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''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a
/ref>
Unfortunately fungal infections are not uncommon in cultivated plants. A variety of phytopathogens may infect ''Vanda'' orchids. Vandas may be affected by ''Fusarium'' wilt. This disease is characterized by purple discolouration in the vascular tissue, which results in the loss of their function. The hyphae and spores block the conductor vessels. Affected plants may superficially appear healthy, as they continue to grow, the oldest parts of the plants can be affected and the disease will eventually progress throughout the entire plant. If cutting tools are not sterilized the infection may spread to other plants.
*''
The following is a list of hybrid genera (nothogenera) in which hybrids vandas with orchids of other genera are placed although many of these are invalid because of recent taxonomic changes. For instance, × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' x ''Vanda'') and × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Vanda'' x ''Neofinetia'') are no longer valid because both ''Ascocentrum'' and ''Neofinetia'' have been reduced to synonyms of Vanda by RHS, which is in charge of the International Orchid Register:
* × ''Aeridovanda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Aeridovanisia'' (''Aerides'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Alphonsoara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Andrewara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Aranda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ascovandoritis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Bokchoonara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Bovornara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Burkillara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Charlieara'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Christieara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Darwinara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Debruyneara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Devereuxara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Eastonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Gastrochilus'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Fujiora'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Goffara'' (''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Hawaiiara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Hagerara'' (''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Himoriara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Holttumara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Isaoara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Joannara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Kagawara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Knappara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Knudsonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Leeara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Luisanda'' (''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Luivanetia'' (''Luisia'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Lewisara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Maccoyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Macekara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Micholitzara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Moirara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Mokara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Nakamotoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Nobleara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Okaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Onoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Opsisanda'' (''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Pageara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Pantapaara'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Paulara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Pehara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Pereiraara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Phalaerianda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Raganara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ramasamyara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renafinanda'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renanda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renantanda'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Rhynchovanda'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ridleyare'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Robinaria'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ronnyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sanjumeara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sarcovanda'' (''Sarcochilus'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Shigeuraara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Stamariaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sutingara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Teohara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Trevorara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Trichovanda'' (''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vascostylis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandachnis'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Vancampe'' (''Acampe'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandachostylis'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandaenopsis'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandaeranthes'' (''Aeranthes'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandewegheara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandofinides'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandoritis'' (''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vanglossum'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Wilkinsara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Yapara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Yusofara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Yonezawaara'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
Vanda Miss Joaquim
{{Taxonbar, from=Q286061 Vandeae genera Epiphytic orchids
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
in the orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowerin ...
family, Orchidaceae
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...
. There are about 87 species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...
, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among the most specifically adapted of all orchids within the Orchidaceae. The genus is highly prized in horticulture for its showy, fragrant, long-lasting, and intensely colorful flowers.The Orchids, Natural History and Classification, Robert L. Dressler. ''Vanda'' species are widespread across East Asia
East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both Geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The modern State (polity), states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. ...
, Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...
, and New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr ...
, with a few species extending into Queensland
)
, nickname = Sunshine State
, image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, establishe ...
and some of the islands of the western Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...
.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families/ref>
Biology
The name "Vanda" is derived from theSanskrit
Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...
(वन्दाका) name for the species ''Vanda roxburghii'' (a synonym of '' Vanda tessellata'').
These mostly epiphytic
An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...
, but sometimes lithophytic
Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. They can be classified as either epilithic (or epipetric) or endolithic; epilithic lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic lithophytes grow in the crevices of rocks (and are als ...
or terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...
orchids, are distributed in India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
, Himalaya
The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
, Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...
, Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
, the Philippines
The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no),
* bik, Republika kan Filipinas
* ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas
* cbk, República de Filipinas
* hil, Republ ...
, New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Located in Oceania in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is separated from Australia by the wide Torr ...
, southern China, and northern Australia.
The genus has a monopodial
Vascular plants with monopodial growth habits grow upward from a single point. They add leaves to the apex each year and the stem grows longer accordingly. The word ''Monopodial'' is derived from Greek "mono-", ''one'' and "podial", "foot", in refe ...
growth habit with flat, typically broad, ovoid leaves (strap-leaves). Species with cylindrical (terete), fleshy leaves, which are adapted to dry periods were transferred to the genus Papilionanthe
''Papilionanthe'' (abbreviated ''Ple.'') is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, southern China, and the Indian Subcontinent.
Species
*''Papilionanthe biswasiana'' (Ghose & Mukerjee) G ...
. The stems of these orchids vary considerably in size; some are miniature plants and some have a length of several meters. The plants can become quite massive in habitat and in cultivation, and epiphytic species possess very large, rambling aerial root systems. The roots have pneumatodes.
