalus neglectus'' is a perennial, herbaceous plant growing 30 to 90 cm tall. The al ...

'' (N) * ''Athyrium filix-femina'' ssp. ''angustum'' (N) * ''Athyrium filix-femina'' ssp. ''asplenioides'' (N) *''

Atriplex hortensis ''Atriplex hortensis'', known as garden orache, red orache or simply orache (; also spelled orach), mountain spinach, French spinach, or arrach, is a species of plant in the amaranth family used as a leaf vegetable that was common before spina ...

'' (I) *'' Atriplex patula'' (I) *''

Atriplex prostrata ''Atriplex prostrata'', called the spear-leaved orache, hastate orache, thin-leaf orache, triangle orache, and fat hen, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the saltbush genus ''Atriplex ''Atriplex'' () is a plant genus of about 250 ...

'' (N) *'' Atriplex rosea'' (I) * ''Aureolaria flava'' var. ''flava'' (N) * ''Aureolaria flava'' var. ''macrantha'' (N) *'' Aureolaria levigata'' (N) * ''Aureolaria pedicularia'' var. ''ambigens'' (N) * ''Aureolaria pedicularia'' var. ''pedicularia'' (N) *'' Aureolaria virginica'' (N) *'' Aurinia saxatilis'' (I) *'' Avena fatua'' (I) *''

Avena sativa The oat (''Avena sativa''), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed, which is known by the same name (usually in the plural, unlike other cereals and pseudocereals). While oats are suitable for human co ...

'' (I) *''

Azolla caroliniana ''Azolla cristata '', the Carolina mosquitofern, Carolina azolla or water velvet, is a species of ''Azolla'' native to the Americas, in eastern North America from southern Ontario southward, and from the east coast west to Wisconsin and Texas, an ...

'' (N)

B

* ''Ballota nigra'' var. ''alba'' (I) * ''Baptisia alba'' var. ''macrophylla'' (N) * ''Baptisia australis'' var. ''australis'' (N) *'' Baptisia tinctoria'' (N) *''

Barbarea verna ''Barbarea verna'' is a Biennial plant, biennial herb in the family Brassicaceae. Common names include land cress, American cress, bank cress, black wood cress, Belle Isle cress, Bermuda cress, early yellowrocket, early wintercress, scurvy cress ...

'' (I) *''

Barbarea vulgaris ''Barbarea vulgaris'', also called wintercress (usual common name), or alternatively herb barbara, rocketcress, yellow rocketcress, winter rocket, yellow rocket, and wound rocket, is a biennial herb of the genus '' Barbarea'', belonging to the fa ...

'' (I) *'' Bartonia virginica'' (N) *'' Bassia hirsuta'' (I) *''

Bassia scoparia ''Bassia scoparia'' is a large annual herb in the family Amaranthaceae ('' sensu lato'') native to Eurasia. It has been introduced to many parts of North America,

'' (I) *'' Beckmannia syzigachne'' (N) *''

Belamcanda chinensis ''Iris domestica'', commonly known as leopard lily, blackberry lily, and leopard flower, is an ornamental plant in the family Iridaceae. In 2005, based on molecular DNA sequence evidence, ''Belamcanda chinensis'', the sole species in the genus '' ...

'' (I) *''

Bellis perennis ''Bellis perennis'' (), the daisy, is a European species of the family Asteraceae, often considered the archetypal species of the name daisy. To distinguish this species from other plants known as daisies, it is sometimes qualified as common dais ...

'' (I) *'' Berberis × ottawensis'' (N) *''

Berberis thunbergii ''Berberis thunbergii'', the Japanese barberry, Thunberg's barberry, or red barberry, is a species of flowering plant in the barberry family Berberidaceae, native to Japan and eastern Asia, though widely naturalized in China and North America, w ...

'' (I) *''

Berberis vulgaris ''Berberis vulgaris'', also known as common barberry, European barberry or simply barberry, is a shrub in the genus ''Berberis'' native to the Old World. It produces edible but sharply acidic berries, which people in many countries eat as a tar ...

'' (I) *'' Berteroa incana'' (I) *'' Besseya bullii'' (N) * ''Betula alleghaniensis'' var. ''alleghaniensis'' (N) * ''Betula alleghaniensis'' var. ''macrolepis'' (N) *'' Betula lenta'' (N) *''

Betula nigra ''Betula nigra'', the black birch, river birch or water birch, is a species of birch native to the Eastern United States from New Hampshire west to southern Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and west to Texas. It is one of the few heat-tol ...

'' (N) * ''Betula papyrifera'' var. ''papyrifera'' (N) *''

Betula pendula ''Betula pendula'', commonly known as silver birch, warty birch, European white birch, or East Asian white birch, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native to Europe and parts of Asia, though in southern Europe, it is only found ...

'' (I) *'' Betula populifolia'' (N) *''

Betula pubescens ''Betula pubescens'' (syn. ''Betula alba''), commonly known as downy birch and also as moor birch, white birch, European white birch or hairy birch, is a species of deciduous tree, native and abundant throughout northern Europe and northern Asia ...

'' (N) * ''Betula pubescens'' ssp. ''pubescens'' (I) * ''Betula pumila'' var. ''pumila'' (N) *'' Betula × purpusii'' (N) *'' Bidens aristosa'' (N) *'' Bidens beckii'' (N) *'' Bidens bipinnata'' (N) *''

Bidens cernua ''Bidens cernua'' is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. ''Bidens cernua'' is distributed throughout much of Eurasia and North America.

'' (N) *'' Bidens connata'' (N) *''

Bidens coronata ''Coreopsis nuecensis'', the crown tickseed, is a North American plant species of '' Coreopsis'' in the family Asteraceae. It is native to Texas, Louisiana, and probably Tamaulipas. There are reports of isolated populations in Michigan and Florid ...

'' (N) *'' Bidens discoidea'' (N) *'' Bidens frondosa'' (N) *'' Bidens laevis'' (N) *''

Bidens tripartita ''Bidens tripartita'' is a common and widespread species of flowering plant in the sunflower family, Asteraceae, commonly known as three-lobe beggarticks, three-part beggarticks, leafy-bracted beggarticks or trifid bur-marigold. It is native to m ...

'' (N) *'' Bidens vulgata'' (N) *'' Bignonia capreolata'' (N) *'' Blephilia ciliata'' (N) * ''Blephilia hirsuta'' var. ''hirsuta'' (N) *''

Boehmeria cylindrica ''Boehmeria cylindrica'', with common names false nettle and bog hemp, is an herb in the family Urticaceae. It is widespread in eastern North America and the Great Plains from New Brunswick to Florida to Texas to Nebraska, with scattered repor ...

'' (N) * ''Boltonia asteroides'' var. ''recognita'' (N) *''

Borago officinalis Borage ( or ; ''Borago officinalis''), also known as starflower, is an annual herb in the flowering plant family Boraginaceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region, and has naturalized in many other locales. It grows satisfactorily in gar ...

'' (I) *'' Botrychium biternatum'' (N) *'' Botrychium dissectum'' (N) * ''Botrychium lanceolatum'' var. ''angustisegmentum'' (N) *'' Botrychium matricariifolium'' (N) *'' Botrychium multifidum'' (N) *'' Botrychium oneidense'' (N) *'' Botrychium simplex'' (N) *'' Botrychium virginianum'' (N) * ''Bouteloua curtipendula'' var. ''curtipendula'' (N) *'' Bouteloua gracilis'' (N) * ''Bouteloua hirsuta'' var. ''hirsuta'' (N) *'' Brachyelytrum erectum'' (N) *'' Brasenia schreberi'' (N) *''

Brassica juncea ''Brassica juncea'', commonly brown mustard, Chinese mustard, Indian mustard, leaf mustard, Oriental mustard and vegetable mustard, is a species of mustard plant. Cultivar ''Brassica juncea'' cultivars can be divided into four major subgroup ...

'' (I) *'' Brassica napus'' (I) *''

Brassica nigra ''Brassica nigra'', or black mustard, is an annual plant cultivated for its dark-brown-to-black seeds, which are commonly used as a spice. It is native to tropical regions of North Africa, temperate regions of Europe, and parts of Asia. Descri ...

'' (I) *''

Brassica oleracea ''Brassica oleracea'' is a plant species from family Brassicaceae that includes many common cultivars used as vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan. ...

'' (I) * ''Brassica rapa'' var. ''amplexicaulis'' (I) * ''Brassica rapa'' var. ''rapa'' (I) * ''Brickellia eupatorioides'' var. ''corymbulosa'' (N) * ''Brickellia eupatorioides'' var. ''eupatorioides'' (N) *''

Bromus arvensis ''Bromus arvensis'', the field brome, is a brome grass native to Europe and Asia. The specific epithet ''arvensis'' is Latin, meaning "of cultivated land". Description ''Bromus arvensis'' is an annual or biennial grass with erect culms growin ...

'' (I) *'' Bromus briziformis'' (I) *'' Bromus catharticus'' (I) * ''Bromus ciliatus'' var. ''ciliatus'' (N) *'' Bromus erectus'' (I) * ''Bromus hordeaceus'' ssp. ''hordeaceus'' (I) *'' Bromus inermis'' (N) * ''Bromus inermis'' ssp. ''inermis'' var. ''inermis'' (I) *''

Bromus kalmii ''Bromus kalmii'', Kalm's brome, is a species of brome grass. It is a native bunchgrass in the North-central and Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada. The specific epithet ''kalmii'' refers to its discoverer Peh ...

'' (N) *'' Bromus latiglumis'' (N) *'' Bromus nottowayanus'' (N) *''

Bromus pubescens ''Bromus pubescens'', the hairy woodland brome or hairy wood chess, is a grass species found across much of the eastern and central United States, as well as in Arizona, Québec and Ontario. ''Bromus pubescens'' is a perennial grass up to 1.2 m ...

'' (N) *'' Bromus racemosus'' (I) * ''Bromus secalinus'' var. ''secalinus'' (I) *'' Bromus sterilis'' (I) *'' Bromus tectorum'' (I) *''

Broussonetia papyrifera The paper mulberry (''Broussonetia papyrifera'', syn. ''Morus papyrifera'' L.) is a species of flowering plant in the family Moraceae. It is native to Asia,Browallia americana'' (I) *'' Brunnera macrophylla'' (I) *'' Buchnera americana'' (N) *''

Buddleja davidii ''Buddleja davidii'' (spelling variant ''Buddleia davidii''), also called summer lilac, butterfly-bush, or orange eye, is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology), family Scrophulariaceae, native plant, native to Sichuan and Hubei pro ...

'' (I) *'' Buglossoides arvensis'' (I) * ''Bulbostylis capillaris'' ssp. ''capillaris'' (N) *'' Bunias orientalis'' (I) *'' Bupleurum lancifolium'' (I) *''

Bupleurum rotundifolium ''Bupleurum rotundifolium'', hare's ear or hound's ear, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Bupleurum'', native to Morocco, Algeria, southern, central and eastern Europe, Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Successful in distur ...

'' (I) *'' Butomus umbellatus'' (I) *''

Buxus sempervirens ''Buxus sempervirens'', the common box, European box, or boxwood, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Buxus'', native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia, from southern England south to northern Morocco ...

'' (I)

C

* ''Cabomba caroliniana'' var. ''caroliniana'' (N) * ''Cakile edentula'' ssp. ''edentula'' var. ''lacustris'' (N) * ''Cakile edentula'' ssp. ''edentula'' (N) * ''Calamagrostis canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) * ''Calamagrostis canadensis'' var. ''macouniana'' (N) *'' Calamagrostis coarctata'' (N) * ''Calamagrostis porteri'' ssp. ''insperata'' (N) * ''Calamagrostis stricta'' ssp. ''inexpansa'' (N) * ''Calamovilfa longifolia'' var. ''magna'' (N) *''

Calendula officinalis ''Calendula officinalis'', the pot marigold, common marigold, ruddles, Mary's gold or Scotch marigold, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe, though its long history of cultivation makes its ...

'' (I) *''

Calla palustris ''Calla'' (bog arum, marsh calla, wild calla, squaw claw, and water-arumDickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004) ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario. Toronto:Royal Ontario Museum, p. 62.) is a genus of flowering plant i ...

'' (N) * ''Callitriche heterophylla'' ssp. ''heterophylla'' (N) *''

Callitriche palustris ''Callitriche palustris'', the vernal water-starwort, narrow-fruited water-starwort, or spiny water starwort, is a species of aquatic plants. It is the type species of its genus. References External links * * ''Callitriche palustris''at ...

'' (N) *'' Callitriche terrestris'' (N) *'' Calluna vulgaris'' (I) * ''Calopogon tuberosus'' var. ''tuberosus'' (N) * ''Caltha palustris'' var. ''palustris'' (N) * ''Calycanthus floridus'' var. ''glaucus'' (N) *'' Calystegia hederacea'' (I) * ''Calystegia sepium'' ssp. ''americana'' (N) * ''Calystegia sepium'' ssp. ''angulata'' (N) * ''Calystegia sepium'' ssp. ''sepium'' (I) *'' Calystegia silvatica'' (I) * ''Calystegia silvatica'' ssp. ''fraterniflora'' (N) * ''Calystegia spithamaea'' ssp. ''spithamaea'' (N) *'' Camassia scilloides'' (N) *''

Camelina microcarpa ''Camelina microcarpa'' is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by several common names, including littlepod false flax lesser gold-of-pleasure and small seed false flax. It is native to Europe and Asia, and it is common acros ...

'' (I) * ''Camelina sativa'' ssp. ''sativa'' (I) *'' Campanula aparinoides'' (N) *'' Campanula rapunculoides'' (I) *''

Campanula rotundifolia ''Campanula rotundifolia'', the harebell, Scottish bluebell, or bluebell of Scotland, is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family Campanulaceae. This herbaceous perennial is found throughout the temperate regions of the northern hemi ...

'' (N) *'' Campanula trachelium'' (I) *'' Campanulastrum americanum'' (N) *'' Campsis radicans'' (N) * ''Cannabis sativa'' ssp. ''sativa'' var. ''sativa'' (I) *''

Capsella bursa-pastoris ''Capsella bursa-pastoris'', known as shepherd's purse because of its triangular flat fruits, which are purse-like, is a small annual and ruderal flowering plant in the mustard family (Brassicaceae). It is native to eastern Europe and Asia minor, ...

'' (I) *''

Cardamine angustata ''Cardamine angustata'' (known by the common name slender toothwort) is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States, USDA, NRCS. 2014. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA ...

'' (N) *'' Cardamine bulbifera'' (I) *''

Cardamine bulbosa ''Cardamine bulbosa'', commonly called bulbous bittercress or spring cress, is a perennial plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae () or (the older) Cruciferae () is a medium-sized and economically important family of flowering plants comm ...

'' (N) *'' Cardamine concatenata'' (N) *''

Cardamine diphylla ''Cardamine diphylla'' (broadleaf toothwort, crinkle root, crinkle-root, crinkleroot, pepper root, twin-leaved toothwort, twoleaf toothwort, toothwort) is a plant native to North America. ''Cardamine diphylla'' is a spring woodland plant that i ...

'' (N) *'' Cardamine dissecta'' (N) *'' Cardamine douglassii'' (N) *'' Cardamine flexuosa'' (I) *'' Cardamine hirsuta'' (I) *''

Cardamine impatiens ''Cardamine impatiens'', the narrowleaf bittercress or narrow-leaved bitter-cress, is a plant species in the genus ''Cardamine'' of the family Brassicaceae. It is a slender, biennial herb, that produces sterile leaves in the first year, one to s ...

'' (I) *'' Cardamine maxima'' (N) * ''Cardamine parviflora'' var. ''arenicola'' (N) *'' Cardamine pensylvanica'' (N) * ''Cardamine pratensis'' var. ''pratensis'' (N) *'' Cardamine rotundifolia'' (N) *'' Cardaria draba'' (I) *'' Cardiospermum halicacabum'' (I) *''

Carduus acanthoides ''Carduus acanthoides'', known as the spiny plumeless thistle, welted thistle, or plumeless thistle, is a biennial plant species of thistle in the family Asteraceae. The plant is native to Europe and Asia and introduced in many other areas, where ...

'' (I) *''

Carduus crispus ''Carduus crispus'', the curly plumeless thistle or welted thistle, is a Biennial plant, biennial herb in the daisy family Asteraceae. ''C. crispus'' is native to multiple different countries all over Europe and Asia, but it is also naturalized i ...

'' (I) *'' Carduus nutans'' (I) *'' Carex aggregata'' (N) *'' Carex alata'' (N) * ''Carex albicans'' var. ''albicans'' (N) * ''Carex albicans'' var. ''emmonsii'' (N) *'' Carex albolutescens'' (N) *'' Carex albursina'' (N) *'' Carex alopecoidea'' (N) *'' Carex amphibola'' (N) *'' Carex annectens'' (N) *'' Carex appalachica'' (N) * ''Carex aquatilis'' var. ''aquatilis'' (N) *'' Carex arctata'' (N) *'' Carex argyrantha'' (N) *'' Carex atherodes'' (N) * ''Carex atlantica'' ssp. ''atlantica'' (N) * ''Carex atlantica'' ssp. ''capillacea'' (N) *''

Carex aurea ''Carex aurea'' is a species of sedge known by the common name golden sedge. It is native to much of North America, including most of Canada and the western, upper Midwest, and northeastern United States. It grows in wet habitat, often on soils ...

'' (N) *''

Carex bebbii ''Carex bebbii'', Bebb's sedge, is a species of Carex, sedge native to the northern United States and Canada. ''Carex bebbii'' grows in a variety of wetland habitats such as lakeshores, streambanks, ditches, meadows, swamps, and seeps. It forms d ...

'' (N) *'' Carex bicknellii'' (N) *'' Carex blanda'' (N) *'' Carex brevior'' (N) * ''Carex bromoides'' ssp. ''bromoides'' (N) * ''Carex brunnescens'' ssp. ''sphaerostachya'' (N) *'' Carex bushii'' (N) *'' Carex buxbaumii'' (N) * ''Carex canescens'' ssp. ''canescens'' (N) * ''Carex canescens'' ssp. ''disjuncta'' (N) *'' Carex careyana'' (N) *'' Carex caroliniana'' (N) *'' Carex cephaloidea'' (N) *'' Carex cephalophora'' (N) * ''Carex communis'' var. ''communis'' (N) *''

Carex comosa ''Carex comosa'' is a species of sedge known as longhair sedge and bristly sedge. It is native to North America, where it grows in western and eastern regions of Canada and the United States, and parts of Mexico. It grows in wet places, including ...

'' (N) *'' Carex conjuncta'' (N) *'' Carex conoidea'' (N) *'' Carex crawei'' (N) * ''Carex crinita'' var. ''brevicrinis'' (N) * ''Carex crinita'' var. ''crinita'' (N) *'' Carex cristatella'' (N) *'' Carex crus-corvi'' (N) *'' Carex cryptolepis'' (N) *'' Carex cumberlandensis'' (N) *'' Carex davisii'' (N) * ''Carex debilis'' var. ''debilis'' (N) * ''Carex debilis'' var. ''rudgei'' (N) *'' Carex decomposita'' (N) * ''Carex deweyana'' var. ''deweyana'' (N) *'' Carex diandra'' (N) * ''Carex digitalis'' var. ''digitalis'' (N) *''

Carex disperma ''Carex disperma'' is a species of sedge known by the common names softleaf sedge or two-seed sedge. It is native to much of the northern Northern Hemisphere, from Alaska to Greenland, most of Canada and the contiguous United States, and across E ...

'' (N) *'' Carex eburnea'' (N) * ''Carex echinata'' ssp. ''echinata'' (N) *'' Carex emoryi'' (N) *'' Carex festucacea'' (N) *''

Carex flava ''Carex flava'', called hedgehog grass, is a widespread species of sedge (genus ''Carex''), native to the northern United States, Canada, Iceland, Europe, the Atlas Mountains in Africa, the Transcaucasus area, and parts of Siberia. It is the name ...

'' (N) *'' Carex folliculata'' (N) *'' Carex formosa'' (N) *'' Carex frankii'' (N) *''

Carex garberi ''Carex garberi'' is a species of sedge known by the common names elk sedge and Garber's sedge native to North America. Distribution It is native to northern North America, where it occurs throughout Canada and Alaska and at higher elevations as ...

'' (N) *'' Carex glaucodea'' (N) *'' Carex gracilescens'' (N) *'' Carex gracillima'' (N) *'' Carex granularis'' (N) *'' Carex grayi'' (N) *'' Carex grisea'' (N) *'' Carex gynandra'' (N) *'' Carex haydenii'' (N) *'' Carex hirsutella'' (N) *'' Carex hirtifolia'' (N) *'' Carex hitchcockiana'' (N) *'' Carex hyalinolepis'' (N) *'' Carex hystericina'' (N) *'' Carex interior'' (N) *'' Carex intumescens'' (N) *'' Carex jamesii'' (N) *''

Carex juniperorum ''Carex juniperorum'', the juniper sedge, is a perennial flowering plant native to North America, first described by botanist William J. Crins in 1993. ''C. juniperorum'' is in the ''Cyperaceae'' (sedge) family, and is closely related to '' C ...

'' (N) *'' Carex lacustris'' (N) *'' Carex laevivaginata'' (N) * ''Carex lasiocarpa'' var. ''americana'' (N) * ''Carex laxiculmis'' var. ''copulata'' (N) * ''Carex laxiculmis'' var. ''laxiculmis'' (N) * ''Carex laxiflora'' var. ''laxiflora'' (N) *'' Carex leavenworthii'' (N) * ''Carex leptalea'' ssp. ''leptalea'' (N) *''

Carex leptonervia ''Carex leptonervia'', also known as nerveless woodland sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The ...

