The
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n state of
Bihar
Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West ...
contains sub-Himalayan foothills and mountains with
moist deciduous forests. Rainfall may exceed 1600 millimeters per year. Common trees include ''
Shorea robusta
''Shorea robusta'', the sal tree, sāla, shala, sakhua, or sarai, is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The tree is native to India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Tibet and across the Himalayan regions .
Evolution
Fossil evidence from l ...
'' (''sal''), ''
Toona ciliata
''Toona ciliata'' is a forest tree in the mahogany family which grows throughout southern Asia from Afghanistan to Papua New Guinea and Australia.
Names
It is commonly known as the red cedar (a name shared by other trees), toon or toona (al ...
'', ''
Diospyros melanoxylon
''Diospyros melanoxylon'', the Coromandel ebony or East Indian ebony, is a species of flowering tree in the family Ebenaceae native to India and Sri Lanka; it has a hard, dry bark. Its common name derives from Coromandel, the coast of southeas ...
'' (''kendu''), ''
Boswellia serrata'' (''salai''), ''
Terminalia tomentosa
''Terminalia elliptica'' is a species of '' Terminalia'' native to southern and southeast Asia in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.Sal and Saaj Deforestation in West Nepal"Terminalia Tomentosa"/ref> It is a ...
'' (''asan''), ''
Terminalia bellirica
''Terminalia bellirica'', known as baheda, bahera, behada, beleric or bastard myrobalan (Arabic: beliledj بليلج, borrowed from Middle Persian Balilag), Persian بلیله (Balileh), Sanskrit: Bibhitaka बिभीतक, Aksha is a large ...
'' (''bahera''), ''
Terminalia arjuna
''Terminalia arjuna'' is a tree of the genus '' Terminalia''. It is commonly known as arjuna or arjun tree in English.
Description
''T. arjuna'' grows to about 20–25 metres tall; usually has a buttressed trunk, and forms a wide canopy at t ...
'' (''arjun''), ''
Pterocarpus marsupium
''Pterocarpus marsupium'', also known as Malabar kino, Indian kino, Vijayasar, or Venkai is a medium to large, deciduous tree that can grow up to tall. It is native to India (where it occurs in parts of the Western Ghats in the Karnataka-Kerala ...
'' (''paisar''), ''
Madhuca indica
''Madhuca longifolia'' is an Indian tropical tree found largely in the central, southern, north Indian plains and forests, Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. It is commonly known as madhūka, , mahuwa, Butter Tree, mahua, mahwa, , Iluppai or vippa che ...
'' (''mahua'').
Plants of Bihar include:
* ''
Holarrhena antidysenterica''
* ''
Flemingia chappar''
* ''
Ziziphus xylopyrus''
* ''
Bauhinia vahlii
''Phanera vahlii'' (common name Camel's Foot Climber)is a perennial creeper of the family Fabaceae native to the Indian subcontinent. It can grow as much as fifty feet (15 meters) a year. The two-lobed leaves are up to 18 inches (46 centimete ...
''
* ''
Smilex protifrera''
* ''
Butea superba
''Butea superba'' is a vining shrub in the legume family Fabaceae, native to India and mainland Southeast Asia. It is thought by locals to be an aphrodisiac, among other effects.
Efficacy
Existing open trials have come to conflicting conclusio ...
''
* ''
Butea parviflora''
See also
*
Fauna of Bihar
*
Flora of India
The flora of India is one of the richest in the world due to the wide range of climate, topology and habitat in the country. There are estimated to be over 18,000 species of flowering plants in India, which constitute some 6-7 percent of the to ...
*
Fauna of India
India is the world's 8th most biodiverse region with a 0.46 BioD score on diversity index, 102,718 species of fauna and 23.39% of the nation's geographical area under forest and tree cover in 2020. India encompasses a wide range ...
*
Protected areas of Bihar
Bihar is a state in East India. It is bounded by Uttar Pradesh to the west, Nepal to the north, West Bengal to the east and Jharkhand to the south. About 7% of the state is protected forest area.
Geography
Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764. ...
References
External links
Official Bihar Department of the Environment and Forests websiteHooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 1Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 2Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 3Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 4Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 5Hooker, J. D. Flora of British India Volume 6
{{DEFAULTSORT:Flora Of Bihar
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Bihar
Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West ...
Tourism in Bihar