The few to many flattened flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...
s grow on a lateral inflorescence
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphology (biology), Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of sperma ...
. Most show a yellow-brown color with brown markings, but they also appear in white, green, orange, red, and burgundy shades. The lip
The lips are the visible body part at the mouth of many animals, including humans. Lips are soft, movable, and serve as the opening for food intake and in the articulation of sound and speech. Human lips are a tactile sensory organ, and can be ...
has a small spur. ''Vanda'' species usually bloom every few months and the flowers last for two to three weeks.
Many ''Vanda'' orchids (especially ''V. coerulea'') are endangered, and have never been common because they are usually only infrequently encountered in habitat and grow only in disturbed forest areas with high light levels, and are severely threatened and vulnerable to habitat destruction. The export of wild-collected specimens of the blue orchid (''V. coerulea'') and other wild ''Vanda'' species is prohibited worldwide, as all orchids are listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
CITES (shorter name for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of interna ...
.
Cultivation
This genus is one of the five most horticulturally important orchid genera, because it has some of the most magnificent flowers to be found in the orchid family. This has contributed much to the work of hybridists producing flowers for the cut flower market. ''V. coerulea'' is one of the few botanical orchids which can produce varieties with blue flowers (actually a very bluish purple), a property much appreciated for producing interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. The color blue is rare among orchids, and only ''Thelymitra crinita
''Thelymitra crinita'', commonly known as the blue lady orchid, queen orchid or lily orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single broad, oval leaf and up to fifteen brilliant blue flower ...
'', a terrestrial species from Australia, produces flowers that are truly "blue" among the orchids, the other being ''Aganisia cyanea
''Aganisia cyanea'' (formerly ''Acacallis cyanea'') is a showy species of orchid native to Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil and widely cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. It is remarkable because some cultivars of this species produce blue ...
'', a lowland species from northern South America that is difficult to cultivate, but has metallic blue flowers. Both of these species, much like ''Vanda'', also have a bluish-purple tint towards the inner petals of the flowers.
''Vanda dearei'' is one of the chief sources of yellow color in ''Vanda'' hybrids.
The plants do not possess pseudobulbs, but do possess leathery, drought-resistant leaves. Almost all of the species in this genus are very large epiphytes found in disturbed areas in habitat and prefer very high light levels, the plants having large root systems. Some of these species have a monopodial vine-like growth habit, and the plants can quickly become quite massive.
These plants prefer consistent conditions day-to-day in cultivation to avoid dropping their bottom leaves. The epiphytic species are best accommodated in large wooden baskets, bare rooted, which allows for the large aerial root systems. Disturbing or damaging the roots of large, mature vandaceous orchid plants, and in particular, ''Vanda'' and ''Aerides
''Aerides'', known commonly as cat's-tail orchids and fox brush orchids, is a genus belonging to the orchid family (Orchidaceae, subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Vandeae, subtribe Aeridinae). It is a group of tropical epiphyte orchids that gr ...
'' species, can result in the plants failing to flower and going into decline for a season or more. These plants do not tolerate disturbance or damage of their root systems in cultivation when they become mature. The terete-leaved terrestrial species are very easy to cultivate.
When grown bare-rooted, the epiphytic species require daily watering and weekly feeding and are very heavy feeders in cultivation. They can be grown out-of-doors in Hawaii and the like provided they are given some shade.
Fungal infections
Unfortunately fungal infections are not uncommon in cultivated plants. A variety of phytopathogens may infect ''Vanda'' orchids. Vandas may be affected by ''Fusarium'' wilt. This disease is characterized by purple discolouration in the vascular tissue, which results in the loss of their function. The hyphae and spores block the conductor vessels. Affected plants may superficially appear healthy, as they continue to grow, the oldest parts of the plants can be affected and the disease will eventually progress throughout the entire plant. If cutting tools are not sterilized the infection may spread to other plants.
Systematics
In a recent molecular study of the genus ''Vanda'' , several Genera including the former Genus ''Ascocentrum'', ''Neofinetia'' and ''Euanthe'' were brought into synonym with ''Vanda'',Species
The following is a list of ''Vanda'' species recognised by theWorld Checklist of Selected Plant Families
The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (usually abbreviated to WCSP) is an "international collaborative programme that provides the latest peer reviewed and published opinions on the accepted scientific names and synonyms of selected pla ...
as at January 2019:
*''Vanda aliceae
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda alpina'' (Himalaya
The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
to China - S. Yunnan
Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the C ...