'' (N) *'' Carex limosa'' (N) *'' Carex longii'' (N) *'' Carex louisianica'' (N) * ''Carex lucorum'' var. ''lucorum'' (N) *'' Carex lupuliformis'' (N) *''

Carex lupulina ''Carex lupulina'', known as hop sedge or common hop sedge, is a species of Carex, sedge native to most of eastern North America. It was first species description, formally named in 1805. References

Carex, lupulina Flora of Northern Am ...

'' (N) *'' Carex lurida'' (N) * ''Carex magellanica'' ssp. ''irrigua'' (N) *'' Carex meadii'' (N) *'' Carex merritt-fernaldii'' (N) *'' Carex mesochorea'' (N) *'' Carex molesta'' (N) * ''Carex muehlenbergii'' var. ''enervis'' (N) * ''Carex muehlenbergii'' var. ''muehlenbergii'' (N) *''

Carex muskingumensis ''Carex muskingumensis'' is a species of sedge known by the common name Muskingum sedge. It is native primarily to the Midwestern United States where it is found in wet areas such as swamps, low woods, and sedge meadows. It is a fairly conservat ...

'' (N) *''

Carex nigromarginata ''Carex nigromarginata'' is a North American sedge The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, ...

'' (N) *'' Carex normalis'' (N) *'' Carex oligocarpa'' (N) * ''Carex oligosperma'' var. ''oligosperma'' (N) *'' Carex pallescens'' (N) *'' Carex peckii'' (N) *'' Carex pedunculata'' (N) *'' Carex pellita'' (N) *'' Carex pensylvanica'' (N) *''

Carex planispicata ''Carex planispicata'' is a Bunch grass, tussock-forming species of perennial Carex, sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is Native species, native to eastern parts of the United States. See also *List of Carex species, List of ''Carex'' species ...

'' (N) *''

Carex plantaginea ''Carex plantaginea'', commonly known as carex plantain, plaintainleaf sedge, or seersucker sedge,Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, Duhl, Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians, Lone Pine Publishing, (2005) p 397, is a ...

'' (N) *''

Carex platyphylla ''Carex platyphylla'', called the broad leaf sedge and silver sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Carex ''Carex'' is a vast genus of more than 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sed ...

'' (N) *'' Carex praegracilis'' (N) *'' Carex prairea'' (N) *'' Carex prasina'' (N) *''

Carex projecta ''Carex projecta'', the necklace sedge, is a species of sedge The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about ...

'' (N) *'' Carex pseudocyperus'' (N) *'' Carex purpurifera'' (N) *'' Carex radiata'' (N) *''

Carex retroflexa ''Carex'' is a vast genus of more than 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges, however those of genus ''Carex'' ...

'' (N) *'' Carex retrorsa'' (N) *'' Carex richardsonii'' (N) *''

Carex rosea ''Carex rosea'', the rosy sedge, is a flowering plant and part of the family Cyperaceae. Synonyms for ''Carex rosea'' include ''Carex concoluta'', and ''Carex flaccidula''. It is native to central and eastern North America and it exists in wet to ...

'' (N) * ''Carex sartwellii'' var. ''sartwellii'' (N) *'' Carex scabrata'' (N) * ''Carex scoparia'' var. ''scoparia'' (N) *'' Carex seorsa'' (N) *'' Carex shortiana'' (N) *'' Carex siccata'' (N) *'' Carex sparganioides'' (N) *''

Carex spicata ''Carex spicata'' is a species of sedge in the genus ''Carex''. Description The culms of ''Carex spicata'' are long and approximately triangular in section. The leaves are long and wide, with a distinct keel. The ligule, at the base of the ...

'' (I) *'' Carex sprengelii'' (N) *''

Carex squarrosa ''Carex squarrosa'' is a species of sedge (genus ''Carex''), native to the central and eastern United States, and Ontario in Canada. It is typically found in bottomland hardwood forest The bottomland hardwood forest is a type of deciduous and ev ...

'' (N) *'' Carex sterilis'' (N) * ''Carex stipata'' var. ''maxima'' (N) * ''Carex stipata'' var. ''stipata'' (N) *''

Carex straminea ''Carex straminea'', known as eastern straw sedge, is a species of sedge The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species describe ...

'' (N) *'' Carex striatula'' (N) *'' Carex stricta'' (N) *''

Carex styloflexa ''Carex'' is a vast genus of more than 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges, however those of genus ''Carex'' ...

'' (N) *''

Carex suberecta ''Carex suberecta'', known as prairie straw sedge, is a species of sedge The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species describe ...

'' (N) *'' Carex × subimpressa'' (N) *'' Carex × sullivantii'' (N) *''

Carex swanii ''Carex swanii'', known as Swan's sedge or downy green sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is ...

'' (N) *''

Carex tenera ''Carex tenera'', known as quill sedge, is a species of sedge native to the northern United States and Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacifi ...

'' (N) *''

Carex tenuiflora ''Carex tenuiflora'', the sparse-flowered sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to the Subarctic and Hemiboreal Northern Hemisphere; Alaska, Canada, the northern US, Scandinavia, the Baltic States, all of R ...

'' (N) *''

Carex tetanica ''Carex tetanica'', also known as rigid sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, ...

'' (N) *'' Carex texensis'' (N) *''

Carex timida ''Carex'' is a vast genus of more than 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges, however those of genus ''Carex' ...

'' (N) * ''Carex tonsa'' var. ''rugosperma'' (N) *'' Carex torta'' (N) * ''Carex tribuloides'' var. ''tribuloides'' (N) *'' Carex trichocarpa'' (N) * ''Carex trisperma'' var. ''trisperma'' (N) *''

Carex tuckermanii ''Carex tuckermanii'', commonly known as Tuckerman's sedge, is a species of true sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is a perennial plant native to North America. Conservation status ''Carex tuckermanii'' is listed as endangered in Illinois, Mar ...

'' (N) *'' Carex typhina'' (N) *''

Carex umbellata ''Carex umbellata'', the parasol sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Carex'', native to Canada and the central and eastern US, and introduced to the Dominican Republic. Its seeds are Myrmecochory, dispersed by ants. References< ...

'' (N) *'' Carex utriculata'' (N) * ''Carex vesicaria'' var. ''monile'' (N) *''

Carex virescens ''Carex virescens'', the ribbed sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyperaceae, native to eastern North America. It strongly resembles and has nearly the same range as ''Carex swanii ''Carex swanii'', known as Swan's sedge o ...

'' (N) * ''Carex viridula'' ssp. ''viridula'' (N) * ''Carex vulpinoidea'' var. ''vulpinoidea'' (N) *'' Carex willdenowii'' (N) *'' Carex woodii'' (N) * ''Carpinus caroliniana'' ssp. ''virginiana'' (N) *'' Carthamus tinctorius'' (I) *'' Carum carvi'' (I) *'' Carya alba'' (N) *'' Carya × brownii'' (N) *''

Carya cordiformis ''Carya cordiformis'', the bitternut hickory, also called bitternut or swamp hickory, is a large pecan hickory with commercial stands located mostly north of the other pecan hickories. Bitternut hickory is cut and sold in mixture with the true h ...

'' (N) *''

Carya glabra ''Carya glabra'', the pignut hickory, is a common, but not abundant species of hickory in the oak-hickory forest association in the Eastern United States and Canada. Other common names are pignut, sweet pignut, coast pignut hickory, smoothbark ...

'' (N) *'' Carya illinoinensis'' (N) *''

Carya laciniosa ''Carya laciniosa'', the shellbark hickory, in the Juglandaceae or walnut family is also called kingnut, big, bottom, thick, or western shellbark, attesting to some of its characteristics. It is a slow-growing, long-lived tree, hard to transpla ...

'' (N) *'' Carya ovalis'' (N) *'' Carya ovata'' (N) *'' Castanea dentata'' (N) * ''Castanea pumila'' var. ''pumila'' (N) *'' Castilleja coccinea'' (N) *''

Catalpa bignonioides ''Catalpa bignonioides'' is a species of ''Catalpa'' that is native to the southeastern United States in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Common names include southern catalpa, cigartree, and Indian-bean-tree (or Indian bean ...

'' (N) *'' Catalpa ovata'' (I) *''

Catalpa speciosa ''Catalpa speciosa'', commonly known as the northern catalpa, hardy catalpa, western catalpa, cigar tree, catawba-tree, or ''bois chavanon'', is a species of ''Catalpa'' native to the midwestern United States. The Latin specific epithet ''speci ...

'' (N) *''

Caulophyllum giganteum ''Caulophyllum giganteum'', the northern blue cohosh, is a species of flowering plant in the barberry family. It is native primarily to northeastern North America, where it is found in rich forests. ''Caulophyllum giganteum'' produces around f ...

'' (N) *''

Caulophyllum thalictroides ''Caulophyllum thalictroides'', the blue cohosh, a species of '' Caulophyllum'' (family Berberidaceae) is a flowering plant in the Berberidaceae (barberry) family. It is a medium-tall perennial with blue berry-like fruits and bluish-green foliage ...

'' (N) *''

Ceanothus americanus ''Ceanothus americanus'' is a species of ''Ceanothus'' shrub native to North America. Common names include New Jersey tea, Jersey tea ceanothus, variations of red root (red-root; redroot), mountain sweet (mountain-sweet; mountainsweet), and wild ...

'' (N) *'' Ceanothus herbaceus'' (N) *'' Celastrus orbiculatus'' (I) *''

Celastrus scandens ''Celastrus scandens'', commonly called American bittersweet or bittersweet, is a species of ''Celastrus'' that blooms mostly in June and is commonly found on rich, well-drained soils of woodlands. It is a sturdy perennial vine that may have t ...

'' (N) *''

Celosia argentea ''Celosia argentea'', commonly known as the plumed cockscomb or silver cock's comb, is a herbaceous plant of tropical origin in the Amaranthaceae family from India and Nepal. The plant is known for its very bright colors. In India and China it is ...

'' (I) *'' Celtis occidentalis'' (N) *''

Celtis tenuifolia ''Celtis tenuifolia'', the dwarf hackberry or Georgia hackberry is a shrub or small tree . It is native to eastern North America but is very uncommon north of the Ohio River. In Canada, dwarf hackberry is designated as threatened and protected ...

'' (N) *'' Cenchrus longispinus'' (N) *'' Centaurea cyanus'' (I) *'' Centaurea diffusa'' (I) *'' Centaurea jacea'' (I) *'' Centaurea nigra'' (I) *''

Centaurea nigrescens ''Centaurea nigrescens'', the Tyrol knapweed, short-fringed knapweed or Tyrol thistle, is a perennial plant in the genus ''Centaurea'' that grows natively in Central and South-eastern Europe (from Southern Germany and Northern Italy to Romania an ...

'' (I) *'' Centaurea phrygia'' (I) *'' Centaurea scabiosa'' (I) *''

Centaurea solstitialis ''Centaurea solstitialis'', the yellow star-thistle, is a species of thorny plant in the genus '' Centaurea'', which is part of the family Asteraceae. A winter annual, it is native to the Mediterranean Basin region and invasive in many other ...

'' (I) * ''Centaurea stoebe'' ssp. ''micranthos'' (I) *'' Centaurea transalpina'' (N) *'' Centaurium erythraea'' (I) *'' Centaurium pulchellum'' (I) *'' Centella erecta'' (N) *''

Cephalanthus occidentalis ''Cephalanthus occidentalis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae that is native to eastern and southern North America. Common names include buttonbush, common buttonbush, button-willow, buck brush, and honey-bells. Descripti ...

'' (N) *''

Cerastium arvense ''Cerastium arvense'' is a species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common names field mouse-ear and field chickweed. It is a widespread species, occurring throughout Europe and North America, as well as parts of South America. ...

'' (I) * ''Cerastium arvense'' ssp. ''strictum'' (N) * ''Cerastium arvense'' ssp. ''velutinum'' var. ''velutinum'' (N) * ''Cerastium arvense'' ssp. ''velutinum'' (N) *'' Cerastium brachypetalum'' (I) *''

Cerastium dubium ''Cerastium'' is a genus of annual, winter annual, or perennial plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. They are commonly called mouse-ear chickweed. Species are found nearly worldwide but the greatest concentration is in the northern tem ...

'' (I) * ''Cerastium fontanum'' ssp. ''vulgare'' (I) *''

Cerastium glomeratum ''Cerastium glomeratum'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names sticky mouse-ear chickweed and clammy chickweed. It is probably native to Eurasia but it is known on most continents as an introduced ...

'' (I) * ''Cerastium nutans'' var. ''nutans'' (N) *'' Cerastium pumilum'' (I) *''

Cerastium semidecandrum ''Cerastium'' is a genus of annual, winter annual, or perennial plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. They are commonly called mouse-ear chickweed. Species are found nearly worldwide but the greatest concentration is in the northern tem ...

'' (I) *''

Cerastium tomentosum ''Cerastium tomentosum'' (snow-in-summer) is an herbaceous flowering plant and a member of the family Caryophyllaceae. It is generally distinguished from other species of its genus by "tomentose" or felty foliage. It is a low, spreading perennial ...

'' (I) *'' Ceratocephala testiculata'' (I) *''

Ceratophyllum demersum ''Ceratophyllum demersum'', commonly known as hornwort, rigid hornwort, coontail, or coon's tail, is a species of ''Ceratophyllum''. It is a submerged, free-floating aquatic plant, with a cosmopolitan distribution, native to all continents except ...

'' (N) *''

Ceratophyllum echinatum ''Ceratophyllum echinatum'', known as prickly hornwort, spiny hornwort, or spiny coontail, is an aquatic, perennial plant found in North America. Its name comes from fruits, which have a warty surface and long spines. Spiny hornwort can be found ...

'' (N) *''

Cercidiphyllum japonicum ''Cercidiphyllum japonicum'', known as the katsura (from its Japanese name カツラ, 桂), is a species of flowering tree in the family Cercidiphyllaceae native to China and Japan. It is sometimes called ''caramel tree'' for the light caramel sm ...

'' (I) * ''Cercis canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *''

Chaenomeles speciosa ''Chaenomeles speciosa'', the flowering quince, Chinese quince, or Japanese quinceBailey, L.H.; Bailey, E.Z.; the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. ''Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States ...

'' (I) *'' Chaenorhinum minus'' (I) * ''Chaerophyllum procumbens'' var. ''procumbens'' (N) * ''Chaerophyllum procumbens'' var. ''shortii'' (N) * ''Chaerophyllum tainturieri'' var. ''tainturieri'' (N) *''

Chaiturus marrubiastrum ''Chaiturus'' is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1787. It contains only one known species, ''Chaiturus marrubiastrum'', native to central and southern Europe (Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy, Balkans, Ukraine, etc.), R ...

'' (I) * ''Chamaecrista fasciculata'' var. ''fasciculata'' (N) * ''Chamaecrista nictitans'' ssp. ''nictitans'' var. ''nictitans'' (N) * ''Chamaecrista nictitans'' ssp. ''nictitans'' (N) *''

Chamaedaphne calyculata ''Chamaedaphne calyculata'', known commonly as leatherleaf or cassandra, is a perennial dwarf shrub in the plant family Ericaceae and the only species in the genus ''Chamaedaphne''. It is commonly seen in cold, acidic bogs and forms large, spread ...

'' (N) *'' Chamaelirium luteum'' (N) *'' Chamaemelum mixtum'' (I) *''

Chamaemelum nobile ''Chamaemelum nobile'', commonly known as chamomile (also spelled camomile), is a low perennial plant found in dry fields and around gardens and cultivated grounds in Europe, North America, and South America. Its synonym is ''Anthemis nobili ...

'' (I) *'' Chamaesyce humistrata'' (N) *''

Chamaesyce maculata ''Euphorbia maculata'', known as spotted spurge, prostrate spurge (not to be confused with '' Euphorbia prostrata''), ''milk purslane'', or ''spotted sandmat'', is a fast-growing annual plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. While it is native to No ...

'' (N) *'' Chamaesyce nutans'' (N) *'' Chamaesyce polygonifolia'' (N) *'' Chamaesyce prostrata'' (N) *'' Chamaesyce serpens'' (N) *'' Chamaesyce vermiculata'' (N) * ''Chamerion angustifolium'' ssp. ''circumvagum'' (N) *'' Chasmanthium latifolium'' (N) * ''Chelidonium majus'' var. ''majus'' (I) *'' Chelone glabra'' (N) * ''Chenopodium album'' var. ''missouriense'' (N) * ''Chenopodium album'' var. ''album'' (I) * ''Chenopodium ambrosioides'' var. ''ambrosioides'' (I) * ''Chenopodium berlandieri'' var. ''bushianum'' (N) * ''Chenopodium berlandieri'' var. ''zschackii'' (N) *'' Chenopodium botrys'' (I) *'' Chenopodium capitatum'' (N) *'' Chenopodium glaucum'' (I) *'' Chenopodium glaucum'' (N) *'' Chenopodium humile'' (I) *'' Chenopodium humile'' (N) * ''Chenopodium incanum'' var. ''incanum'' (N) *''

Chenopodium murale ''Chenopodiastrum murale'', (Syn. ''Chenopodium murale'') is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae known by the common names nettle-leaved goosefoot, Australian-spinach, salt-green, and sowbane. This plant is native to Europe and parts o ...

'' (I) * ''Chenopodium polyspermum'' var. ''acutifolium'' (I) *'' Chenopodium pratericola'' (N) *'' Chenopodium pumilio'' (I) *'' Chenopodium simplex'' (N) *'' Chenopodium standleyanum'' (N) *''

Chenopodium subglabrum ''Chenopodium'' is a genus of numerous species of perennial or annual herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world. It is placed in the family Amaranthaceae in the APG II system; older classifi ...

'' (N) *'' Chenopodium urbicum'' (I) *''

Chenopodium vulvaria ''Chenopodium vulvaria'', the stinking goosefoot or notchweed, is a foul-smelling plant or weed. The plant is a member of the genus ''Chenopodium'', the goosefoots. Distribution Its native distribution is practically pan-European and extends eas ...

'' (I) *'' Chimaphila maculata'' (N) * ''Chimaphila umbellata'' ssp. ''cisatlantica'' (N) *'' Chionanthus virginicus'' (N) *'' Chloris verticillata'' (N) *'' Chloris virgata'' (N) *'' Chorispora tenella'' (I) *'' Chrysanthemum × morifolium'' (I) * ''Chrysogonum virginianum'' var. ''virginianum'' (N) *''

Chrysopsis mariana ''Chrysopsis mariana'', known as the Maryland golden-aster, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. The Maryland golden-aster ranges from Rhode Island and New York (state), New York, west to Kentucky and southern Ohio, and ...

'' (N) *'' Chrysosplenium americanum'' (N) *''

Cichorium intybus Common chicory (''Cichorium intybus'') is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the family Asteraceae, usually with bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink. Native to the Old World, it has been introduced to North America and Austral ...

'' (I) *''

Cicuta bulbifera ''Cicuta bulbifera'', commonly known as the bulb-bearing water-hemlock, is a plant native to North America and one of four species in the poisonous genus ''Cicuta''. Tiny bulbils form in the leaf joints in the upper part of the plant, giving the ...

'' (N) * ''Cicuta maculata'' var. ''maculata'' (N) *'' Cinna arundinacea'' (N) *'' Cinna latifolia'' (N) * ''Circaea alpina'' ssp. ''alpina'' (N) *'' Circaea × intermedia'' (N) * ''Circaea lutetiana'' ssp. ''canadensis'' (N) *''

Cirsium altissimum ''Cirsium altissimum'' is a North American species of plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. Common names are tall thistle or roadside thistle. The species is native to the eastern and Central United States. Description ''Ci ...

'' (N) *''

Cirsium arvense ''Cirsium arvense'' is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native throughout Europe and western Asia, northern Africa and widely introduced elsewhere.Joint Nature Conservation Committee''Cirsium arvense'' The standa ...

'' (I) *'' Cirsium canescens'' (N) *'' Cirsium carolinianum'' (N) *'' Cirsium discolor'' (N) *''

Cirsium muticum ''Cirsium muticum'', also known as swamp thistle, marsh thistle, dunce-nettle, or horsetops, is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae, native to central and eastern Canada and the central and eastern United States. Descri ...

'' (N) *'' Cirsium pumilum'' (N) *''

Cirsium vulgare ''Cirsium vulgare'', the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus ''Cirsium'', native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwest ...

'' (I) * ''Citrullus lanatus'' var. ''lanatus'' (I) *''Cladium mariscoides'' (N) *''Cladrastis kentukea'' (N) *''Clarkia pulchella'' (N) *Claytonia caroliniana, ''Claytonia caroliniana'' var. ''caroliniana'' (N) *Claytonia virginica, ''Claytonia virginica'' var. ''virginica'' (N) *Clematis occidentalis, ''Clematis occidentalis'' var. ''occidentalis'' (N) *''Clematis terniflora'' (I) *''Clematis viorna'' (N) *''Clematis virginiana'' (N) *''Cleome hassleriana'' (I) *''Cleome serrulata'' (N) *''Clinopodium arkansanum'' (N) *''Clinopodium vulgare'' (N) *''Clintonia borealis'' (N) *''Clintonia umbellulata'' (N) *''Clitoria mariana'' (N) *''Coix lacryma-jobi'' (I) *''Collinsia verna'' (N) *''Collinsonia canadensis'' (N) *''Collinsonia verticillata'' (N) *''Collomia linearis'' (N) *''Colutea arborescens'' (I) *Comandra umbellata, ''Comandra umbellata'' ssp. ''umbellata'' (N) *''Comarum palustre'' (N) *''Commelina communis'' (I) *Commelina diffusa, ''Commelina diffusa'' var. ''diffusa'' (N) *''Commelina virginica'' (N) *''Comptonia peregrina'' (N) *''Conioselinum chinense'' (N) *''Conium maculatum'' (I) *''Conoclinium coelestinum'' (N) *''Conopholis americana'' (N) *''Conringia orientalis'' (I) *''Consolida ajacis'' (I) *''Consolida regalis'' (I) *''Convallaria majalis'' (I) *''Convolvulus arvensis'' (I) *Conyza canadensis, ''Conyza canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *Conyza canadensis, ''Conyza canadensis'' var. ''pusilla'' (N) *''Conyza ramosissima'' (N) *''Coptis trifolia'' (N) *Corallorhiza maculata, ''Corallorhiza maculata'' var. ''maculata'' (N) *Corallorhiza odontorhiza, ''Corallorhiza odontorhiza'' var. ''odontorhiza'' (N) *''Corallorhiza trifida'' (N) *''Corallorhiza wisteriana'' (N) *Coreopsis grandiflora, ''Coreopsis grandiflora'' var. ''harveyana'' (N) *''Coreopsis lanceolata'' (N) *''Coreopsis major'' (N) *Coreopsis tinctoria, ''Coreopsis tinctoria'' var. ''tinctoria'' (N) *''Coreopsis tripteris'' (N) *''Coreopsis verticillata'' (N) *''Coriandrum sativum'' (I) *Corispermum americanum, ''Corispermum americanum'' var. ''americanum'' (N) *''Corispermum pallasii'' (I) *''Corispermum pallasii'' (N) *''Cornus alternifolia'' (N) *''Cornus amomum'' (N) *''Cornus × arnoldiana'' (N) *''Cornus canadensis'' (N) *''Cornus drummondii'' (N) *''Cornus florida'' (N) *''Cornus obliqua'' (N) *''Cornus racemosa'' (N) *''Cornus rugosa'' (N) *Cornus sericea, ''Cornus sericea'' ssp. ''sericea'' (N) *''Coronilla scorpioides'' (I) *''Coronopus didymus'' (I) *''Corydalis aurea'' (N) *''Corydalis flavula'' (N) *''Corydalis sempervirens'' (N) *''Corylus americana'' (N) *Corylus cornuta, ''Corylus cornuta'' var. ''cornuta'' (N) *''Cosmos bipinnatus'' (I) *''Cotinus coggygria'' (I) *''Cotoneaster divaricatus'' (I) *''Cotoneaster simonsii'' (I) *''Crataegus × anomala'' (N) *''Crataegus apiomorpha'' (N) *''Crataegus arborea'' (N) *''Crataegus ater'' (N) *''Crataegus beata'' (N) *''Crataegus brainerdii'' (N) *''Crataegus calpodendron'' (N) *Crataegus chrysocarpa, ''Crataegus chrysocarpa'' var. ''chrysocarpa'' (N) *''Crataegus coleae'' (N) *''Crataegus compacta'' (N) *''Crataegus compta'' (N) *''Crataegus corusca'' (N) *''Crataegus crus-galli'' (N) *''Crataegus disperma'' (N) *''Crataegus dissona'' (N) *''Crataegus engelmannii'' (N) *''Crataegus flabellata'' (N) *''Crataegus holmesiana'' (N) *''Crataegus × hudsonica'' (N) *''Crataegus × immanis'' (N) *''Crataegus indicens'' (N) *''Crataegus intricata'' (N) *''Crataegus iracunda'' (N) *''Crataegus irrasa'' (N) *''Crataegus jesupii'' (N) *''Crataegus lucorum'' (N) *''Crataegus macrosperma'' (N) *''Crataegus margarettiae'' (N) *''Crataegus mollis'' (N) *''Crataegus monogyna'' (I) *''Crataegus nitida'' (N) *''Crataegus pedicellata'' (N) *''Crataegus pennsylvanica'' (N) *''Crataegus persimilis'' (N) *''Crataegus phaenopyrum'' (N) *''Crataegus pringlei'' (N) *''Crataegus prona'' (N) *''Crataegus pruinosa'' (N) *''Crataegus punctata'' (N) *''Crataegus scabrida'' (N) *''Crataegus schuettei'' (N) *''Crataegus submollis'' (N) *''Crataegus suborbiculata'' (N) *''Crataegus succulenta'' (N) *''Crataegus tanuphylla'' (N) *''Crataegus uniflora'' (N) *''Crepis biennis'' (I) *''Crepis capillaris'' (I) *''Crepis nicaeensis'' (I) *''Crepis pulchra'' (I) *''Crepis setosa'' (I) *''Crepis tectorum'' (I) *''Crotalaria sagittalis'' (N) *Croton capitatus, ''Croton capitatus'' var. ''capitatus'' (N) *Croton glandulosus, ''Croton glandulosus'' var. ''septentrionalis'' (N) *''Croton monanthogynus'' (N) *''Cruciata pedemontana'' (I) *''Crypsis schoenoides'' (I) *''Cryptotaenia canadensis'' (N) *''Cucumis melo'' (I) *''Cucumis sativus'' (I) *''Cucurbita foetidissima'' (N) *''Cucurbita maxima'' (I) *''Cucurbita pepo'' (N) *Cucurbita pepo, ''Cucurbita pepo'' var. ''pepo'' (I) *''Cunila origanoides'' (N) *''Cuphea viscosissima'' (N) *''Cuscuta cephalanthi'' (N) *Cuscuta compacta, ''Cuscuta compacta'' var. ''compacta'' (N) *''Cuscuta coryli'' (N) *''Cuscuta epilinum'' (I) *''Cuscuta epithymum'' (I) *''Cuscuta glomerata'' (N) *Cuscuta gronovii, ''Cuscuta gronovii'' var. ''gronovii'' (N) *Cuscuta pentagona, ''Cuscuta pentagona'' var. ''pentagona'' (N) *''Cuscuta polygonorum'' (N) *''Cuscuta suaveolens'' (I) *''Cyclachaena xanthifolia'' (N) *''Cycloloma atriplicifolium'' (N) *''Cydonia oblonga'' (I) *''Cymbalaria muralis'' (I) *''Cynanchum laeve'' (N) *''Cynanchum louiseae'' (I) *''Cynodon dactylon'' (I) *''Cynoglossum officinale'' (I) *Cynoglossum virginianum, ''Cynoglossum virginianum'' var. ''boreale'' (N) *Cynoglossum virginianum, ''Cynoglossum virginianum'' var. ''virginianum'' (N) *''Cynosurus cristatus'' (I) *''Cynosurus echinatus'' (I) *''Cyperus acuminatus'' (N) *''Cyperus amuricus'' (I) *''Cyperus bipartitus'' (N) *''Cyperus compressus'' (N) *''Cyperus diandrus'' (N) *''Cyperus echinatus'' (N) *''Cyperus erythrorhizos'' (N) *''Cyperus esculentus'' (N) *Cyperus esculentus, ''Cyperus esculentus'' var. ''leptostachyus'' (I) *''Cyperus flavescens'' (N) *''Cyperus houghtonii'' (N) *''Cyperus iria'' (I) *''Cyperus lancastriensis'' (N) *Cyperus lupulinus, ''Cyperus lupulinus'' ssp. ''lupulinus'' (N) *Cyperus lupulinus, ''Cyperus lupulinus'' ssp. ''macilentus'' (N) *''Cyperus odoratus'' (N) *''Cyperus refractus'' (N) *''Cyperus retrofractus'' (N) *''Cyperus schweinitzii'' (N) *''Cyperus squarrosus'' (N) *''Cyperus strigosus'' (N) *''Cypripedium acaule'' (N) *Cypripedium × andrewsii, ''Cypripedium × andrewsii'' var. ''andrewsii'' (N) *Cypripedium × andrewsii, ''Cypripedium × andrewsii'' var. ''landonii'' (N) *''Cypripedium candidum'' (N) *Cypripedium parviflorum, ''Cypripedium parviflorum'' var. ''parviflorum'' (N) *Cypripedium parviflorum, ''Cypripedium parviflorum'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *''Cypripedium reginae'' (N) *''Cyrtomium falcatum'' (I) *''Cystopteris bulbifera'' (N) *''Cystopteris fragilis'' (N) *''Cystopteris × illinoensis'' (N) *''Cystopteris protrusa'' (N) *''Cystopteris tennesseensis'' (N) *''Cystopteris tenuis'' (N) *''Cystopteris × wagneri'' (N) *Cytisus scoparius, ''Cytisus scoparius'' var. ''scoparius'' (I)

D

*Dactylis glomerata, ''Dactylis glomerata'' ssp. ''glomerata'' (I) *''Dactyloctenium aegyptium'' (I) *''Dactylorhiza viridis'' (N) *''Dalea leporina'' (N) *Dalea purpurea, ''Dalea purpurea'' var. ''purpurea'' (N) *''Dalibarda repens'' (N) *''Danthonia compressa'' (N) *''Danthonia spicata'' (N) *''Daphne mezereum'' (I) *Dasiphora fruticosa, ''Dasiphora fruticosa'' ssp. ''floribunda'' (N) *''Dasistoma macrophylla'' (N) *''Datura stramonium'' (I) *''Datura wrightii'' (N) *''Daucus carota'' (I) *''Decodon verticillatus'' (N) *''Delphinium exaltatum'' (N) *''Delphinium tricorne'' (N) *''Dennstaedtia punctilobula'' (N) *''Deparia acrostichoides'' (N) *''Deschampsia cespitosa'' (N) *''Deschampsia danthonioides'' (N) *Deschampsia flexuosa, ''Deschampsia flexuosa'' var. ''flexuosa'' (N) *Descurainia pinnata, ''Descurainia pinnata'' ssp. ''brachycarpa'' (N) *''Descurainia sophia'' (I) *''Desmanthus illinoensis'' (N) *''Desmodium canadense'' (N) *''Desmodium canescens'' (N) *Desmodium ciliare, ''Desmodium ciliare'' var. ''ciliare'' (N) *Desmodium cuspidatum, ''Desmodium cuspidatum'' var. ''cuspidatum'' (N) *Desmodium cuspidatum, ''Desmodium cuspidatum'' var. ''longifolium'' (N) *''Desmodium glutinosum'' (N) *''Desmodium illinoense'' (N) *''Desmodium laevigatum'' (N) *''Desmodium marilandicum'' (N) *''Desmodium nudiflorum'' (N) *''Desmodium obtusum'' (N) *Desmodium paniculatum, ''Desmodium paniculatum'' var. ''paniculatum'' (N) *''Desmodium pauciflorum'' (N) *''Desmodium perplexum'' (N) *''Desmodium rotundifolium'' (N) *''Desmodium sessilifolium'' (N) *''Desmodium viridiflorum'' (N) *''Dianthus armeria'' (I) *''Dianthus barbatus'' (I) *''Dianthus deltoides'' (I) *''Dianthus plumarius'' (I) *''Diarrhena americana'' (N) *''Diarrhena obovata'' (N) *''Dicentra canadensis'' (N) *''Dicentra cucullaria'' (N) *''Dicentra eximia'' (N) *Dichanthelium acuminatum, ''Dichanthelium acuminatum'' var. ''acuminatum'' (N) *Dichanthelium acuminatum, ''Dichanthelium acuminatum'' var. ''fasciculatum'' (N) *Dichanthelium acuminatum, ''Dichanthelium acuminatum'' var. ''lindheimeri'' (N) *''Dichanthelium boreale'' (N) *''Dichanthelium boscii'' (N) *''Dichanthelium clandestinum'' (N) *''Dichanthelium commutatum'' (N) *''Dichanthelium depauperatum'' (N) *Dichanthelium dichotomum, ''Dichanthelium dichotomum'' var. ''dichotomum'' (N) *''Dichanthelium latifolium'' (N) *''Dichanthelium laxiflorum'' (N) *''Dichanthelium leibergii'' (N) *''Dichanthelium linearifolium'' (N) *''Dichanthelium longiligulatum'' (N) *''Dichanthelium meridionale'' (N) *Dichanthelium oligosanthes, ''Dichanthelium oligosanthes'' var. ''oligosanthes'' (N) *Dichanthelium oligosanthes, ''Dichanthelium oligosanthes'' var. ''scribnerianum'' (N) *Dichanthelium ovale, ''Dichanthelium ovale'' var. ''addisonii'' (N) *Dichanthelium sabulorum, ''Dichanthelium sabulorum'' var. ''patulum'' (N) *Dichanthelium sabulorum, ''Dichanthelium sabulorum'' var. ''thinium'' (N) *Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon, ''Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon'' var. ''isophyllum'' (N) *Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon, ''Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon'' var. ''sphaerocarpon'' (N) *''Dichanthelium spretum'' (N) *Dichanthelium villosissimum, ''Dichanthelium villosissimum'' var. ''praecocius'' (N) *''Dichondra carolinensis'' (N) *''Diervilla lonicera'' (N) *''Digitalis grandiflora'' (I) *''Digitalis lanata'' (I) *''Digitalis lutea'' (I) *Digitalis purpurea, ''Digitalis purpurea'' ssp. ''purpurea'' (I) *''Digitaria ciliaris'' (N) *''Digitaria cognata'' (N) *''Digitaria filiformis'' (N) *''Digitaria ischaemum'' (I) *''Digitaria sanguinalis'' (N) *Diodia teres, ''Diodia teres'' var. ''teres'' (N) *Diodia virginiana, ''Diodia virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Dioscorea polystachya'' (I) *''Dioscorea quaternata'' (N) *''Dioscorea villosa'' (N) *''Diospyros virginiana'' (N) *''Diplazium pycnocarpon'' (N) *''Diplotaxis muralis'' (I) *''Diplotaxis tenuifolia'' (I) *''Dipsacus fullonum'' (I) *''Dipsacus laciniatus'' (I) *''Dipsacus sativus'' (I) *''Dirca palustris'' (N) *''Distichlis spicata'' (N) *Dodecatheon meadia, ''Dodecatheon meadia'' ssp. ''meadia'' (N) *''Doellingeria infirma'' (N) *Doellingeria umbellata, ''Doellingeria umbellata'' var. ''umbellata'' (N) *''Draba brachycarpa'' (N) *Draba cuneifolia, ''Draba cuneifolia'' var. ''cuneifolia'' (N) *''Draba reptans'' (N) *''Draba verna'' (I) *''Dracocephalum parviflorum'' (N) *''Drosera intermedia'' (N) *Drosera rotundifolia, ''Drosera rotundifolia'' var. ''rotundifolia'' (N) *''Dryopteris × benedictii'' (N) *''Dryopteris × boottii'' (N) *''Dryopteris carthusiana'' (N) *''Dryopteris clintoniana'' (N) *''Dryopteris cristata'' (N) *''Dryopteris goldieana'' (N) *''Dryopteris intermedia'' (N) *''Dryopteris marginalis'' (N) *''Dryopteris × mickelii'' (N) *''Dryopteris × neowherryi'' (N) *''Dryopteris × pittsfordensis'' (N) *''Dryopteris × slossoniae'' (N) *''Dryopteris × triploidea'' (N) *''Dryopteris × uliginosa'' (N) *''Duchesnea indica'' (I) *Dulichium arundinaceum, ''Dulichium arundinaceum'' var. ''arundinaceum'' (N) *''Dyssodia papposa'' (N)

E

*''Echinacea purpurea'' (N) *''Echinochloa crus-galli'' (I) *''Echinochloa frumentacea'' (I) *Echinochloa muricata, ''Echinochloa muricata'' var. ''microstachya'' (N) *Echinochloa muricata, ''Echinochloa muricata'' var. ''muricata'' (N) *''Echinochloa walteri'' (N) *''Echinocystis lobata'' (N) *''Echinodorus berteroi'' (N) *''Echium vulgare'' (I) *''Eclipta prostrata'' (N) *''Egeria densa'' (I) *''Elaeagnus angustifolia'' (I) *''Elaeagnus multiflora'' (I) *Elaeagnus umbellata, ''Elaeagnus umbellata'' var. ''parvifolia'' (I) *''Elatine brachysperma'' (N) *Eleocharis acicularis, ''Eleocharis acicularis'' var. ''acicularis'' (N) *Eleocharis compressa, ''Eleocharis compressa'' var. ''compressa'' (N) *''Eleocharis elliptica'' (N) *''Eleocharis engelmannii'' (N) *''Eleocharis erythropoda'' (N) *''Eleocharis geniculata'' (N) *''Eleocharis intermedia'' (N) *''Eleocharis obtusa'' (N) *Eleocharis olivacea, ''Eleocharis olivacea'' var. ''olivacea'' (N) *''Eleocharis ovata'' (N) *Eleocharis palustris, ''Eleocharis palustris'' var. ''palustris'' (N) *''Eleocharis parvula'' (N) *''Eleocharis quadrangulata'' (N) *''Eleocharis quinqueflora'' (N) *''Eleocharis rostellata'' (N) *Eleocharis tenuis, ''Eleocharis tenuis'' var. ''tenuis'' (N) *Eleocharis tenuis, ''Eleocharis tenuis'' var. ''verrucosa'' (N) *''Eleocharis wolfii'' (N) *''Elephantopus Elephantopus carolinianus, carolinianus'' (N) *''Eleusine indica'' (I) *''Ellisia nyctelea'' (N) *''Elodea canadensis'' (N) *''Elodea nuttallii'' (N) *''Elymus canadensis'' (N) *Elymus hystrix, ''Elymus hystrix'' var. ''bigeloviana'' (N) *Elymus hystrix, ''Elymus hystrix'' var. ''hystrix'' (N) *''Elymus repens'' (I) *''Elymus riparius'' (N) *''Elymus submuticus'' (N) *Elymus trachycaulus, ''Elymus trachycaulus'' ssp. ''subsecundus'' (N) *Elymus trachycaulus, ''Elymus trachycaulus'' ssp. ''trachycaulus'' (N) *''Elymus villosus'' (N) *Elymus virginicus, ''Elymus virginicus'' var. ''virginicus'' (N) *''Enemion biternatum'' (N) *''Epifagus virginiana'' (N) *''Epigaea repens'' (N) *Epilobium ciliatum, ''Epilobium ciliatum'' ssp. ''ciliatum'' (N) *Epilobium ciliatum, ''Epilobium ciliatum'' ssp. ''glandulosum'' (N) *''Epilobium coloratum'' (N) *''Epilobium hirsutum'' (I) *''Epilobium leptophyllum'' (N) *''Epilobium parviflorum'' (I) *''Epilobium strictum'' (N) *''Epilobium × wisconsinense'' (N) *''Epipactis helleborine'' (I) *''Equisetum arvense'' (N) *''Equisetum × ferrissii'' (N) *''Equisetum fluviatile'' (N) *Equisetum hyemale, ''Equisetum hyemale'' var. ''affine'' (N) *''Equisetum laevigatum'' (N) *''Equisetum × mackaii'' (N) *''Equisetum × nelsonii'' (N) *''Equisetum sylvaticum'' (N) *Equisetum variegatum, ''Equisetum variegatum'' var. ''variegatum'' (N) *''Eragrostis capillaris'' (N) *''Eragrostis cilianensis'' (I) *''Eragrostis curvula'' (I) *''Eragrostis frankii'' (N) *''Eragrostis hirsuta'' (N) *''Eragrostis hypnoides'' (N) *''Eragrostis minor'' (I) *Eragrostis pectinacea, ''Eragrostis pectinacea'' var. ''miserrima'' (N) *Eragrostis pectinacea, ''Eragrostis pectinacea'' var. ''pectinacea'' (N) *''Eragrostis pilosa'' (N) *''Eragrostis spectabilis'' (N) *''Eragrostis trichodes'' (N) *''Eranthis hyemalis'' (I) *Erechtites hieraciifolia, ''Erechtites hieraciifolia'' var. ''hieraciifolia'' (N) *''Erica tetralix'' (I) *''Erigenia bulbosa'' (N) *''Erigeron annuus'' (N) *Erigeron philadelphicus, ''Erigeron philadelphicus'' var. ''philadelphicus'' (N) *Erigeron pulchellus, ''Erigeron pulchellus'' var. ''brauniae'' (N) *Erigeron pulchellus, ''Erigeron pulchellus'' var. ''pulchellus'' (N) *Erigeron strigosus, ''Erigeron strigosus'' var. ''strigosus'' (N) *''Eriocaulon aquaticum'' (N) *''Eriochloa contracta'' (N) *Eriophorum gracile, ''Eriophorum gracile'' var. ''gracile'' (N) *''Eriophorum virginicum'' (N) *''Eriophorum viridicarinatum'' (N) *Erodium cicutarium, ''Erodium cicutarium'' ssp. ''cicutarium'' (I) *''Erucastrum gallicum'' (I) *Eryngium yuccifolium, ''Eryngium yuccifolium'' var. ''yuccifolium'' (N) *Erysimum capitatum, ''Erysimum capitatum'' var. ''capitatum'' (N) *''Erysimum cheiranthoides'' (I) *Erysimum inconspicuum, ''Erysimum inconspicuum'' var. ''inconspicuum'' (N) *''Erysimum repandum'' (I) *''Erythronium albidum'' (N) *Erythronium americanum, ''Erythronium americanum'' ssp. ''americanum'' (N) *''Erythronium rostratum'' (N) *Eschscholzia californica, ''Eschscholzia californica'' ssp. ''californica'' (N) *''Eubotrys recurva'' (N) *Euonymus alatus, ''Euonymus alatus'' var. ''alatus'' (I) *''Euonymus americanus'' (N) *Euonymus atropurpureus, ''Euonymus atropurpureus'' var. ''atropurpureus'' (N) *''Euonymus europaeus'' (I) *Euonymus fortunei, ''Euonymus fortunei'' var. ''radicans'' (I) *''Euonymus obovatus'' (N) *''Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus'' (N) *Eupatoriadelphus maculatus, ''Eupatoriadelphus maculatus'' var. ''maculatus'' (N) *Eupatorium album, ''Eupatorium album'' var. ''album'' (N) *''Eupatorium altissimum'' (N) *''Eupatorium godfreyanum'' (N) (a hybrid of ''Eupatorium rotundifolium'' and ''Eupatorium sessilifolium'') *Eupatorium hyssopifolium, ''Eupatorium hyssopifolium'' var. ''laciniatum'' (N) *Eupatorium perfoliatum, ''Eupatorium perfoliatum'' var. ''perfoliatum'' (N) *Eupatorium purpureum, ''Eupatorium purpureum'' var. ''purpureum'' (N) *Eupatorium rotundifolium, ''Eupatorium rotundifolium'' var. ''ovatum'' (N) *Eupatorium rotundifolium, ''Eupatorium rotundifolium'' var. ''rotundifolium'' (N) *''Eupatorium serotinum'' (N) *Eupatorium sessilifolium, ''Eupatorium sessilifolium'' var. ''sessilifolium'' (N) *''Euphorbia commutata'' (N) *''Euphorbia corollata'' (N) *''Euphorbia cyathophora'' (N) *''Euphorbia cyparissias'' (I) *''Euphorbia davidii'' (I) *''Euphorbia dentata'' (I) *Euphorbia dentata, ''Euphorbia dentata'' var. ''dentata'' (N) *Euphorbia esula, ''Euphorbia esula'' var. ''esula'' (I) *''Euphorbia falcata'' (I) *''Euphorbia helioscopia'' (I) *''Euphorbia lathyris'' (I) *''Euphorbia marginata'' (N) *''Euphorbia peplus'' (I) *''Euphorbia platyphyllos'' (I) *''Euphorbia purpurea'' (N) *''Euphorbia spathulata'' (N) *''Eurybia divaricata'' (N) *''Eurybia macrophylla'' (N) *''Eurybia schreberi'' (N) *''Eurybia surculosa'' (N) *Euthamia graminifolia, ''Euthamia graminifolia'' var. ''graminifolia'' (N) *''Euthamia gymnospermoides'' (N)