)
*''Vanda × amoena
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda ampullacea
''Vanda ampullacea'' is a perennial epiphytic orchid found in southeast Asia from Nepal to China (southern Yunnan) and India, including the eastern Himalayas. It has had various classifications, initially called ''Aerides ampullacea'' by William ...
''
*'' Vanda arbuthnotiana'' (India)
*'' Vanda arcuata'' (Indonesia - Sulawesi)
*'' Vanda aurantiaca''
**''Vanda aurantiaca'' subsp. ''aurantiaca''
**''Vanda aurantiaca'' subsp. ''philippinensis''
*''Vanda aurea
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda barnesii
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (North Luzon, Philippines)
*''Vanda bensonii
''Vanda bensonii'' is a species of orchid found from Assam to Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Penin ...
'' (Assam to Thailand)
*'' Vanda bicolor'' (Bhutan)
*''Vanda bidupensis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Vietnam)
*''Vanda × boumaniae
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda brunnea'' (China - Yunnan to Indo-China)
*'' Vanda celebica'' (Indonesia – Sulawesi)
*'' Vanda × charlesworthii''
*'' Vanda chlorosantha'' (Bhutan)
*'' Vanda christensoniana''
*'' Vanda coerulea'' : "Blue Orchid" (Assam to China - S. Yunnan)
*''Vanda coerulescens
''Vanda coerulescens'', also known as sky-blue vanda, is a species of monopodial orchid native to Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India, eastern Himalayas, southern Yunnan province in China, Myanmar and Thailand.
Description
The average height of ...
'' (Arunachal Pradesh to China - S. Yunnan)
*''Vanda concolor
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and ...
'' (S. China to Vietnam)
*''Vanda × confusa
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda cootesii
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda cristata'' (Himalaya to China - NW. Yunnan)
*'' Vanda curvifolia''
*'' Vanda dearei'' (Borneo)
*''Vanda denisoniana
''Vanda denisoniana'' is a species of orchid found from China (Yunnan) to northern Indochina. It was named after William Denison, 1st Earl of Londesborough, Lady Ida Emily Augusta Denison, an orchid enthusiast.
References
External links
...
'' (China - Yunnan to N. Indo-China)
*'' Vanda devoogtii'' (Sulawesi)
*''Vanda dives
''Vanda dives'' is a species of epiphytic orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, ...
'' (Vietnam, Laos)
*''Vanda falcata
''Vanda falcata'', the wind orchid, is a species of orchid found in China, Korea, and Japan. It was formerly classified in the genus ''Neofinetia''.
*风兰 (feng lan) China (N Fujian, S Gansu, SW Hubei, W Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang)
*풍란 (pu ...
'' (Japan, China, Korea)
*'' Vanda flabellata'' (Rolfe ex Downie) Christenson, 1985
*''Vanda foetida
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (S. Sumatra)
*'' Vanda frankieana''
*''Vanda funingensis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda furva
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Java, Maluku)
*''Vanda fuscoviridis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the Orchidaceae, orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considere ...
'' (S. China to Vietnam)
*''Vanda garayi
''Vanda garayi'', or Garay's ascocentrum, is a small monopodial epiphytic orchid native to semi-deciduous and deciduous dry lowland forests of Thailand, Laos, and Sumatra.
Description
''Vanda garayi'' is a small (rarely larger than 15 c ...
''
*''Vanda gibbsiae
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda gracilis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda griffithii
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (E. Himalaya)
*''Vanda hastifera
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Borneo)
*''Vanda helvola
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (W. Malaysia to Philippines)
*'' Vanda hindsii'' (Papuasia
Papuasia is a Level 2 botanical region defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in the Melanesia ecoregion of Oceania and Tropical Asia.
It comprises the ...
to N. Queensland)
*''Vanda insignis
''Vanda insignis'' is a species of orchid endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands
The Lesser Sunda Islands or nowadays known as Nusa Tenggara Islands ( id, Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara, formerly ) are an archipelago in Maritime Southeast Asia, nort ...
'' (Lesser Sunda Is.)
*''Vanda insularum
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda jainii
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Assam)
*'' Vanda javierae'' (Philippines - Luzon)
*'' Vanda jennae'' P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm., 2005
*''Vanda lamellata
''Vanda lamellata'' is a species of orchid found from the Japanese Ryukyu Islands ( Senkaku-gunto), Taiwan ( Lan Yü), to the Philippines, and northern Malaysian Borneo
Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world a ...