F

*''Fagopyrum esculentum'' (I) *''Fagus grandifolia'' (N) *''Fagus sylvatica'' (I) *''Fatoua villosa'' (I) *''Festuca brevipila'' (I) *''Festuca filiformis'' (I) *''Festuca rubra'' (I) *Festuca rubra, ''Festuca rubra'' ssp. ''rubra'' (N) *''Festuca subverticillata'' (N) *''Filago vulgaris'' (I) *''Filipendula rubra'' (N) *Filipendula ulmaria, ''Filipendula ulmaria'' ssp. ''ulmaria'' (I) *''Fimbristylis autumnalis'' (N) *''Fleischmannia incarnata'' (N) *''Floerkea proserpinacoides'' (N) *''Foeniculum vulgare'' (I) *Fontanesia phillyreoides, ''Fontanesia phillyreoides'' ssp. ''fortunei'' (I) *''Forsythia × intermedia'' (I) *''Forsythia suspensa'' (I) *Fragaria vesca, ''Fragaria vesca'' ssp. ''americana'' (N) *Fragaria vesca, ''Fragaria vesca'' ssp. ''vesca'' (N) *Fragaria virginiana, ''Fragaria virginiana'' ssp. ''grayana'' (N) *Fragaria virginiana, ''Fragaria virginiana'' ssp. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Frangula alnus'' (I) *''Frangula alnus'' (N) *''Frangula caroliniana'' (N) *''Frasera caroliniensis'' (N) *''Fraxinus americana'' (N) *''Fraxinus excelsior'' (I) *''Fraxinus nigra'' (N) *''Fraxinus pennsylvanica'' (N) *''Fraxinus profunda'' (N) *''Fraxinus quadrangulata'' (N) *Froelichia floridana, ''Froelichia floridana'' var. ''campestris'' (N) *''Froelichia gracilis'' (N) *Fumaria officinalis, ''Fumaria officinalis'' ssp. ''officinalis'' (I)

G

*Gaillardia pulchella, ''Gaillardia pulchella'' var. ''pulchella'' (N) *''Galactia volubilis'' (N) *''Galanthus elwesii'' (I) *''Galanthus nivalis'' (I) *''Galax urceolata'' (N) *''Galearis spectabilis'' (N) *''Galeopsis bifida'' (I) *Galeopsis ladanum, ''Galeopsis ladanum'' var. ''ladanum'' (I) *Galeopsis tetrahit, ''Galeopsis tetrahit'' var. ''tetrahit'' (I) *''Galinsoga parviflora'' (I) *''Galinsoga quadriradiata'' (I) *''Galium aparine'' (N) *''Galium asprellum'' (N) *''Galium boreale'' (N) *Galium circaezans, ''Galium circaezans'' var. ''hypomalacum'' (N) *''Galium concinnum'' (N) *''Galium labradoricum'' (N) *''Galium lanceolatum'' (N) *''Galium mollugo'' (I) *Galium obtusum, ''Galium obtusum'' ssp. ''obtusum'' (N) *''Galium odoratum'' (I) *''Galium palustre'' (N) *Galium pilosum, ''Galium pilosum'' var. ''pilosum'' (N) *''Galium tinctorium'' (N) *Galium trifidum, ''Galium trifidum'' ssp. ''trifidum'' (N) *''Galium triflorum'' (N) *Galium verum, ''Galium verum'' var. ''verum'' (I) *''Gamochaeta purpurea'' (N) *''Gaultheria hispidula'' (N) *''Gaultheria procumbens'' (N) *''Gaura biennis'' (N) *''Gaura longiflora'' (N) *''Gaura mollis'' (N) *''Gaylussacia baccata'' (N) *''Genista tinctoria'' (I) *''Gentiana alba'' (N) *Gentiana andrewsii, ''Gentiana andrewsii'' var. ''andrewsii'' (N) *''Gentiana × billingtonii'' (N) *''Gentiana clausa'' (N) *''Gentiana puberulenta'' (N) *Gentiana saponaria, ''Gentiana saponaria'' var. ''saponaria'' (N) *''Gentiana villosa'' (N) *Gentianella quinquefolia, ''Gentianella quinquefolia'' ssp. ''occidentalis'' (N) *''Gentianopsis crinita'' (N) *Gentianopsis virgata, ''Gentianopsis virgata'' ssp. ''victorinii'' (N) *Gentianopsis virgata, ''Gentianopsis virgata'' ssp. ''virgata'' (N) *''Geranium bicknellii'' (N) *Geranium carolinianum, ''Geranium carolinianum'' var. ''carolinianum'' (N) *''Geranium columbinum'' (I) *''Geranium dissectum'' (I) *''Geranium maculatum'' (N) *''Geranium molle'' (I) *''Geranium pusillum'' (I) *''Geranium robertianum'' (I) *Geranium robertianum, ''Geranium robertianum'' ssp. ''robertianum'' (N) *''Geranium sanguineum'' (I) *''Geum aleppicum'' (N) *Geum canadense, ''Geum canadense'' var. ''canadense'' (N) *Geum laciniatum, ''Geum laciniatum'' var. ''laciniatum'' (N) *''Geum rivale'' (N) *''Geum urbanum'' (I) *''Geum vernum'' (N) *''Geum virginianum'' (N) *Gilia capitata, ''Gilia capitata'' ssp. ''capitata'' (N) *''Gillenia stipulata'' (N) *''Gillenia trifoliata'' (N) *''Gladiolus × gandavensis'' (I) *''Glandularia canadensis'' (N) *''Glandularia × hybrida'' (I) *''Glebionis segetum'' (I) *''Glechoma hederacea'' (I) *''Gleditsia triacanthos'' (N) *''Glyceria acutiflora'' (N) *''Glyceria borealis'' (N) *''Glyceria canadensis'' (N) *Glyceria grandis, ''Glyceria grandis'' var. ''grandis'' (N) *''Glyceria melicaria'' (N) *''Glyceria septentrionalis'' (N) *''Glyceria striata'' (N) *''Glycine max'' (I) *''Gnaphalium uliginosum'' (I) *''Gomphrena globosa'' (I) *''Goodyera pubescens'' (N) *''Goodyera repens'' (N) *''Goodyera tesselata'' (N) *''Gratiola neglecta'' (N) *Gratiola virginiana, ''Gratiola virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Gratiola viscidula'' (N) *Grindelia lanceolata, ''Grindelia lanceolata'' var. ''lanceolata'' (N) *Grindelia squarrosa, ''Grindelia squarrosa'' var. ''serrulata'' (N) *Grindelia squarrosa, ''Grindelia squarrosa'' var. ''squarrosa'' (N) *''Guizotia abyssinica'' (I) *Gutierrezia texana, ''Gutierrezia texana'' var. ''texana'' (N) *''Gymnocarpium appalachianum'' (N) *''Gymnocarpium × brittonianum'' (N) *''Gymnocarpium dryopteris'' (N) *''Gymnocladus dioicus'' (N) *''Gymnopogon ambiguus'' (N) *''Gypsophila paniculata'' (I) *''Gypsophila scorzonerifolia'' (I)

H

*Hackelia deflexa, ''Hackelia deflexa'' var. ''americana'' (N) *''Hackelia virginiana'' (N) *Halesia tetraptera, ''Halesia tetraptera'' var. ''tetraptera'' (N) *''Hamamelis virginiana'' (N) *''Hasteola suaveolens'' (N) *''Hedeoma hispida'' (N) *''Hedeoma pulegioides'' (N) *''Hedera helix'' (I) *Helenium amarum, ''Helenium amarum'' var. ''amarum'' (N) *Helenium autumnale, ''Helenium autumnale'' var. ''autumnale'' (N) *''Helenium flexuosum'' (N) *''Helianthemum bicknellii'' (N) *''Helianthemum canadense'' (N) *''Helianthus × ambiguus'' (N) *''Helianthus angustifolius'' (N) *''Helianthus annuus'' (N) *''Helianthus × brevifolius'' (N) *''Helianthus × cinereus'' (N) *''Helianthus decapetalus'' (N) *''Helianthus divaricatus'' (N) *''Helianthus × divariserratus'' (N) *''Helianthus × doronicoides'' (N) *''Helianthus giganteus'' (N) *''Helianthus × glaucus'' (N) *''Helianthus grosseserratus'' (N) *''Helianthus hirsutus'' (N) *''Helianthus × intermedius'' (N) *''Helianthus × kellermanii'' (N) *''Helianthus × laetiflorus'' (N) *''Helianthus × luxurians'' (N) *''Helianthus maximiliani'' (N) *''Helianthus microcephalus'' (N) *''Helianthus mollis'' (N) *''Helianthus × multiflorus'' (N) *Helianthus occidentalis, ''Helianthus occidentalis'' ssp. ''occidentalis'' (N) *Helianthus petiolaris, ''Helianthus petiolaris'' ssp. ''petiolaris'' (N) *''Helianthus salicifolius'' (N) *''Helianthus strumosus'' (N) *''Helianthus tuberosus'' (N) *Heliopsis helianthoides, ''Heliopsis helianthoides'' var. ''helianthoides'' (N) *Heliopsis helianthoides, ''Heliopsis helianthoides'' var. ''occidentalis'' (N) *''Heliotropium europaeum'' (I) *''Heliotropium indicum'' (I) *''Helleborus viridis'' (I) *''Hemerocallis fulva'' (I) *''Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus'' (I) *Hepatica nobilis, ''Hepatica nobilis'' var. ''acuta'' (N) *Hepatica nobilis, ''Hepatica nobilis'' var. ''obtusa'' (N) *''Heracleum maximum'' (N) *''Hesperis matronalis'' (I) *''Hesperostipa spartea'' (N) *''Heteranthera dubia'' (N) *''Heteranthera reniformis'' (N) *Heterotheca camporum, ''Heterotheca camporum'' var. ''camporum'' (N) *Heuchera americana, ''Heuchera americana'' var. ''americana'' (N) *Heuchera americana, ''Heuchera americana'' var. ''hirsuticaulis'' (N) *Heuchera americana, ''Heuchera americana'' var. ''hispida'' (N) *''Heuchera longiflora'' (N) *Heuchera parviflora, ''Heuchera parviflora'' var. ''parviflora'' (N) *Heuchera villosa, ''Heuchera villosa'' var. ''villosa'' (N) *Hexalectris spicata, ''Hexalectris spicata'' var. ''spicata'' (N) *''Hibiscus laevis'' (N) *''Hibiscus moscheutos'' (N) *''Hibiscus syriacus'' (I) *''Hibiscus trionum'' (I) *''Hieracium aurantiacum'' (I) *''Hieracium caespitosum'' (I) *Hieracium × flagellare, ''Hieracium × flagellare'' var. ''flagellare'' (I) *''Hieracium × floribundum'' (I) *''Hieracium greenii'' (N) *''Hieracium gronovii'' (N) *Hieracium kalmii, ''Hieracium kalmii'' var. ''fasciculatum'' (N) *Hieracium kalmii, ''Hieracium kalmii'' var. ''kalmii'' (N) *''Hieracium longipilum'' (N) *''Hieracium paniculatum'' (N) *Hieracium pilosella, ''Hieracium pilosella'' var. ''pilosella'' (I) *''Hieracium piloselloides'' (I) *Hieracium scabrum, ''Hieracium scabrum'' var. ''scabrum'' (N) *''Hieracium venosum'' (N) *Hierochloe hirta, ''Hierochloe hirta'' ssp. ''arctica'' (N) *''Holcus lanatus'' (I) *''Holosteum umbellatum'' (I) *Hordeum brachyantherum, ''Hordeum brachyantherum'' ssp. ''brachyantherum'' (N) *Hordeum jubatum, ''Hordeum jubatum'' ssp. ''jubatum'' (N) *Hordeum marinum, ''Hordeum marinum'' ssp. ''gussonianum'' (I) *''Hordeum pusillum'' (N) *''Hordeum vulgare'' (I) *''Hosta lancifolia'' (I) *''Hosta ventricosa'' (I) *''Hottonia inflata'' (N) *''Houstonia caerulea'' (N) *''Houstonia canadensis'' (N) *''Houstonia longifolia'' (N) *Houstonia purpurea, ''Houstonia purpurea'' var. ''calycosa'' (N) *Houstonia purpurea, ''Houstonia purpurea'' var. ''purpurea'' (N) *Hudsonia tomentosa, ''Hudsonia tomentosa'' var. ''tomentosa'' (N) *''Humulus japonicus'' (I) *Humulus lupulus, ''Humulus lupulus'' var. ''lupuloides'' (N) *Humulus lupulus, ''Humulus lupulus'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *Humulus lupulus, ''Humulus lupulus'' var. ''lupulus'' (I) *''Huperzia × bartleyi'' (N) *''Huperzia × buttersii'' (N) *''Huperzia lucidula'' (N) *''Huperzia porophila'' (N) *''Hyacinthoides non-scripta'' (I) *''Hybanthus concolor'' (N) *''Hydrangea arborescens'' (N) *''Hydrastis canadensis'' (N) *''Hydrocotyle americana'' (N) *''Hydrocotyle ranunculoides'' (N) *''Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides'' (I) *''Hydrocotyle umbellata'' (N) *''Hydrophyllum appendiculatum'' (N) *''Hydrophyllum canadense'' (N) *''Hydrophyllum macrophyllum'' (N) *Hydrophyllum virginianum, ''Hydrophyllum virginianum'' var. ''virginianum'' (N) *''Hylotelephium telephioides'' (N) *Hylotelephium telephium, ''Hylotelephium telephium'' ssp. ''telephium'' (I) *''Hypericum ascyron'' (N) *''Hypericum boreale'' (N) *''Hypericum canadense'' (N) *''Hypericum drummondii'' (N) *''Hypericum ellipticum'' (N) *''Hypericum gentianoides'' (N) *''Hypericum gymnanthum'' (N) *Hypericum hypericoides, ''Hypericum hypericoides'' ssp. ''multicaule'' (N) *''Hypericum kalmianum'' (N) *''Hypericum majus'' (N) *''Hypericum mutilum'' (N) *''Hypericum perforatum'' (I) *''Hypericum prolificum'' (N) *''Hypericum punctatum'' (N) *''Hypericum sphaerocarpum'' (N) *''Hypericum virgatum'' (N) *''Hypochaeris glabra'' (I) *''Hypochaeris radicata'' (I) *''Hypoxis hirsuta'' (N)

I

*''Iberis umbellata'' (I) *''Ilex crenata'' (I) *''Ilex mucronata'' (N) *Ilex opaca, ''Ilex opaca'' var. ''opaca'' (N) *''Ilex verticillata'' (N) *''Impatiens balsamina'' (I) *''Impatiens capensis'' (N) *''Impatiens pallida'' (N) *''Inula helenium'' (I) *''Iodanthus pinnatifidus'' (N) *''Ionactis linariifolius'' (N) *''Ipomoea coccinea'' (I) *''Ipomoea hederacea'' (I) *''Ipomoea lacunosa'' (N) *''Ipomoea pandurata'' (N) *''Ipomoea purpurea'' (I) *''Ipomopsis rubra'' (N) *''Iris brevicaulis'' (N) *''Iris cristata'' (N) *''Iris fulva'' (N) *''Iris germanica'' (I) *''Iris pseudacorus'' (I) *Iris verna, ''Iris verna'' var. ''smalliana'' (N) *''Iris versicolor'' (N) *Iris virginica, ''Iris virginica'' var. ''shrevei'' (N) *''Isoetes appalachiana'' (N) *''Isoetes engelmannii'' (N) *''Isoetes tenella'' (N) *''Isotria medeoloides'' (N) *''Isotria verticillata'' (N) *Iva annua, ''Iva annua'' var. ''annua'' (N)

J

*''Jacquemontia tamnifolia'' (N) *''Jeffersonia diphylla'' (N) *''Juglans cinerea'' (N) *''Juglans nigra'' (N) *''Juncus acuminatus'' (N) *Juncus alpinoarticulatus, ''Juncus alpinoarticulatus'' ssp. ''nodulosus'' (N) *''Juncus anthelatus'' (N) *Juncus arcticus, ''Juncus arcticus'' ssp. ''littoralis'' (N) *''Juncus articulatus'' (N) *''Juncus biflorus'' (N) *''Juncus brachycarpus'' (N) *''Juncus brachycephalus'' (N) *Juncus bufonius, ''Juncus bufonius'' var. ''bufonius'' (N) *''Juncus canadensis'' (N) *''Juncus compressus'' (I) *''Juncus dichotomus'' (N) *''Juncus diffusissimus'' (N) *''Juncus dudleyi'' (N) *Juncus effusus, ''Juncus effusus'' var. ''decipiens'' (N) *Juncus effusus, ''Juncus effusus'' var. ''pylaei'' (N) *Juncus effusus, ''Juncus effusus'' var. ''solutus'' (N) *Juncus gerardii, ''Juncus gerardii'' var. ''gerardii'' (N) *''Juncus greenei'' (N) *Juncus interior, ''Juncus interior'' var. ''interior'' (N) *''Juncus marginatus'' (N) *Juncus nodosus, ''Juncus nodosus'' var. ''nodosus'' (N) *''Juncus secundus'' (N) *''Juncus × stuckeyi'' (N) *Juncus subcaudatus, ''Juncus subcaudatus'' var. ''subcaudatus'' (N) *''Juncus tenuis'' (N) *''Juncus torreyi'' (N) *Juniperus communis, ''Juniperus communis'' var. ''depressa'' (N) *Juniperus virginiana, ''Juniperus virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Justicia americana'' (N)

K

*''Kalmia latifolia'' (N) *''Kerria japonica'' (I) *''Kickxia elatine'' (I) *''Kickxia spuria'' (I) *''Koeleria macrantha'' (N) *''Koelreuteria paniculata'' (I) *Krigia biflora, ''Krigia biflora'' var. ''biflora'' (N) *''Krigia dandelion'' (N) *''Krigia virginica'' (N) *''Kummerowia stipulacea'' (I) *''Kummerowia striata'' (I) *''Kyllinga pumila'' (N)

L

*''Lablab purpureus'' (I) *''Lactuca biennis'' (N) *''Lactuca canadensis'' (N) *Lactuca floridana, ''Lactuca floridana'' var. ''floridana'' (N) *Lactuca floridana, ''Lactuca floridana'' var. ''villosa'' (N) *Lactuca hirsuta, ''Lactuca hirsuta'' var. ''sanguinea'' (N) *''Lactuca × morssii'' (N) *''Lactuca saligna'' (I) *''Lactuca sativa'' (I) *''Lactuca serriola'' (I) *Lactuca tatarica, ''Lactuca tatarica'' var. ''pulchella'' (N) *''Lamium album'' (I) *''Lamium amplexicaule'' (I) *''Lamium maculatum'' (I) *Lamium purpureum, ''Lamium purpureum'' var. ''purpureum'' (I) *''Laportea canadensis'' (N) *''Lappula squarrosa'' (I) *''Lapsana communis'' (I) *''Larix laricina'' (N) *Lathyrus japonicus, ''Lathyrus japonicus'' var. ''maritimus'' (N) *Lathyrus japonicus, ''Lathyrus japonicus'' var. ''parviflorus'' (N) *''Lathyrus latifolius'' (I) *''Lathyrus ochroleucus'' (N) *''Lathyrus odoratus'' (I) *''Lathyrus palustris'' (N) *''Lathyrus pratensis'' (I) *''Lathyrus tuberosus'' (I) *''Lathyrus venosus'' (N) *''Leavenworthia uniflora'' (N) *Lechea intermedia, ''Lechea intermedia'' var. ''intermedia'' (N) *''Lechea minor'' (N) *''Lechea mucronata'' (N) *Lechea pulchella, ''Lechea pulchella'' var. ''moniliformis'' (N) *Lechea pulchella, ''Lechea pulchella'' var. ''pulchella'' (N) *''Lechea racemulosa'' (N) *''Lechea tenuifolia'' (N) *''Ledum groenlandicum'' (N) *''Leersia lenticularis'' (N) *''Leersia oryzoides'' (N) *''Leersia virginica'' (N) *''Lemna minor'' (N) *''Lemna minuta'' (N) *''Lemna obscura'' (N) *''Lemna perpusilla'' (N) *''Lemna trisulca'' (N) *''Lemna turionifera'' (N) *''Lemna valdiviana'' (N) *Leontodon autumnalis, ''Leontodon autumnalis'' ssp. ''autumnalis'' (I) *Leontodon autumnalis, ''Leontodon autumnalis'' ssp. ''pratensis'' (I) *Leontodon hispidus, ''Leontodon hispidus'' ssp. ''danubialis'' (I) *Leontodon taraxacoides, ''Leontodon taraxacoides'' ssp. ''taraxacoides'' (I) *Leonurus cardiaca, ''Leonurus cardiaca'' ssp. ''cardiaca'' (I) *''Leonurus sibiricus'' (I) *''Lepidium campestre'' (I) *Lepidium densiflorum, ''Lepidium densiflorum'' var. ''densiflorum'' (N) *''Lepidium perfoliatum'' (I) *Lepidium ramosissimum, ''Lepidium ramosissimum'' var. ''bourgeauanum'' (N) *''Lepidium ruderale'' (I) *''Lepidium sativum'' (I) *Lepidium virginicum, ''Lepidium virginicum'' var. ''virginicum'' (N) *Leptochloa fusca, ''Leptochloa fusca'' ssp. ''fascicularis'' (N) *Leptochloa panicea, ''Leptochloa panicea'' ssp. ''brachiata'' (N) *''Lespedeza × acuticarpa'' (N) *''Lespedeza bicolor'' (I) *''Lespedeza × brittonii'' (N) *''Lespedeza capitata'' (N) *''Lespedeza cuneata'' (I) *''Lespedeza formosa'' (I) *''Lespedeza frutescens'' (N) *Lespedeza hirta, ''Lespedeza hirta'' ssp. ''hirta'' (N) *''Lespedeza × nuttallii'' (N) *''Lespedeza procumbens'' (N) *''Lespedeza repens'' (N) *''Lespedeza thunbergii'' (I) *''Lespedeza violacea'' (N) *''Lespedeza virginica'' (N) *''Lesquerella globosa'' (N) *''Leucanthemum maximum'' (I) *''Leucanthemum vulgare'' (I) *Leucojum aestivum, ''Leucojum aestivum'' ssp. ''aestivum'' (I) *''Leucospora multifida'' (N) *''Levisticum officinale'' (I) *Liatris aspera, ''Liatris aspera'' var. ''aspera'' (N) *Liatris aspera, ''Liatris aspera'' var. ''intermedia'' (N) *''Liatris cylindracea'' (N) *Liatris punctata, ''Liatris punctata'' var. ''punctata'' (N) *Liatris pycnostachya, ''Liatris pycnostachya'' var. ''pycnostachya'' (N) *Liatris scariosa, ''Liatris scariosa'' var. ''nieuwlandii'' (N) *''Liatris spheroidea'' (N) *Liatris spicata, ''Liatris spicata'' var. ''spicata'' (N) *Liatris squarrosa, ''Liatris squarrosa'' var. ''squarrosa'' (N) *''Liatris squarrulosa'' (N) *''Ligusticum canadense'' (N) *''Ligustrum obtusifolium'' (I) *''Ligustrum ovalifolium'' (I) *''Ligustrum vulgare'' (I) *Lilium canadense, ''Lilium canadense'' ssp. ''canadense'' (N) *Lilium canadense, ''Lilium canadense'' ssp. ''editorum'' (N) *''Lilium lancifolium'' (I) *''Lilium michiganense'' (N) *Lilium philadelphicum, ''Lilium philadelphicum'' var. ''andinum'' (N) *Lilium philadelphicum, ''Lilium philadelphicum'' var. ''philadelphicum'' (N) *''Lilium superbum'' (N) *Linaria dalmatica, ''Linaria dalmatica'' ssp. ''dalmatica'' (I) *''Linaria genistifolia'' (I) *''Linaria vulgaris'' (I) *Lindera benzoin, ''Lindera benzoin'' var. ''benzoin'' (N) *Lindera benzoin, ''Lindera benzoin'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *Lindernia dubia, ''Lindernia dubia'' var. ''anagallidea'' (N) *Lindernia dubia, ''Lindernia dubia'' var. ''dubia'' (N) *Linnaea borealis, ''Linnaea borealis'' ssp. ''americana'' (N) *''Linum grandiflorum'' (I) *Linum medium, ''Linum medium'' var. ''texanum'' (N) *''Linum perenne'' (I) *''Linum perenne'' (N) *''Linum striatum'' (N) *Linum sulcatum, ''Linum sulcatum'' var. ''sulcatum'' (N) *''Linum usitatissimum'' (I) *''Linum virginianum'' (N) *''Liparis liliifolia'' (N) *''Liparis loeselii'' (N) *''Lipocarpha drummondii'' (N) *''Lipocarpha micrantha'' (N) *''Liquidambar styraciflua'' (N) *''Liriodendron tulipifera'' (N) *''Lithospermum canescens'' (N) *Lithospermum caroliniense, ''Lithospermum caroliniense'' var. ''croceum'' (N) *''Lithospermum latifolium'' (N) *''Lithospermum officinale'' (I) *''Lobelia cardinalis'' (N) *''Lobelia inflata'' (N) *''Lobelia kalmii'' (N) *Lobelia puberula, ''Lobelia puberula'' var. ''simulans'' (N) *Lobelia siphilitica, ''Lobelia siphilitica'' var. ''siphilitica'' (N) *Lobelia spicata, ''Lobelia spicata'' var. ''campanulata'' (N) *Lobelia spicata, ''Lobelia spicata'' var. ''leptostachys'' (N) *Lobelia spicata, ''Lobelia spicata'' var. ''spicata'' (N) *''Lobularia maritima'' (I) *''Lorinseria areolata'' (N) *Lolium perenne, ''Lolium perenne'' ssp. ''multiflorum'' (I) *Lolium perenne, ''Lolium perenne'' ssp. ''perenne'' (I) *Lolium temulentum, ''Lolium temulentum'' ssp. ''temulentum'' (I) *Lonicera × bella, ''Lonicera'' × ''bella'' (I) *''Lonicera canadensis'' (N) *''Lonicera dioica'' (N) *''Lonicera flava'' (N) *''Lonicera fragrantissima'' (I) *''Lonicera japonica'' (I) *''Lonicera × minutiflora'' (I) *''Lonicera morrowii'' (I) *''Lonicera maackii'' (I) *''Lonicera oblongifolia'' (N) *''Lonicera reticulata'' (N) *''Lonicera ruprechtiana'' (I) *''Lonicera × salicifolia'' (I) *''Lonicera sempervirens'' (N) *''Lonicera tatarica'' (I) *Lonicera villosa, ''Lonicera villosa'' var. ''tonsa'' (N) *''Lonicera × xylosteoides'' (I) *''Lonicera xylosteum'' (I) *Lotus corniculatus, ''Lotus corniculatus'' var. ''corniculatus'' (I) *''Lotus glaber'' (I) *''Ludwigia alternifolia'' (N) *''Ludwigia decurrens'' (N) *''Ludwigia leptocarpa'' (N) *''Ludwigia palustris'' (N) *''Ludwigia peploides'' (I) *Ludwigia peploides, ''Ludwigia peploides'' ssp. ''glabrescens'' (N) *''Ludwigia polycarpa'' (N) *''Lunaria annua'' (I) *Lupinus perennis, ''Lupinus perennis'' ssp. ''perennis'' var. ''occidentalis'' (N) *Lupinus perennis, ''Lupinus perennis'' ssp. ''perennis'' var. ''perennis'' (N) *Lupinus perennis, ''Lupinus perennis'' ssp. ''perennis'' (N) *Luzula acuminata, ''Luzula acuminata'' ssp. ''acuminata'' (N) *Luzula acuminata, ''Luzula acuminata'' ssp. ''carolinae'' (N) *''Luzula bulbosa'' (N) *''Luzula echinata'' (N) *Luzula multiflora, ''Luzula multiflora'' ssp. ''multiflora'' var. ''multiflora'' (N) *Luzula multiflora, ''Luzula multiflora'' ssp. ''multiflora'' (N) *''Lychnis coronaria'' (I) *''Lychnis flos-cuculi'' (I) *''Lychnis viscaria'' (I) *''Lycium barbarum'' (I) *''Lycium chinense'' (I) *''Lycopodiella inundata'' (N) *''Lycopodiella margueritiae'' (N) *''Lycopodiella subappressa'' (N) *''Lycopodium clavatum'' (N) *''Lycopodium dendroideum'' (N) *''Lycopodium digitatum'' (N) *''Lycopodium × habereri'' (N) *''Lycopodium hickeyi'' (N) *''Lycopodium lagopus'' (N) *''Lycopodium obscurum'' (N) *''Lycopodium tristachyum'' (N) *''Lycopus americanus'' (N) *''Lycopus asper'' (N) *''Lycopus europaeus'' (I) *''Lycopus rubellus'' (N) *''Lycopus × sherardii'' (N) *Lycopus uniflorus, ''Lycopus uniflorus'' var. ''uniflorus'' (N) *''Lycopus virginicus'' (N) *''Lycoris squamigera'' (I) *''Lygodium palmatum'' (N) *Lyonia ligustrina, ''Lyonia ligustrina'' var. ''ligustrina'' (N) *''Lysimachia ciliata'' (N) *''Lysimachia lanceolata'' (N) *''Lysimachia nummularia'' (I) *''Lysimachia × producta'' (N) *''Lysimachia punctata'' (I) *''Lysimachia quadriflora'' (N) *''Lysimachia quadrifolia'' (N) *''Lysimachia terrestris'' (N) *''Lysimachia thyrsiflora'' (N) *''Lysimachia vulgaris'' (I) *Lythrum alatum, ''Lythrum alatum'' var. ''alatum'' (N) *''Lythrum hyssopifolia'' (I) *''Lythrum portula'' (I) *''Lythrum salicaria'' (I)

M

*''Macleaya cordata'' (I) *''Maclura pomifera'' (N) *''Magnolia acuminata'' (N) *''Magnolia fraseri'' (N) *''Magnolia macrophylla'' (N) *''Magnolia × soulangeana'' (I) *''Magnolia stellata'' (I) *''Magnolia tripetala'' (N) *''Mahonia aquifolium'' (N) *''Maianthemum canadense'' (N) *Maianthemum racemosum, ''Maianthemum racemosum'' ssp. ''racemosum'' (N) *''Maianthemum stellatum'' (N) *''Maianthemum trifolium'' (N) *''Malaxis unifolia'' (N) *Malus angustifolia, ''Malus angustifolia'' var. ''angustifolia'' (N) *''Malus baccata'' (I) *''Malus coronaria'' (N) *''Malus floribunda'' (I) *Malus ioensis, ''Malus ioensis'' var. ''ioensis'' (N) *''Malus × platycarpa'' (N) *''Malus pumila'' (I) *''Malus toringo'' (I) *''Malus zumi'' (I) *''Malva alcea'' (I) *''Malva moschata'' (I) *''Malva neglecta'' (I) *''Malva pusilla'' (I) *''Malva sylvestris'' (I) *''Malva verticillata'' (I) *''Manfreda virginica'' (N) *''Marrubium vulgare'' (I) *''Marsilea quadrifolia'' (I) *''Marsilea quadrifolia'' (N) *''Matelea obliqua'' (N) *''Matricaria discoidea'' (I) *''Matricaria recutita'' (I) *''Matteuccia struthiopteris'' (N) *''Mazus pumilus'' (I) *''Medeola virginiana'' (N) *''Medicago lupulina'' (I) *''Medicago polymorpha'' (I) *Medicago sativa, ''Medicago sativa'' ssp. ''falcata'' (I) *Medicago sativa, ''Medicago sativa'' ssp. ''sativa'' (I) *''Meehania cordata'' (N) *Melampyrum lineare, ''Melampyrum lineare'' var. ''latifolium'' (N) *Melampyrum lineare, ''Melampyrum lineare'' var. ''lineare'' (N) *''Melica nitens'' (N) *''Melilotus altissimus'' (I) *''Melilotus officinalis'' (I) *''Melissa officinalis'' (I) *''Menispermum canadense'' (N) *''Mentha aquatica'' (I) *''Mentha arvensis'' (N) *''Mentha × gracilis'' (I) *''Mentha × piperita'' (N) *''Mentha × rotundifolia'' (I) *''Mentha spicata'' (I) *''Mentha suaveolens'' (I) *''Mentha × villosa'' (I) *''Menyanthes trifoliata'' (N) *''Mercurialis annua'' (I) *''Mertensia virginica'' (N) *''Microstegium vimineum'' (I) *''Microthlaspi perfoliatum'' (I) *''Mikania scandens'' (N) *Milium effusum, ''Milium effusum'' var. ''cisatlanticum'' (N) *''Mimulus alatus'' (N) *Mimulus ringens, ''Mimulus ringens'' var. ''ringens'' (N) *Minuartia michauxii, ''Minuartia michauxii'' var. ''michauxii'' (N) *''Minuartia patula'' (N) *''Mirabilis albida'' (N) *''Mirabilis hirsuta'' (N) *''Mirabilis jalapa'' (I) *''Mirabilis nyctaginea'' (N) *''Miscanthus sinensis'' (I) *''Misopates orontium'' (I) *''Mitchella repens'' (N) *''Mitella diphylla'' (N) *''Moehringia lateriflora'' (N) *''Moehringia trinervia'' (I) *''Mollugo verticillata'' (N) *''Monarda clinopodia'' (N) *''Monarda didyma'' (N) *Monarda fistulosa, ''Monarda fistulosa'' ssp. ''fistulosa'' var. ''fistulosa'' (N) *Monarda fistulosa, ''Monarda fistulosa'' ssp. ''fistulosa'' var. ''mollis'' (N) *Monarda fistulosa, ''Monarda fistulosa'' ssp. ''fistulosa'' (N) *''Monarda media'' (N) *Monarda punctata, ''Monarda punctata'' ssp. ''punctata'' var. ''villicaulis'' (N) *Monarda punctata, ''Monarda punctata'' ssp. ''punctata'' (N) *''Moneses uniflora'' (N) *''Monolepis nuttalliana'' (N) *''Monotropa hypopithys'' (N) *''Monotropa uniflora'' (N) *''Morella pensylvanica'' (N) *''Morus alba'' (I) *''Morus nigra'' (I) *Morus rubra, ''Morus rubra'' var. ''rubra'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia asperifolia'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia capillaris'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia × curtisetosa'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia cuspidata'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia frondosa'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia glomerata'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia mexicana'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia schreberi'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia sobolifera'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia sylvatica'' (N) *''Muhlenbergia tenuiflora'' (N) *''Muscari armeniacum'' (I) *''Muscari botryoides'' (I) *''Leopoldia comosa, Muscari comosum'' (I) *''Muscari neglectum'' (I) *''Myagrum perfoliatum'' (I) *''Myosotis arvensis'' (I) *''Myosotis discolor'' (I) *''Myosotis laxa'' (N) *''Myosotis macrosperma'' (N) *''Myosotis scorpioides'' (I) *''Myosotis stricta'' (I) *''Myosotis sylvatica'' (I) *''Myosotis verna'' (N) *''Myosoton aquaticum'' (I) *''Myosurus minimus'' (N) *''Myriophyllum aquaticum'' (I) *''Myriophyllum heterophyllum'' (N) *''Myriophyllum humile'' (N) *''Myriophyllum pinnatum'' (N) *''Myriophyllum sibiricum'' (N) *''Myriophyllum spicatum'' (I) *''Myriophyllum verticillatum'' (N)

N

*''Najas flexilis'' (N) *''Najas gracillima'' (N) *Najas guadalupensis, ''Najas guadalupensis'' ssp. ''guadalupensis'' (N) *''Najas marina'' (N) *''Najas minor'' (I) *''Napaea dioica'' (N) *''Narcissus × incomparabilis'' (I) *''Narcissus jonquilla'' (I) *''Narcissus × medioluteus'' (I) *''Narcissus poeticus'' (I) *''Narcissus pseudonarcissus'' (I) *''Nasturtium officinale'' (I) *Navarretia intertexta, ''Navarretia intertexta'' ssp. ''propinqua'' (N) *''Nelumbo lutea'' (N) *''Nelumbo nucifera'' (I) *''Neobeckia aquatica'' (N) *Neottia cordata, ''Neottia cordata'' var. ''cordata'' (N) *''Nepeta cataria'' (I) *''Neslia paniculata'' (I) *''Nicandra physalodes'' (I) *''Nicotiana alata'' (I) *''Nicotiana glauca'' (I) *''Nicotiana rustica'' (I) *''Nicotiana tabacum'' (I) *''Nigella damascena'' (I) *''Nothoscordum bivalve'' (N) *Nuphar lutea, ''Nuphar lutea'' ssp. ''advena'' (N) *Nuphar lutea, ''Nuphar lutea'' ssp. ''variegata'' (N) *''Nuttallanthus canadensis'' (N) *Nymphaea odorata, ''Nymphaea odorata'' ssp. ''odorata'' (N) *Nymphaea odorata, ''Nymphaea odorata'' ssp. ''tuberosa'' (N) *''Nymphoides peltata'' (I) *''Nyssa sylvatica'' (N)

O

*''Obolaria virginica'' (N) *''Oclemena acuminata'' (N) *''Oenanthe aquatica'' (I) *''Oenothera biennis'' (N) *''Oenothera clelandii'' (N) *Oenothera fruticosa, ''Oenothera fruticosa'' ssp. ''fruticosa'' (N) *Oenothera fruticosa, ''Oenothera fruticosa'' ssp. ''glauca'' (N) *''Oenothera laciniata'' (N) *''Oenothera nutans'' (N) *''Oenothera oakesiana'' (N) *''Oenothera parviflora'' (N) *''Oenothera perennis'' (N) *Oenothera pilosella, ''Oenothera pilosella'' ssp. ''pilosella'' (N) *''Oenothera speciosa'' (N) *''Oenothera triloba'' (N) *Oenothera villosa, ''Oenothera villosa'' ssp. ''villosa'' (N) *''Oligoneuron album'' (N) *''Oligoneuron ohioense'' (N) *''Oligoneuron riddellii'' (N) *Oligoneuron rigidum, ''Oligoneuron rigidum'' var. ''glabratum'' (N) *Oligoneuron rigidum, ''Oligoneuron rigidum'' var. ''rigidum'' (N) *''Onoclea sensibilis'' (N) *''Onopordum acanthium'' (I) *Onosmodium bejariense, ''Onosmodium bejariense'' var. ''hispidissimum'' (N) *''Ophioglossum engelmannii'' (N) *''Ophioglossum pusillum'' (N) *''Ophioglossum vulgatum'' (N) *''Opuntia humifusa'' (N) *Opuntia macrorhiza, ''Opuntia macrorhiza'' var. ''macrorhiza'' (N) *''Orbexilum onobrychis'' (N) *Orbexilum pedunculatum, ''Orbexilum pedunculatum'' var. ''pedunculatum'' (N) *''Origanum vulgare'' (I) *''Ornithogalum nutans'' (I) *''Ornithogalum umbellatum'' (I) *Orobanche ludoviciana, ''Orobanche ludoviciana'' ssp. ''ludoviciana'' (N) *''Orobanche uniflora'' (N) *''Orthilia secunda'' (N) *''Oryzopsis asperifolia'' (N) *''Osmorhiza claytonii'' (N) *''Osmorhiza longistylis'' (N) *Osmundastrum cinnamomeum, ''Osmunda cinnamomea'' var. ''cinnamomea'' (N) *''Osmunda claytoniana'' (N) *Osmunda spectabilis, ''Osmunda regalis'' var. ''spectabilis'' (N) *Ostrya virginiana, ''Ostrya virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Oxalis corniculata'' (N) *''Oxalis dillenii'' (N) *''Oxalis grandis'' (N) *''Oxalis montana'' (N) *''Oxalis stricta'' (N) *''Oxalis violacea'' (N) *''Oxydendrum arboreum'' (N) *''Oxypolis rigidior'' (N)

P

*''Pachysandra terminalis'' (I) *''Packera anonyma'' (N) *''Packera aurea'' (N) *''Packera glabella'' (N) *''Packera obovata'' (N) *''Packera paupercula'' (N) *''Packera plattensis'' (N) *''Panax quinquefolius'' (N) *''Panax trifolius'' (N) *''Panicum anceps'' (N) *''Panicum capillare'' (N) *Panicum dichotomiflorum, ''Panicum dichotomiflorum'' var. ''dichotomiflorum'' (N) *''Panicum flexile'' (N) *''Panicum gattingeri'' (N) *Panicum miliaceum, ''Panicum miliaceum'' ssp. ''miliaceum'' (I) *''Panicum philadelphicum'' (N) *Panicum rigidulum, ''Panicum rigidulum'' var. ''elongatum'' (N) *Panicum rigidulum, ''Panicum rigidulum'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *Panicum rigidulum, ''Panicum rigidulum'' var. ''rigidulum'' (N) *''Panicum verrucosum'' (N) *Panicum virgatum, ''Panicum virgatum'' var. ''virgatum'' (N) *''Papaver argemone'' (I) *''Papaver dubium'' (I) *''Papaver rhoeas'' (I) *''Papaver somniferum'' (I) *''Parietaria pensylvanica'' (N) *''Parnassia glauca'' (N) *''Paronychia canadensis'' (N) *Paronychia fastigiata, ''Paronychia fastigiata'' var. ''fastigiata'' (N) *''Parthenium hysterophorus'' (I) *Parthenium integrifolium, ''Parthenium integrifolium'' var. ''integrifolium'' (N) *''Parthenocissus quinquefolia'' (N) *''Parthenocissus tricuspidata'' (I) *''Parthenocissus vitacea'' (N) *''Pascopyrum, Pascopyrum smithii'' (N) *''Paspalum floridanum'' (N) *''Paspalum fluitans'' (N) *''Paspalum laeve'' (N) *''Paspalum pubiflorum'' (N) *''Paspalum setaceum'' (N) *''Passiflora incarnata'' (N) *''Passiflora lutea'' (N) *''Pastinaca sativa'' (I) *''Paulownia tomentosa'' (I) *''Paxistima canbyi'' (N) *Pedicularis canadensis, ''Pedicularis canadensis'' ssp. ''canadensis'' (N) *''Pedicularis lanceolata'' (N) *''Pellaea atropurpurea'' (N) *Pellaea glabella, ''Pellaea glabella'' ssp. ''glabella'' (N) *''Peltandra virginica'' (N) *''Pennisetum glaucum'' (I) *''Penstemon alluviorum'' (N) *''Penstemon calycosus'' (N) *''Penstemon canescens'' (N) *''Penstemon cobaea'' (N) *''Penstemon digitalis'' (N) *''Penstemon grandiflorus'' (N) *''Penstemon hirsutus'' (N) *''Penstemon laevigatus'' (N) *''Penstemon pallidus'' (N) *Penstemon tubiflorus, ''Penstemon tubiflorus'' var. ''tubiflorus'' (N) *''Penthorum sedoides'' (N) *''Perideridia americana'' (N) *Perilla frutescens, ''Perilla frutescens'' var. ''frutescens'' (I) *''Petasites hybridus'' (I) *''Petrorhagia prolifera'' (I) *''Petrorhagia saxifraga'' (I) *''Petroselinum crispum'' (I) *''Petunia × atkinsiana'' (I) *''Petunia axillaris'' (I) *''Phacelia bipinnatifida'' (N) *Phacelia dubia, ''Phacelia dubia'' var. ''dubia'' (N) *''Phacelia purshii'' (N) *''Phacelia ranunculacea'' (N) *''Phalaris arundinacea'' (N) *''Phalaris canariensis'' (I) *''Phalaris caroliniana'' (N) *''Phaseolus coccineus'' (I) *Phaseolus polystachios, ''Phaseolus polystachios'' var. ''polystachios'' (N) *''Phaseolus vulgaris'' (I) *''Phegopteris connectilis'' (N) *''Phegopteris hexagonoptera'' (N) *''Phellodendron amurense'' (I) *''Philadelphus coronarius'' (I) *''Philadelphus inodorus'' (N) *Philadelphus pubescens, ''Philadelphus pubescens'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *''Philadelphus tomentosus'' (I) *''Phleum pratense'' (I) *Phlox divaricata, ''Phlox divaricata'' ssp. ''divaricata'' (N) *Phlox glaberrima, ''Phlox glaberrima'' ssp. ''triflora'' (N) *''Phlox latifolia'' (N) *Phlox maculata, ''Phlox maculata'' ssp. ''maculata'' (N) *Phlox maculata, ''Phlox maculata'' ssp. ''pyramidalis'' (N) *''Phlox paniculata'' (N) *Phlox pilosa, ''Phlox pilosa'' ssp. ''pilosa'' (N) *''Phlox stolonifera'' (N) *Phlox subulata, ''Phlox subulata'' ssp. ''brittonii'' (N) *Phlox subulata, ''Phlox subulata'' ssp. ''subulata'' (N) *''Phoradendron leucarpum'' (N) *''Photinia floribunda'' (N) *''Photinia melanocarpa'' (N) *''Phragmites australis'' (N) *''Phryma leptostachya'' (N) *''Phyla lanceolata'' (N) *Phyllanthus caroliniensis, ''Phyllanthus caroliniensis'' ssp. ''caroliniensis'' (N) *''Physalis alkekengi'' (I) *''Physalis grisea'' (N) *Physalis heterophylla, ''Physalis heterophylla'' var. ''heterophylla'' (N) *''Physalis hispida'' (N) *Physalis longifolia, ''Physalis longifolia'' var. ''longifolia'' (N) *Physalis longifolia, ''Physalis longifolia'' var. ''subglabrata'' (N) *Physalis philadelphica, ''Physalis philadelphica'' var. ''immaculata'' (I) *Physalis pubescens, ''Physalis pubescens'' var. ''integrifolia'' (N) *Physalis pubescens, ''Physalis pubescens'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *Physalis virginiana, ''Physalis virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *Physocarpus opulifolius, ''Physocarpus opulifolius'' var. ''intermedius'' (N) *Physocarpus opulifolius, ''Physocarpus opulifolius'' var. ''opulifolius'' (N) *Physostegia virginiana, ''Physostegia virginiana'' ssp. ''praemorsa'' (N) *Physostegia virginiana, ''Physostegia virginiana'' ssp. ''virginiana'' (N) *Phytolacca americana, ''Phytolacca americana'' var. ''americana'' (N) *''Picea abies'' (I) *''Picris echioides'' (I) *''Picris hieracioides'' (N) *Picris hieracioides, ''Picris hieracioides'' ssp. ''hieracioides'' (I) *''Pilea fontana'' (N) *Pilea pumila, ''Pilea pumila'' var. ''pumila'' (N) *Pimpinella saxifraga, ''Pimpinella saxifraga'' ssp. ''saxifraga'' (I) *''Pinellia ternata'' (I) *''Pinus banksiana'' (N) *''Pinus echinata'' (N) *''Pinus nigra'' (I) *''Pinus rigida'' (N) *''Pinus strobus'' (N) *''Pinus sylvestris'' (I) *''Pinus virginiana'' (N) *''Piptatherum racemosum'' (N) *''Piptochaetium avenaceum'' (N) *''Pistia stratiotes'' (N) *Pityopsis graminifolia, ''Pityopsis graminifolia'' var. ''latifolia'' (N) *''Plantago aristata'' (N) *''Plantago cordata'' (N) *''Plantago lanceolata'' (I) *''Plantago major'' (I) *''Plantago patagonica'' (N) *''Plantago psyllium'' (I) *Plantago rugelii, ''Plantago rugelii'' var. ''rugelii'' (N) *''Plantago virginica'' (N) *''Platanthera × andrewsii'' (N) *''Platanthera aquilonis'' (N) *Platanthera blephariglottis, ''Platanthera blephariglottis'' var. ''blephariglottis'' (N) *''Platanthera ciliaris'' (N) *''Platanthera clavellata'' (N) *Platanthera flava, ''Platanthera flava'' var. ''herbiola'' (N) *''Platanthera grandiflora'' (N) *''Platanthera hookeri'' (N) *''Platanthera lacera'' (N) *''Platanthera leucophaea'' (N) *''Platanthera orbiculata'' (N) *''Platanthera peramoena'' (N) *''Platanthera psycodes'' (N) *''Platanus occidentalis'' (N) *Pleopeltis polypodioides, ''Pleopeltis polypodioides'' ssp. ''michauxiana'' (N) *''Pluchea camphorata'' (N) *''Poa alsodes'' (N) *''Poa annua'' (I) *''Poa arida'' (N) *''Poa bulbosa'' (I) *''Poa chapmaniana'' (N) *''Poa compressa'' (I) *''Poa cuspidata'' (N) *''Poa nemoralis'' (N) *Poa nemoralis, ''Poa nemoralis'' ssp. ''nemoralis'' (I) *''Poa paludigena'' (N) *''Poa palustris'' (N) *''Poa pratensis'' (I) *Poa pratensis, ''Poa pratensis'' ssp. ''pratensis'' (N) *''Poa saltuensis'' (N) *''Poa sylvestris'' (N) *''Poa trivialis'' (I) *''Poa wolfii'' (N) *''Podophyllum peltatum'' (N) *''Podostemum ceratophyllum'' (N) *''Pogonia ophioglossoides'' (N) *Polanisia dodecandra, ''Polanisia dodecandra'' ssp. ''dodecandra'' (N) *Polanisia dodecandra, ''Polanisia dodecandra'' ssp. ''trachysperma'' (N) *''Polanisia jamesii'' (N) *''Polemonium caeruleum'' (I) *Polemonium reptans, ''Polemonium reptans'' var. ''reptans'' (N) *Polemonium reptans, ''Polemonium reptans'' var. ''villosum'' (N) *''Polygala ambigua'' (N) *Polygala cruciata, ''Polygala cruciata'' var. ''aquilonia'' (N) *''Polygala curtissii'' (N) *''Polygala incarnata'' (N) *''Polygala paucifolia'' (N) *''Polygala polygama'' (N) *''Polygala sanguinea'' (N) *''Polygala senega'' (N) *Polygala verticillata, ''Polygala verticillata'' var. ''isocycla'' (N) *Polygala verticillata, ''Polygala verticillata'' var. ''verticillata'' (N) *Polygonatum biflorum, ''Polygonatum biflorum'' var. ''commutatum'' (N) *''Polygonatum pubescens'' (N) *''Polygonum achoreum'' (N) *Polygonum amphibium, ''Polygonum amphibium'' var. ''emersum'' (N) *Polygonum amphibium, ''Polygonum amphibium'' var. ''stipulaceum'' (N) *''Polygonum arenastrum'' (I) *''Polygonum arifolium'' (N) *''Polygonum aviculare'' (I) *''Polygonum buxiforme'' (N) *''Polygonum careyi'' (N) *Polygonum cespitosum, ''Polygonum cespitosum'' var. ''longisetum'' (I) *''Polygonum ciliinode'' (N) *Polygonum convolvulus, ''Polygonum convolvulus'' var. ''convolvulus'' (I) *''Polygonum erectum'' (N) *Polygonum fowleri, ''Polygonum fowleri'' ssp. ''fowleri'' (N) *''Polygonum hydropiper'' (I) *''Polygonum hydropiperoides'' (N) *''Polygonum lapathifolium'' (N) *''Polygonum orientale'' (I) *''Polygonum pensylvanicum'' (N) *''Polygonum perfoliatum'' (I) *''Polygonum persicaria'' (I) *Polygonum punctatum, ''Polygonum punctatum'' var. ''confertiflorum'' (N) *Polygonum punctatum, ''Polygonum punctatum'' var. ''punctatum'' (N) *Polygonum ramosissimum, ''Polygonum ramosissimum'' var. ''ramosissimum'' (N) *''Polygonum robustius'' (N) *''Polygonum sachalinense'' (I) *''Polygonum sagittatum'' (N) *Polygonum scandens, ''Polygonum scandens'' var. ''cristatum'' (N) *Polygonum scandens, ''Polygonum scandens'' var. ''dumetorum'' (N) *Polygonum scandens, ''Polygonum scandens'' var. ''scandens'' (N) *Polygonum scandens, ''Polygonum scandens'' var. ''dumetorum'' (I) *''Polygonum setaceum'' (N) *''Polygonum tenue'' (N) *''Polygonum virginianum'' (N) *''Polymnia canadensis'' (N) *''Polypodium appalachianum'' (N) *''Polypodium virginianum'' (N) *Polystichum acrostichoides, ''Polystichum acrostichoides'' var. ''acrostichoides'' (N) *''Pontederia cordata'' (N) *''Populus alba'' (I) *Populus balsamifera, ''Populus balsamifera'' ssp. ''balsamifera'' (N) *''Populus × canadensis'' (N) *''Populus × canescens'' (I) *Populus deltoides, ''Populus deltoides'' ssp. ''deltoides'' (N) *Populus deltoides, ''Populus deltoides'' ssp. ''monilifera'' (N) *''Populus grandidentata'' (N) *''Populus heterophylla'' (N) *''Populus × jackii'' (N) *''Populus nigra'' (I) *''Populus × smithii'' (N) *''Populus tremuloides'' (N) *''Portulaca grandiflora'' (I) *''Portulaca oleracea'' (I) *''Portulaca oleracea'' (N) *''Potamogeton amplifolius'' (N) *''Potamogeton compressus'' (N) *''Potamogeton crispus'' (I) *''Potamogeton diversifolius'' (N) *''Potamogeton epihydrus'' (N) *Potamogeton foliosus, ''Potamogeton foliosus'' ssp. ''foliosus'' (N) *''Potamogeton friesii'' (N) *''Potamogeton gramineus'' (N) *''Potamogeton × hagstroemii'' (N) *''Potamogeton hillii'' (N) *''Potamogeton illinoensis'' (N) *''Potamogeton natans'' (N) *''Potamogeton nodosus'' (N) *''Potamogeton perfoliatus'' (N) *''Potamogeton praelongus'' (N) *''Potamogeton pulcher'' (N) *Potamogeton pusillus, ''Potamogeton pusillus'' ssp. ''pusillus'' (N) *Potamogeton pusillus, ''Potamogeton pusillus'' ssp. ''tenuissimus'' (N) *''Potamogeton × rectifolius'' (N) *''Potamogeton richardsonii'' (N) *''Potamogeton robbinsii'' (N) *''Potamogeton spirillus'' (N) *''Potamogeton strictifolius'' (N) *''Potamogeton tennesseensis'' (N) *''Potamogeton vaseyi'' (N) *Potentilla argentea, ''Potentilla argentea'' var. ''argentea'' (I) *Potentilla arguta, ''Potentilla arguta'' ssp. ''arguta'' (N) *Potentilla canadensis, ''Potentilla canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *Potentilla canadensis, ''Potentilla canadensis'' var. ''villosissima'' (N) *''Potentilla inclinata'' (I) *''Potentilla intermedia'' (I) *Potentilla norvegica ssp. monspeliensis, ''Potentilla norvegica'' ssp. ''monspeliensis'' (N) *''Potentilla paradoxa'' (N) *Potentilla pensylvanica, ''Potentilla pensylvanica'' var. ''pensylvanica'' (N) *''Potentilla recta'' (I) *''Potentilla reptans'' (I) *''Potentilla simplex'' (N) *''Prenanthes alba'' (N) *''Prenanthes altissima'' (N) *''Prenanthes aspera'' (N) *''Prenanthes crepidinea'' (N) *Prenanthes racemosa, ''Prenanthes racemosa'' var. ''racemosa'' (N) *''Prenanthes serpentaria'' (N) *''Prenanthes trifoliolata'' (N) *Proboscidea louisianica, ''Proboscidea louisianica'' ssp. ''louisianica'' (N) *''Prosartes lanuginosa'' (N) *''Prosartes maculata'' (N) *Proserpinaca palustris, ''Proserpinaca palustris'' var. ''amblyogona'' (N) *Proserpinaca palustris, ''Proserpinaca palustris'' var. ''crebra'' (N) *''Prunella laciniata'' (I) *Prunella vulgaris, ''Prunella vulgaris'' ssp. ''lanceolata'' (N) *''Prunus americana'' (N) *''Prunus avium'' (I) *''Prunus cerasifera'' (I) *''Prunus cerasus'' (I) *Prunus domestica, ''Prunus domestica'' var. ''domestica'' (I) *''Prunus hortulana'' (N) *''Prunus mahaleb'' (I) *''Prunus mexicana'' (N) *''Prunus munsoniana'' (N) *''Prunus nigra'' (N) *Prunus pensylvanica, ''Prunus pensylvanica'' var. ''pensylvanica'' (N) *Prunus persica, ''Prunus persica'' var. ''persica'' (I) *Prunus pumila, ''Prunus pumila'' var. ''pumila'' (N) *Prunus serotina, ''Prunus serotina'' var. ''serotina'' (N) *''Prunus subhirtella'' (I) *''Prunus susquehanae'' (N) (here considered a synonym of ''Prunus pumila, P. pumila'') *''Prunus tomentosa'' (I) *Prunus virginiana, ''Prunus virginiana'' var. ''virginiana'' (N) *''Psammophiliella muralis'' (syn. ''Gypsophila muralis'') (I) *''Pseudognaphalium macounii'' (N) *Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium, ''Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium'' ssp. ''obtusifolium'' (N) *''Pseudolysimachion longifolium'' (I) *Ptelea trifoliata, ''Ptelea trifoliata'' ssp. ''trifoliata'' var. ''trifoliata'' (N) *Ptelea trifoliata, ''Ptelea trifoliata'' ssp. ''trifoliata'' (N) *Pteridium aquilinum, ''Pteridium aquilinum'' var. ''latiusculum'' (N) *Pteridium aquilinum, ''Pteridium aquilinum'' var. ''pseudocaudatum'' (N) *''Puccinellia distans'' (N) *Puccinellia distans, ''Puccinellia distans'' ssp. ''distans'' (I) *Pueraria montana, ''Pueraria montana'' var. ''lobata'' (I) *Pycnanthemum incanum, ''Pycnanthemum incanum'' var. ''incanum'' (N) *Pycnanthemum incanum, ''Pycnanthemum incanum'' var. ''puberulum'' (N) *''Pycnanthemum muticum'' (N) *Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides, ''Pycnanthemum pycnanthemoides'' var. ''pycnanthemoides'' (N) *''Pycnanthemum tenuifolium'' (N) *Pycnanthemum verticillatum, ''Pycnanthemum verticillatum'' var. ''pilosum'' (N) *Pycnanthemum verticillatum, ''Pycnanthemum verticillatum'' var. ''verticillatum'' (N) *''Pycnanthemum virginianum'' (N) *''Pyracantha coccinea'' (I) *''Pyracantha coccinea'' (N) *''Pyrola americana'' (N) *Pyrola asarifolia, ''Pyrola asarifolia'' ssp. ''asarifolia'' (N) *''Pyrola chlorantha'' (N) *''Pyrola elliptica'' (N) *''Pyrus calleryana'' (I) *''Pyrus communis'' (I)

Q

*''Quercus alba'' (N) *''Quercus × bebbiana'' (N) *''Quercus bicolor'' (N) *''Quercus × bushii'' (N) *Quercus coccinea, ''Quercus coccinea'' var. ''coccinea'' (N) *Quercus coccinea, ''Quercus coccinea'' var. ''tuberculata'' (N) *''Quercus × deamii'' (N) *''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' (N) *''Quercus × exacta'' (N) *''Quercus falcata'' (N) *''Quercus × fontana'' (N) *''Quercus × hawkinsiae'' (N) *''Quercus imbricaria'' (N) *''Quercus × jackiana'' (N) *''Quercus × leana'' (N) *Quercus macrocarpa, ''Quercus macrocarpa'' var. ''macrocarpa'' (N) *Quercus marilandica, ''Quercus marilandica'' var. ''marilandica'' (N) *''Quercus muehlenbergii'' (N) *''Quercus × mutabilis'' (N) *''Quercus × palaeolithicola'' (N) *''Quercus palustris'' (N) *''Quercus prinus'' (N) *''Quercus robur'' (I) *Quercus rubra, ''Quercus rubra'' var. ''ambigua'' (N) *Quercus rubra, ''Quercus rubra'' var. ''rubra'' (N) *''Quercus × runcinata'' (N) *''Quercus × saulii'' (N) *''Quercus × schuettei'' (N) *Quercus shumardii, ''Quercus shumardii'' var. ''schneckii'' (N) *Quercus shumardii, ''Quercus shumardii'' var. ''shumardii'' (N) *''Quercus stellata'' (N) *''Quercus × tridentata'' (N) *''Quercus velutina'' (N)

R

*''Ranunculus abortivus'' (N) *Ranunculus acris, ''Ranunculus acris'' var. ''acris'' (N) *Ranunculus acris, ''Ranunculus acris'' var. ''acris'' (I) *''Ranunculus allegheniensis'' (N) *''Ranunculus ambigens'' (N) *''Ranunculus arvensis'' (I) *''Ranunculus bulbosus'' (I) *''Ranunculus fascicularis'' (N) *Ranunculus ficaria, ''Ranunculus ficaria'' var. ''bulbifera'' (I) *''Ranunculus flabellaris'' (N) *Ranunculus hispidus, ''Ranunculus hispidus'' var. ''caricetorum'' (N) *Ranunculus hispidus, ''Ranunculus hispidus'' var. ''hispidus'' (N) *Ranunculus hispidus, ''Ranunculus hispidus'' var. ''nitidus'' (N) *''Ranunculus longirostris'' (N) *''Ranunculus micranthus'' (N) *''Ranunculus parviflorus'' (I) *''Ranunculus pensylvanicus'' (N) *Ranunculus pusillus, ''Ranunculus pusillus'' var. ''pusillus'' (N) *Ranunculus recurvatus, ''Ranunculus recurvatus'' var. ''recurvatus'' (N) *''Ranunculus repens'' (I) *Ranunculus sceleratus, ''Ranunculus sceleratus'' var. ''sceleratus'' (N) *''Raphanus raphanistrum'' (I) *''Raphanus sativus'' (I) *''Ratibida columnifera'' (N) *''Ratibida pinnata'' (N) *''Reseda alba'' (I) *''Reseda lutea'' (I) *''Reseda luteola'' (I) *''Reynoutria japonica'' (Synonym (taxonomy), syn. ''Polygonum cuspidatum'') (I) *''Rhamnus alnifolia'' (N) *''Rhamnus cathartica'' (I) *Rhamnus davurica, ''Rhamnus davurica'' ssp. ''davurica'' (I) *Rhamnus lanceolata, ''Rhamnus lanceolata'' ssp. ''glabrata'' (N) *Rhamnus lanceolata, ''Rhamnus lanceolata'' ssp. ''lanceolata'' (N) *''Rhamnus utilis'' (I) *''Rheum rhabarbarum'' (I) *''Rhexia virginica'' (N) *''Rhododendron calendulaceum'' (N) *''Rhododendron maximum'' (N) *''Rhododendron periclymenoides'' (N) *''Rhododendron prinophyllum'' (N) *''Rhodotypos scandens'' (I) *Rhus aromatica, ''Rhus aromatica'' var. ''arenaria'' (N) *Rhus aromatica, ''Rhus aromatica'' var. ''aromatica'' (N) *Rhus copallinum, ''Rhus copallinum'' var. ''latifolia'' (N) *''Rhus glabra'' (N) *''Rhus pulvinata'' (N) *''Rhus typhina'' (N) *''Rhynchospora alba'' (N) *''Rhynchospora capillacea'' (N) *''Rhynchospora capitellata'' (N) *''Rhynchospora recognita'' (N) *''Ribes americanum'' (N) *Ribes aureum, ''Ribes aureum'' var. ''villosum'' (N) *''Ribes cynosbati'' (N) *''Ribes glandulosum'' (N) *''Ribes hirtellum'' (N) *''Ribes missouriense'' (N) *''Ribes nigrum'' (I) *Ribes oxyacanthoides, ''Ribes oxyacanthoides'' ssp. ''oxyacanthoides'' (N) *''Ribes rotundifolium'' (N) *''Ribes rubrum'' (I) *''Ribes triste'' (N) *Ribes uva-crispa, ''Ribes uva-crispa'' var. ''sativum'' (I) *''Ricinus communis'' (I) *''Robinia × ambigua'' (N) *Robinia hispida, ''Robinia hispida'' var. ''fertilis'' (N) *Robinia hispida, ''Robinia hispida'' var. ''hispida'' (N) *''Robinia pseudoacacia'' (N) *Robinia viscosa, ''Robinia viscosa'' var. ''viscosa'' (N) *Rorippa palustris, ''Rorippa palustris'' ssp. ''fernaldiana'' (N) *Rorippa palustris, ''Rorippa palustris'' ssp. ''hispida'' (N) *''Rorippa sessiliflora'' (N) *''Rorippa sylvestris'' (I) *Rosa arkansana, ''Rosa arkansana'' var. ''suffulta'' (N) *Rosa blanda, ''Rosa blanda'' var. ''blanda'' (N) *''Rosa canina'' (I) *Rosa carolina, ''Rosa carolina'' var. ''carolina'' (N) *''Rosa centifolia'' (I) *''Rosa cinnamomea'' (I) *''Rosa eglanteria'' (I) *''Rosa gallica'' (I) *''Rosa majalis'' (I) *''Rosa micrantha'' (I) *''Rosa multiflora'' (I) *''Rosa nitida'' (N) *''Rosa × palustriformis'' (N) *''Rosa palustris'' (N) *''Rosa pimpinellifolia'' (I) *''Rosa × rudiuscula'' (N) *''Rosa rugosa'' (I) *Rosa setigera, ''Rosa setigera'' var. ''setigera'' (N) *Rosa setigera, ''Rosa setigera'' var. ''tomentosa'' (N) *''Rosa wichuraiana'' (I) *''Rotala ramosior'' (N) *''Rubus aboriginum'' (N) *Rubus allegheniensis, ''Rubus allegheniensis'' var. ''allegheniensis'' (N) *Rubus allegheniensis, ''Rubus allegheniensis'' var. ''gravesii'' (N) *''Rubus alumnus'' (N) *''Rubus argutus'' (N) *''Rubus armeniacus'' (I) *''Rubus baileyanus'' (N) *''Rubus bellobatus'' (N) *''Rubus canadensis'' (N) *''Rubus deamii'' (N) *''Rubus depavitus'' (N) *''Rubus fecundus'' (N) *''Rubus flagellaris'' (N) *''Rubus frondosus'' (N) *''Rubus hispidus'' (N) *Rubus idaeus, ''Rubus idaeus'' ssp. ''strigosus'' (N) *Rubus idaeus, ''Rubus idaeus'' ssp. ''idaeus'' (I) *''Rubus invisus'' (N) *''Rubus laciniatus'' (I) *''Rubus laudatus'' (N) *''Rubus meracus'' (N) *''Rubus michiganensis'' (N) *''Rubus multifer'' (N) *''Rubus occidentalis'' (N) *Rubus odoratus, ''Rubus odoratus'' var. ''odoratus'' (N) *''Rubus pensilvanicus'' (N) *''Rubus pergratus'' (N) *''Rubus philadelphicus'' (N) *''Rubus phoenicolasius'' (I) *''Rubus plicatifolius'' (N) *''Rubus prestonensis'' (N) *Rubus pubescens, ''Rubus pubescens'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *''Rubus recurvans'' (N) *''Rubus recurvicaulis'' (N) *''Rubus roribaccus'' (N) *''Rubus rosa'' (N) *''Rubus setosus'' (N) *''Rubus suus'' (N) *''Rubus trivialis'' (N) *''Rubus uvidus'' (N) *''Rubus vagus'' (N) *Rudbeckia fulgida, ''Rudbeckia fulgida'' var. ''deamii'' (N) *Rudbeckia fulgida, ''Rudbeckia fulgida'' var. ''fulgida'' (N) *Rudbeckia fulgida, ''Rudbeckia fulgida'' var. ''speciosa'' (N) *Rudbeckia fulgida, ''Rudbeckia fulgida'' var. ''umbrosa'' (N) *Rudbeckia grandiflora, ''Rudbeckia grandiflora'' var. ''grandiflora'' (N) *Rudbeckia hirta, ''Rudbeckia hirta'' var. ''hirta'' (N) *Rudbeckia hirta, ''Rudbeckia hirta'' var. ''pulcherrima'' (N) *Rudbeckia laciniata, ''Rudbeckia laciniata'' var. ''laciniata'' (N) *Rudbeckia triloba, ''Rudbeckia triloba'' var. ''triloba'' (N) *Ruellia caroliniensis, ''Ruellia caroliniensis'' ssp. ''caroliniensis'' var. ''caroliniensis'' (N) *Ruellia caroliniensis, ''Ruellia caroliniensis'' ssp. ''caroliniensis'' (N) *''Ruellia humilis'' (N) *''Ruellia strepens'' (N) *''Rumex acetosa'' (N) *Rumex acetosa, ''Rumex acetosa'' ssp. ''acetosa'' (I) *''Rumex acetosella'' (I) *''Rumex × acutus'' (I) *''Rumex × acutus'' (N) *''Rumex altissimus'' (N) *''Rumex conglomeratus'' (I) *Rumex crispus, ''Rumex crispus'' ssp. ''crispus'' (I) *''Rumex maritimus'' (N) *''Rumex obtusifolius'' (I) *Rumex orbiculatus, ''Rumex orbiculatus'' var. ''borealis'' (N) *Rumex orbiculatus, ''Rumex orbiculatus'' var. ''orbiculatus'' (N) *''Rumex patientia'' (I) *Rumex salicifolius, ''Rumex salicifolius'' var. ''mexicanus'' (N) *''Rumex verticillatus'' (N) *''Ruppia cirrhosa'' (N)

S

*''Sabatia angularis'' (N) *''Saccharum alopecuroides'' (N) *''Saccharum ravennae'' (I) *Sagina decumbens, ''Sagina decumbens'' ssp. ''decumbens'' (N) *''Sagina japonica'' (I) *''Sagina procumbens'' (I) *''Sagina procumbens'' (N) *''Sagittaria australis'' (N) *''Sagittaria brevirostra'' (N) *Sagittaria calycina, ''Sagittaria calycina'' var. ''calycina'' (N) *''Sagittaria cuneata'' (N) *Sagittaria graminea, ''Sagittaria graminea'' var. ''graminea'' (N) *''Sagittaria latifolia'' (N) *''Sagittaria platyphylla'' (N) *''Sagittaria rigida'' (N) *''Salicornia depressa'' (N) *''Salicornia maritima'' (N) *''Salix alba'' (I) *''Salix amygdaloides'' (N) *''Salix bebbiana'' (N) *''Salix candida'' (N) *''Salix caprea'' (I) *''Salix caroliniana'' (N) *''Salix cinerea'' (I) *''Salix discolor'' (N) *''Salix × ehrhartiana'' (I) *''Salix × ehrhartiana'' (N) *''Salix eriocephala'' (N) *''Salix × fragilis, Salix fragilis'' (I) *''Salix × glatfelteri'' (N) *Salix humilis, ''Salix humilis'' var. ''humilis'' (N) *Salix humilis, ''Salix humilis'' var. ''tristis'' (N) *''Salix interior'' (N) *Salix lucida, ''Salix lucida'' ssp. ''lucida'' (N) *''Salix matsudana'' (I) *Salix myricoides, ''Salix myricoides'' var. ''albovestita'' (N) *Salix myricoides, ''Salix myricoides'' var. ''myricoides'' (N) *''Salix nigra'' (N) *''Salix pedicellaris'' (N) *''Salix × pendulina'' (I) *''Salix pentandra'' (I) *''Salix petiolaris'' (N) *''Salix purpurea'' (I) *''Salix × rubens'' (I) *''Salix sericea'' (N) *''Salix serissima'' (N) *''Salix viminalis'' (I) *''Salsola collina'' (I) *''Salsola tragus'' (I) *Salvia azurea, ''Salvia azurea'' var. ''grandiflora'' (N) *''Salvia coccinea'' (N) *''Salvia farinacea'' (N) *''Salvia lyrata'' (N) *''Salvia officinalis'' (I) *''Salvia pratensis'' (I) *''Salvia reflexa'' (N) *''Salvia splendens'' (I) *''Salvia × superba'' (I) *''Salvia × sylvestris'' (I) *''Sambucus nigra'' (I) *Sambucus nigra, ''Sambucus nigra'' ssp. ''canadensis'' (N) *Sambucus racemosa, ''Sambucus racemosa'' var. ''racemosa'' (N) *''Samolus valerandi'' (I) *Samolus valerandi, ''Samolus valerandi'' ssp. ''parviflorus'' (N) *''Sanguinaria canadensis'' (N) *''Sanguisorba canadensis'' (N) *Sanguisorba minor, ''Sanguisorba minor'' ssp. ''balearica'' (I) *Sanicula canadensis, ''Sanicula canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *Sanicula canadensis, ''Sanicula canadensis'' var. ''grandis'' (N) *''Sanicula marilandica'' (N) *''Sanicula odorata'' (N) *''Sanicula smallii'' (N) *''Sanicula trifoliata'' (N) *''Saponaria officinalis'' (I) *Sarracenia purpurea, ''Sarracenia purpurea'' ssp. ''purpurea'' (N) *''Sassafras albidum'' (N) *''Satureja hortensis'' (I) *''Saururus cernuus'' (N) *''Saxifraga pensylvanica'' (N) *Saxifraga virginiensis, ''Saxifraga virginiensis'' var. ''virginiensis'' (N) *''Scabiosa columbaria'' (I) *''Scandix pecten-veneris'' (I) *''Schedonorus phoenix'' (I) *''Schedonorus pratensis'' (I) *Scheuchzeria palustris, ''Scheuchzeria palustris'' ssp. ''americana'' (N) *''Schizachne purpurascens'' (N) *''Schizachyrium littorale'' (N) *Schizachyrium scoparium, ''Schizachyrium scoparium'' var. ''scoparium'' (N) *Schoenoplectus acutus, ''Schoenoplectus acutus'' var. ''acutus'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus fluviatilis'' (N) *Schoenoplectus pungens, ''Schoenoplectus pungens'' var. ''pungens'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus purshianus'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus saximontanus'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus smithii'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus subterminalis'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani'' (N) *''Schoenoplectus torreyi'' (N) *''Scilla siberica'' (I) *''Scirpus atrovirens'' (N) *''Scirpus cyperinus'' (N) *''Scirpus expansus'' (N) *''Scirpus georgianus'' (N) *''Scirpus hattorianus'' (N) *''Scirpus pedicellatus'' (N) *''Scirpus pendulus'' (N) *''Scirpus polyphyllus'' (N) *''Scleranthus annuus'' (I) *''Scleria oligantha'' (N) *Scleria pauciflora, ''Scleria pauciflora'' var. ''caroliniana'' (N) *Scleria pauciflora, ''Scleria pauciflora'' var. ''pauciflora'' (N) *''Scleria triglomerata'' (N) *''Scleria verticillata'' (N) *''Sclerochloa dura'' (I) *''Sclerochloa dura'' (N) *''Scrophularia lanceolata'' (N) *''Scrophularia marilandica'' (N) *Scutellaria elliptica, ''Scutellaria elliptica'' var. ''elliptica'' (N) *Scutellaria elliptica, ''Scutellaria elliptica'' var. ''hirsuta'' (N) *''Scutellaria galericulata'' (N) *Scutellaria incana, ''Scutellaria incana'' var. ''incana'' (N) *''Scutellaria integrifolia'' (N) *Scutellaria lateriflora, ''Scutellaria lateriflora'' var. ''lateriflora'' (N) *''Scutellaria nervosa'' (N) *Scutellaria ovata, ''Scutellaria ovata'' ssp. ''ovata'' (N) *Scutellaria parvula, ''Scutellaria parvula'' var. ''missouriensis'' (N) *Scutellaria parvula, ''Scutellaria parvula'' var. ''parvula'' (N) *''Scutellaria saxatilis'' (N) *''Scutellaria serrata'' (N) *''Secale cereale'' (I) *''Securigera varia'' (I) *''Sedum acre'' (I) *''Sedum album'' (I) *''Sedum dendroideum'' (I) *''Sedum pulchellum'' (N) *''Sedum reflexum'' (I) *''Sedum sarmentosum'' (I) *''Sedum sexangulare'' (I) *''Sedum ternatum'' (N) *''Selaginella apoda'' (N) *''Selaginella eclipes'' (N) *''Selaginella rupestris'' (N) *''Senecio sylvaticus'' (I) *''Senecio vulgaris'' (I) *''Senna hebecarpa'' (N) *''Senna marilandica'' (N) *''Sericocarpus asteroides'' (N) *''Sericocarpus linifolius'' (N) *''Sesamum orientale'' (I) *''Setaria faberi'' (I) *''Setaria italica'' (I) *''Setaria parviflora'' (N) *Setaria pumila, ''Setaria pumila'' ssp. ''pumila'' (I) *''Setaria verticillata'' (I) *Setaria viridis, ''Setaria viridis'' var. ''viridis'' (I) *''Shepherdia canadensis'' (N) *''Sherardia arvensis'' (I) *''Sibara virginica'' (N) *''Sicyos angulatus'' (N) *''Sida hermaphrodita'' (N) *''Sida spinosa'' (N) *''Silene antirrhina'' (N) *''Silene armeria'' (I) *Silene caroliniana, ''Silene caroliniana'' ssp. ''pensylvanica'' (N) *Silene caroliniana, ''Silene caroliniana'' ssp. ''wherryi'' (N) *''Silene conica'' (I) *''Silene csereii'' (I) *''Silene dichotoma'' (I) *''Silene dioica'' (I) *Silene latifolia, ''Silene latifolia'' ssp. ''alba'' (I) *''Silene nivea'' (N) *''Silene noctiflora'' (I) *''Silene nutans'' (I) *''Silene regia'' (N) *''Silene rotundifolia'' (N) *''Silene stellata'' (N) *Silene virginica, ''Silene virginica'' var. ''virginica'' (N) *''Silene vulgaris'' (I) *Silphium laciniatum, ''Silphium laciniatum'' var. ''laciniatum'' (N) *Silphium perfoliatum, ''Silphium perfoliatum'' var. ''perfoliatum'' (N) *Silphium terebinthinaceum, ''Silphium terebinthinaceum'' var. ''luciae-brauniae'' (N) *Silphium terebinthinaceum, ''Silphium terebinthinaceum'' var. ''terebinthinaceum'' (N) *Silphium trifoliatum, ''Silphium trifoliatum'' var. ''latifolium'' (N) *Silphium trifoliatum, ''Silphium trifoliatum'' var. ''trifoliatum'' (N) *''Silybum marianum'' (I) *''Sinapis alba'' (I) *Sinapis arvensis, ''Sinapis arvensis'' ssp. ''arvensis'' (I) *''Sisymbrium altissimum'' (I) *''Sisymbrium irio'' (I) *''Sisymbrium loeselii'' (I) *''Sisymbrium officinale'' (I) *''Sisyrinchium albidum'' (N) *''Sisyrinchium angustifolium'' (N) *''Sisyrinchium atlanticum'' (N) *Sisyrinchium montanum, ''Sisyrinchium montanum'' var. ''crebrum'' (N) *''Sisyrinchium mucronatum'' (N) *''Sium suave'' (N) *''Smallanthus uvedalia'' (N) *''Smilax ecirrhata'' (N) *''Smilax glauca'' (N) *''Smilax herbacea'' (N) *''Smilax illinoensis'' (N) *''Smilax lasioneura'' (N) *''Smilax pulverulenta'' (N) *''Smilax rotundifolia'' (N) *''Smilax tamnoides'' (N) *Solanum carolinense, ''Solanum carolinense'' var. ''carolinense'' (N) *Solanum dulcamara, ''Solanum dulcamara'' var. ''dulcamara'' (I) *Solanum lycopersicum, ''Solanum lycopersicum'' var. ''lycopersicum'' (I) *''Solanum physalifolium'' (I) *''Solanum ptychanthum'' (N) *''Solanum rostratum'' (N) *''Solanum triflorum'' (N) *''Solanum tuberosum'' (I) *''Solidago altissima'' (N) *Solidago arguta, ''Solidago arguta'' var. ''arguta'' (N) *''Solidago bicolor'' (N) *''Solidago caesia'' (N) *Solidago canadensis, ''Solidago canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *Solidago canadensis, ''Solidago canadensis'' var. ''gilvocanescens'' (N) *Solidago canadensis, ''Solidago canadensis'' var. ''hargeri'' (N) *''Solidago erecta'' (N) *''Solidago flexicaulis'' (N) *''Solidago gigantea'' (N) *Solidago hispida, ''Solidago hispida'' var. ''hispida'' (N) *''Solidago juncea'' (N) *Solidago nemoralis, ''Solidago nemoralis'' var. ''nemoralis'' (N) *Solidago odora, ''Solidago odora'' var. ''odora'' (N) *Solidago patula, ''Solidago patula'' var. ''patula'' (N) *Solidago puberula, ''Solidago puberula'' var. ''puberula'' (N) *Solidago rugosa, ''Solidago rugosa'' ssp. ''aspera'' (N) *Solidago rugosa, ''Solidago rugosa'' ssp. ''rugosa'' var. ''rugosa'' (N) *Solidago rugosa, ''Solidago rugosa'' ssp. ''rugosa'' var. ''villosa'' (N) *Solidago rugosa, ''Solidago rugosa'' ssp. ''rugosa'' (N) *''Solidago rupestris'' (N) *Solidago sempervirens, ''Solidago sempervirens'' var. ''sempervirens'' (N) *Solidago speciosa, ''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''rigidiuscula'' (N) *Solidago speciosa, ''Solidago speciosa'' var. ''speciosa'' (N) *''Solidago sphacelata'' (N) *''Solidago squarrosa'' (N) *Solidago uliginosa, ''Solidago uliginosa'' var. ''linoides'' (N) *Solidago uliginosa, ''Solidago uliginosa'' var. ''uliginosa'' (N) *Solidago ulmifolia, ''Solidago ulmifolia'' var. ''ulmifolia'' (N) *Sonchus arvensis, ''Sonchus arvensis'' ssp. ''arvensis'' (I) *Sonchus arvensis, ''Sonchus arvensis'' ssp. ''uliginosus'' (I) *''Sonchus asper'' (I) *''Sonchus oleraceus'' (I) *''Sorbaria sorbifolia'' (I) *''Sorbus aucuparia'' (I) *''Sorbus decora'' (N) *''Sorghastrum nutans'' (N) *Sorghum bicolor, ''Sorghum bicolor'' ssp. ''bicolor'' (I) *''Sorghum halepense'' (I) *''Sparganium americanum'' (N) *''Sparganium androcladum'' (N) *''Sparganium emersum'' (I) *''Sparganium emersum'' (N) *''Sparganium eurycarpum'' (N) *''Spartina pectinata'' (N) *''Spergula arvensis'' (I) *''Spergularia maritima'' (I) *''Spergularia rubra'' (I) *''Spergularia salina'' (N) *''Spermacoce glabra'' (N) *''Sphenopholis intermedia'' (N) *''Sphenopholis nitida'' (N) *''Sphenopholis obtusata'' (N) *''Sphenopholis × pallens'' (N) *''Sphenopholis pensylvanica'' (N) *''Spinacia oleracea'' (I) *Spiraea alba, ''Spiraea alba'' var. ''alba'' (N) *Spiraea alba, ''Spiraea alba'' var. ''latifolia'' (N) *Spiraea japonica, ''Spiraea japonica'' var. ''fortunei'' (I) *''Spiraea prunifolia'' (I) *''Spiraea tomentosa'' (N) *''Spiraea × vanhouttei'' (I) *''Spiraea virginiana'' (N) *''Spiranthes cernua'' (N) *Spiranthes lacera, ''Spiranthes lacera'' var. ''gracilis'' (N) *Spiranthes lacera, ''Spiranthes lacera'' var. ''lacera'' (N) *''Spiranthes lucida'' (N) *''Spiranthes magnicamporum'' (N) *''Spiranthes ochroleuca'' (N) *Spiranthes ovalis, ''Spiranthes ovalis'' var. ''erostellata'' (N) *''Spiranthes romanzoffiana'' (N) *''Spiranthes tuberosa'' (N) *''Spiranthes vernalis'' (N) *''Spirodela polyrrhiza'' (N) *Sporobolus compositus, ''Sporobolus compositus'' var. ''compositus'' (N) *''Sporobolus cryptandrus'' (N) *''Sporobolus heterolepis'' (N) *''Sporobolus neglectus'' (N) *Sporobolus vaginiflorus, ''Sporobolus vaginiflorus'' var. ''ozarkanus'' (N) *Sporobolus vaginiflorus, ''Sporobolus vaginiflorus'' var. ''vaginiflorus'' (N) *''Stachys aspera'' (N) *''Stachys cordata'' (N) *''Stachys germanica'' (I) *''Stachys palustris'' (N) *Stachys pilosa, ''Stachys pilosa'' var. ''arenicola'' (N) *''Stachys sylvatica'' (I) *''Stachys tenuifolia'' (N) *''Staphylea trifolia'' (N) *''Stellaria alsine'' (N) *''Stellaria corei'' (N) *''Stellaria graminea'' (I) *''Stellaria holostea'' (I) *Stellaria longifolia, ''Stellaria longifolia'' var. ''longifolia'' (N) *Stellaria media, ''Stellaria media'' ssp. ''media'' (I) *Stellaria media, ''Stellaria media'' ssp. ''pallida'' (I) *''Stellaria pubera'' (N) *Stenanthium gramineum, ''Stenanthium gramineum'' var. ''gramineum'' (N) *Stenanthium gramineum, ''Stenanthium gramineum'' var. ''robustum'' (N) *Stenaria nigricans, ''Stenaria nigricans'' var. ''nigricans'' (N) *''Stenosiphon linifolius'' (N) *Streptopus lanceolatus, ''Streptopus lanceolatus'' var. ''lanceolatus'' (N) *Streptopus lanceolatus, ''Streptopus lanceolatus'' var. ''roseus'' (N) *''Strophostyles helvola'' (N) *''Strophostyles leiosperma'' (N) *''Strophostyles umbellata'' (N) *Stuckenia filiformis, ''Stuckenia filiformis'' ssp. ''alpina'' (N) *''Stuckenia pectinata'' (N) *''Stuckenia vaginata'' (N) *''Stylophorum diphyllum'' (N) *''Stylosanthes biflora'' (N) *''Styphnolobium japonicum'' (I) *''Styrax americanus'' (N) *''Styrax grandifolius'' (N) *''Suaeda calceoliformis'' (N) *''Sullivantia sullivantii'' (N) *Symphoricarpos albus, ''Symphoricarpos albus'' var. ''albus'' (N) *Symphoricarpos albus, ''Symphoricarpos albus'' var. ''laevigatus'' (N) *''Symphoricarpos occidentalis'' (N) *''Symphoricarpos orbiculatus'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum boreale'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum ciliatum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum cordifolium'' (N) *Symphyotrichum drummondii, ''Symphyotrichum drummondii'' var. ''drummondii'' (N) *Symphyotrichum dumosum, ''Symphyotrichum dumosum'' var. ''strictior'' (N) *Symphyotrichum ericoides, ''Symphyotrichum ericoides'' var. ''ericoides'' (N) *Symphyotrichum laeve, ''Symphyotrichum laeve'' var. ''laeve'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, ''Symphyotrichum lanceolatum'' ssp. ''lanceolatum'' var. ''hirsuticaule'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, ''Symphyotrichum lanceolatum'' ssp. ''lanceolatum'' var. ''interior'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, ''Symphyotrichum lanceolatum'' ssp. ''lanceolatum'' var. ''lanceolatum'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, ''Symphyotrichum lanceolatum'' ssp. ''lanceolatum'' var. ''latifolium'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, ''Symphyotrichum lanceolatum'' ssp. ''lanceolatum'' (N) *Symphyotrichum lateriflorum, ''Symphyotrichum lateriflorum'' var. ''lateriflorum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum lowrieanum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum novae-angliae'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum oblongifolium'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum ontarionis'' (N) *Symphyotrichum oolentangiense, ''Symphyotrichum oolentangiense'' var. ''oolentangiense'' (N) *Symphyotrichum patens, ''Symphyotrichum patens'' var. ''patens'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum phlogifolium'' (N) *Symphyotrichum pilosum, ''Symphyotrichum pilosum'' var. ''pilosum'' (N) *Symphyotrichum pilosum, ''Symphyotrichum pilosum'' var. ''pringlei'' (N) *Symphyotrichum praealtum, ''Symphyotrichum praealtum'' var. ''praealtum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum prenanthoides'' (N) *Symphyotrichum puniceum, ''Symphyotrichum puniceum'' var. ''puniceum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum racemosum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum sericeum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum shortii'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum subulatum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum undulatum'' (N) *''Symphyotrichum urophyllum'' (N) *''Symphytum asperum'' (I) *''Symphytum officinale'' (I) *''Symplocarpus foetidus'' (N) *''Synandra, Synandra hispidula'' (N) *''Syringa vulgaris'' (I)

T

*''Taenidia integerrima'' (N) *''Tagetes erecta'' (I) *''Tagetes patula'' (I) *''Tamarix chinensis'' (I) *''Tanacetum balsamita'' (I) *''Tanacetum coccineum'' (I) *''Tanacetum parthenium'' (I) *''Tanacetum vulgare'' (I) *''Taraxacum laevigatum'' (I) *''Taraxacum officinale'' (N) *Taraxacum officinale, ''Taraxacum officinale'' ssp. ''officinale'' (I) *''Taxodium distichum'' (N) *''Taxus canadensis'' (N) *''Taxus cuspidata'' (I) *''Tephrosia virginiana'' (N) *''Tetradium daniellii'' (I) *''Tetragonia tetragonioides'' (I) *''Tetraneuris herbacea'' (N) *Teucrium canadense, ''Teucrium canadense'' var. ''canadense'' (N) *Teucrium canadense, ''Teucrium canadense'' var. ''occidentale'' (N) *''Thalictrum dasycarpum'' (N) *''Thalictrum dioicum'' (N) *''Thalictrum pubescens'' (N) *''Thalictrum revolutum'' (N) *''Thalictrum thalictroides'' (N) *''Thaspium barbinode'' (N) *Thaspium trifoliatum, ''Thaspium trifoliatum'' var. ''aureum'' (N) *Thaspium trifoliatum, ''Thaspium trifoliatum'' var. ''trifoliatum'' (N) *''Thelypteris noveboracensis'' (N) *Thelypteris palustris, ''Thelypteris palustris'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *''Thlaspi alliaceum'' (I) *''Thlaspi arvense'' (I) *''Thuja occidentalis'' (N) *''Thymelaea passerina'' (I) *''Thymelaea passerina'' (N) *Thymus praecox, ''Thymus praecox'' ssp. ''arcticus'' (I) *Tiarella cordifolia, ''Tiarella cordifolia'' var. ''cordifolia'' (N) *Tilia americana, ''Tilia americana'' var. ''americana'' (N) *Tilia americana, ''Tilia americana'' var. ''heterophylla'' (N) *''Tilia × europaea'' (I) *''Tipularia discolor'' (N) *Torilis arvensis, ''Torilis arvensis'' ssp. ''arvensis'' (N) *Torilis arvensis, ''Torilis arvensis'' ssp. ''arvensis'' (I) *''Torilis japonica'' (I) *Torreyochloa pallida, ''Torreyochloa pallida'' var. ''pallida'' (N) *Toxicodendron radicans, ''Toxicodendron radicans'' ssp. ''negundo'' (N) *''Toxicodendron rydbergii'' (N) *''Toxicodendron vernix'' (N) *''Tradescantia ohiensis'' (N) *Tradescantia subaspera, ''Tradescantia subaspera'' var. ''subaspera'' (N) *''Tradescantia virginiana'' (N) *''Tragopogon dubius'' (I) *''Tragopogon lamottei'' (I) *''Tragopogon porrifolius'' (I) *''Triadenum fraseri'' (N) *''Triadenum tubulosum'' (N) *''Triadenum virginicum'' (N) *''Triadenum walteri'' (N) *''Triantha glutinosa'' (N) *''Tribulus terrestris'' (I) *''Trichomanes boschianum'' (N) *''Trichomanes intricatum'' (N) *''Trichophorum planifolium'' (N) *''Trichostema brachiatum'' (N) *''Trichostema dichotomum'' (N) *''Trichostema setaceum'' (N) *Tridens flavus, ''Tridens flavus'' var. ''flavus'' (N) *Trientalis borealis, ''Trientalis borealis'' ssp. ''borealis'' (N) *''Trifolium ambiguum'' (I) *''Trifolium arvense'' (I) *''Trifolium aureum'' (I) *''Trifolium campestre'' (I) *''Trifolium dubium'' (I) *''Trifolium hybridum'' (I) *''Trifolium incarnatum'' (I) *''Trifolium pratense'' (I) *''Trifolium reflexum'' (N) *''Trifolium repens'' (I) *''Trifolium resupinatum'' (I) *''Trifolium stoloniferum'' (N) *''Triglochin maritima'' (N) *''Triglochin palustris'' (N) *''Trillium cernuum'' (N) *''Trillium erectum'' (N) *''Trillium flexipes'' (N) *''Trillium grandiflorum'' (N) *''Trillium nivale'' (N) *''Trillium recurvatum'' (N) *''Trillium sessile'' (N) *''Trillium undulatum'' (N) *''Triodanis perfoliata'' (N) *''Triosteum angustifolium'' (N) *Triosteum aurantiacum, ''Triosteum aurantiacum'' var. ''aurantiacum'' (N) *Triosteum aurantiacum, ''Triosteum aurantiacum'' var. ''glaucescens'' (N) *Triosteum aurantiacum, ''Triosteum aurantiacum'' var. ''illinoense'' (N) *''Triosteum perfoliatum'' (N) *''Triphora trianthophora'' (N) *''Triplasis purpurea'' (N) *''Tripleurospermum maritimum'' (N) *Tripleurospermum maritimum, ''Tripleurospermum maritimum'' ssp. ''maritimum'' (I) *''Tripsacum dactyloides'' (N) *''Triticum aestivum'' (I) *Trollius laxus, ''Trollius laxus'' ssp. ''laxus'' (N) *''Tsuga canadensis'' (N) *''Tulipa gesneriana'' (I) *''Tussilago farfara'' (I) *''Typha angustifolia'' (I) *''Typha angustifolia'' (N) *''Typha × glauca'' (N) *''Typha latifolia'' (N)

U

*''Ulmus americana'' (N) *''Ulmus procera'' (I) *''Ulmus pumila'' (I) *''Ulmus rubra'' (N) *''Ulmus thomasii'' (N) *''Urtica chamaedryoides'' (N) *Urtica dioica, ''Urtica dioica'' ssp. ''gracilis'' (N) *Urtica dioica, ''Urtica dioica'' ssp. ''dioica'' (I) *''Utricularia cornuta'' (N) *''Utricularia geminiscapa'' (N) *''Utricularia gibba'' (N) *''Utricularia intermedia'' (N) *''Utricularia macrorhiza'' (N) *''Utricularia minor'' (N) *''Uvularia grandiflora'' (N) *''Uvularia perfoliata'' (N) *''Uvularia sessilifolia'' (N)

V

*''Vaccaria hispanica'' (I) *''Vaccinium angustifolium'' (N) *''Vaccinium corymbosum'' (N) *''Vaccinium fuscatum'' (N) *''Vaccinium macrocarpon'' (N) *''Vaccinium myrtilloides'' (N) *''Vaccinium oxycoccos'' (N) *''Vaccinium pallidum'' (N) *''Vaccinium simulatum'' (N) *''Vaccinium stamineum'' (N) *Valeriana edulis, ''Valeriana edulis'' var. ''ciliata'' (N) *''Valeriana officinalis'' (I) *''Valeriana pauciflora'' (N) *''Valeriana uliginosa'' (N) *''Valerianella chenopodiifolia'' (N) *''Valerianella locusta'' (I) *''Valerianella radiata'' (N) *''Valerianella umbilicata'' (N) *''Vallisneria americana'' (N) *''Veratrum virginicum'' (N) *''Veratrum viride'' (N) *''Veratrum woodii'' (N) *''Verbascum blattaria'' (I) *''Verbascum phlomoides'' (I) *''Verbascum phoeniceum'' (I) *''Verbascum thapsus'' (I) *''Verbascum virgatum'' (I) *''Verbena bracteata'' (N) *''Verbena × engelmannii'' (N) *Verbena hastata, ''Verbena hastata'' var. ''hastata'' (N) *''Verbena × moechina'' (N) *''Verbena simplex'' (N) *''Verbena stricta'' (N) *Verbena urticifolia, ''Verbena urticifolia'' var. ''leiocarpa'' (N) *Verbena urticifolia, ''Verbena urticifolia'' var. ''urticifolia'' (N) *''Verbesina alternifolia'' (N) *''Verbesina helianthoides'' (N) *''Verbesina occidentalis'' (N) *Verbesina virginica, ''Verbesina virginica'' var. ''virginica'' (N) *''Vernonia arkansana'' (N) *Vernonia fasciculata, ''Vernonia fasciculata'' ssp. ''fasciculata'' (N) *Vernonia gigantea, ''Vernonia gigantea'' ssp. ''gigantea'' (N) *''Vernonia × illinoensis'' (N) *''Vernonia missurica'' (N) *''Vernonia noveboracensis'' (N) *''Veronica agrestis'' (I) *''Veronica americana'' (N) *''Veronica anagallis-aquatica'' (N) *''Veronica arvensis'' (I) *Veronica austriaca, ''Veronica austriaca'' ssp. ''teucrium'' (I) *''Veronica beccabunga'' (I) *''Veronica chamaedrys'' (I) *''Veronica filiformis'' (I) *''Veronica hederifolia'' (I) *Veronica officinalis, ''Veronica officinalis'' var. ''officinalis'' (I) *Veronica peregrina, ''Veronica peregrina'' ssp. ''peregrina'' (N) *Veronica peregrina, ''Veronica peregrina'' ssp. ''xalapensis'' (N) *''Veronica persica'' (I) *''Veronica polita'' (I) *''Veronica scutellata'' (N) *''Veronica serpyllifolia'' (N) *Veronica serpyllifolia, ''Veronica serpyllifolia'' ssp. ''serpyllifolia'' (I) *''Veronica verna'' (I) *''Veronicastrum virginicum'' (N) *''Viburnum acerifolium'' (N) *''Viburnum buddleifolium'' (I) *Viburnum dentatum, ''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''dentatum'' (N) *Viburnum dentatum, ''Viburnum dentatum'' var. ''venosum'' (N) *''Viburnum lantana'' (I) *''Viburnum lantanoides'' (N) *''Viburnum lentago'' (N) *''Viburnum molle'' (N) *Viburnum nudum, ''Viburnum nudum'' var. ''cassinoides'' (N) *Viburnum opulus, ''Viburnum opulus'' var. ''americanum'' (N) *Viburnum opulus, ''Viburnum opulus'' var. ''opulus'' (I) *''Viburnum plicatum'' (I) *''Viburnum prunifolium'' (N) *''Viburnum rafinesqueanum'' (N) *''Viburnum recognitum'' (N) *''Viburnum × rhytidophylloides'' (I) *''Viburnum rufidulum'' (N) *Vicia americana, ''Vicia americana'' ssp. ''americana'' (N) *''Vicia caroliniana'' (N) *Vicia cracca, ''Vicia cracca'' ssp. ''cracca'' (I) *''Vicia hirsuta'' (I) *Vicia sativa, ''Vicia sativa'' ssp. ''nigra'' (I) *Vicia sativa, ''Vicia sativa'' ssp. ''sativa'' (I) *''Vicia tetrasperma'' (I) *Vicia villosa, ''Vicia villosa'' ssp. ''varia'' (I) *Vicia villosa, ''Vicia villosa'' ssp. ''villosa'' (I) *''Vigna unguiculata'' (I) *''Vinca major'' (I) *''Vinca minor'' (I) *''Viola affinis'' (N) *''Viola arvensis'' (I) *''Viola × bernardii'' (N) *''Viola bicolor'' (N) *''Viola × bissellii'' (N) *Viola blanda, ''Viola blanda'' var. ''blanda'' (N) *Viola blanda, ''Viola blanda'' var. ''palustriformis'' (N) *''Viola × brauniae'' (N) *Viola canadensis, ''Viola canadensis'' var. ''canadensis'' (N) *''Viola × conjugens'' (N) *''Viola × consobrina'' (N) *''Viola × cooperrideri'' (N) *''Viola × cordifolia'' (N) *''Viola cucullata'' (N) *''Viola × eclipes'' (N) *''Viola × filicetorum'' (N) *''Viola hastata'' (N) *''Viola hirsutula'' (N) *''Viola labradorica'' (N) *Viola lanceolata, ''Viola lanceolata'' ssp. ''lanceolata'' (N) *Viola macloskeyi, ''Viola macloskeyi'' ssp. ''pallens'' (N) *''Viola × malteana'' (N) *''Viola missouriensis'' (N) *''Viola nephrophylla'' (N) *''Viola odorata'' (I) *''Viola × palmata'' (N) *''Viola pedata'' (N) *''Viola pedatifida'' (N) *''Viola × populifolia'' (N) *''Viola × primulifolia'' (N) *Viola pubescens, ''Viola pubescens'' var. ''pubescens'' (N) *Viola pubescens, ''Viola pubescens'' var. ''scabriuscula'' (N) *''Viola × ravida'' (N) *''Viola rostrata'' (N) *''Viola rotundifolia'' (N) *Viola sagittata, ''Viola sagittata'' var. ''ovata'' (N) *Viola sagittata, ''Viola sagittata'' var. ''sagittata'' (N) *''Viola selkirkii'' (N) *''Viola × slavinii'' (N) *''Viola sororia'' (N) *''Viola striata'' (N) *''Viola tricolor'' (I) *Viola triloba, ''Viola triloba'' var. ''dilatata'' (N) *Viola triloba, ''Viola triloba'' var. ''triloba'' (N) *''Viola tripartita'' (N) *''Viola walteri'' (N) *''Viola × wittrockiana'' (I) *Vitex negundo, ''Vitex negundo'' var. ''heterophylla'' (I) *Vitis aestivalis, ''Vitis aestivalis'' var. ''aestivalis'' (N) *Vitis aestivalis, ''Vitis aestivalis'' var. ''bicolor'' (N) *Vitis cinerea, ''Vitis cinerea'' var. ''baileyana'' (N) *''Vitis labrusca'' (N) *''Vitis riparia'' (N) *''Vitis vulpina'' (N) *''Vittaria appalachiana'' (N) *''Vulpia bromoides'' (I) *''Vulpia myuros'' (I) *Vulpia octoflora, ''Vulpia octoflora'' var. ''glauca'' (N)

W

*Waldsteinia fragarioides, ''Waldsteinia fragarioides'' ssp. ''fragarioides'' (N) *''Wisteria floribunda'' (I) *''Wisteria frutescens'' (N) *''Wolffia borealis'' (N) *''Wolffia brasiliensis'' (N) *''Wolffia columbiana'' (N) *''Wolffiella gladiata'' (N) *''Woodsia ilvensis'' (N) *Woodsia obtusa, ''Woodsia obtusa'' ssp. ''obtusa'' (N) *''Woodwardia virginica'' (N)

X

*''Xanthium spinosum'' (I) *Xanthium strumarium, ''Xanthium strumarium'' var. ''canadense'' (N) *Xanthium strumarium, ''Xanthium strumarium'' var. ''glabratum'' (N) *''Xanthorhiza simplicissima'' (N) *Xyris difformis, ''Xyris difformis'' var. ''difformis'' (N) *''Xyris torta'' (N)

Y

*''Yucca filamentosa'' (N)

Z

*''Zannichellia palustris'' (N) *''Zanthoxylum americanum'' (N) *Zea mays, ''Zea mays'' ssp. ''mays'' (I) *''Zelkova serrata'' (I) *Zigadenus elegans, ''Zigadenus elegans'' ssp. ''glaucus'' (N) *Zizania aquatica, ''Zizania aquatica'' var. ''aquatica'' (N) *Zizania palustris, ''Zizania palustris'' var. ''interior'' (N) *''Zizia aptera'' (N) *''Zizia aurea'' (N)

References

USDA PLANTS Database

External links

Ohio's top ten invasive plants

Rare Native Ohio Plants 2006-2007

''Flora of North America''
{{Flora of the United States by political division Flora of Ohio, Ohio-related lists, Flora of Ohio Lists of flora of the United States by state, Ohio