'' (Taiwan, Philippines, Sabah)
**''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''boxallii''
**''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''lamellata''
**''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''remediosae''
*'' Vanda lilacina'' (China - Yunnan to Indo-China)
*'' Vanda limbata'' (Java, Lesser Sunda Is., Philippines - Mindanao)
*''Vanda liouvillei
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Assam to Indo-China)
*''Vanda lombokensis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Lesser Sunda Is.)
*''Vanda longitepala
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda luzonica
''Vanda luzonica'' is a species of vanda, a flower of the orchid family. It is a rare type of orchid and is endangered. ''Vanda luzonica'' is named after the island of Luzon in the Philippines.
''Vanda luzonica'' is epiphytic and can grow quite ...
'' (Philippines - Luzon)
*''Vanda malipoensis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda mariae
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda merrillii'' (Philippines)
*''Vanda metusalae
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm. (2008)
*''Vanda mindanoensis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda miniata
''Vanda miniata'', the rust-red ascocentrum, is a species of orchid found in Assam, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Java, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra. It was formerly known as ''Ascocentrum miniatum'' and was the type species of the genus ''Ascocent ...
''
*''Vanda motesiana
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda nana''
*'' Vanda perplexa''
*'' Vanda petersiana'' (Myanmar)
*''Vanda pumila
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Nepal to Hainan and N. Sumatra)
*''Vanda punctata
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Pen. Malaysia)
*'' Vanda richardsiana''
*''Vanda roeblingiana
''Vanda roeblingiana'', Roebelen's vanda, is a species of orchid endemic to the mountain provinces of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Hugh Low, a British colonial administrator and naturalist introduced the plant to London in 1893. The n ...
'' (Philippines - Luzon)
*''Vanda rubra
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the Orchidaceae, orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considere ...
''
*'' Vanda sanderiana''
*''Vanda saxatilis
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda scandens'' (Borneo, Philippines - Mindanao)
*''Vanda semiteretifolia
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*''Vanda stangeana
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (India - Arunachal Pradesh to Assam)
*''Vanda subconcolor
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (China - SW. Yunnan to Hainan)
*''Vanda sumatrana
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
'' (Sumatra)
*'' Vanda tessellata'' (Indian subcontinent to Indo-China)
*'' Vanda testacea'' (Indian subcontinent to SC. China).
*'' Vanda thwaitesii'' (S. India, Sri Lanka)
*'' Vanda tricolor'' (Laos, Java, Bali)
**''Vanda tricolor'' var. ''suavis''
**''Vanda tricolor'' var. ''tricolor''
*''Vanda ustii
''Vanda ustii'', the University of Santo Tomas' vanda, is an orchid species found only in the Philippines. It is named after the University of Santo Tomas or U.S.T.The Orchids of the Philippines
''Orchids of the Philippines'' is a book by Jim C ...
'' (Philippines - Luzon)
*''Vanda vietnamica
''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...
''
*'' Vanda vipanii'' (Myanmar)
*'' Vanda wightii'' (S. India)
*'' Vanda xichangensis''
Natural hybrids
*''Vanda × boumaniae'' (''V. insignis'' × ''V. limbata'') (Lesser Sunda Is.) *''Vanda × charlesworthii'' (''V. bensonii'' × ''V. coerulea'') (Myanmar) *''Vanda × confusa'' (''V. coerulescens'' × ''V. lilacina'') (Myanmar) *''Vanda × hebraica'' (''V. denisoniana'' × ''V. brunnea'') (Myanmar)Motes, M., Gardiner, L. M., & Roberts, D. L. (2016). The identity of spotted Vanda denisoniana. Orchid Review, 124(1316), 228-233.Intergeneric hybrids
The following is a list of hybrid genera (nothogenera) in which hybrids vandas with orchids of other genera are placed although many of these are invalid because of recent taxonomic changes. For instance, × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' x ''Vanda'') and × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Vanda'' x ''Neofinetia'') are no longer valid because both ''Ascocentrum'' and ''Neofinetia'' have been reduced to synonyms of Vanda by RHS, which is in charge of the International Orchid Register:
* × ''Aeridovanda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Aeridovanisia'' (''Aerides'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Alphonsoara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Andrewara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Aranda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ascovandoritis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Bokchoonara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Bovornara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Burkillara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Charlieara'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Christieara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Darwinara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Debruyneara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Devereuxara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Eastonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Gastrochilus'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Fujiora'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Goffara'' (''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Hawaiiara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Hagerara'' (''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Himoriara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Holttumara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Isaoara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Joannara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Kagawara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Knappara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Knudsonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Leeara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Luisanda'' (''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Luivanetia'' (''Luisia'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Lewisara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Maccoyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Macekara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Micholitzara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Moirara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Mokara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Nakamotoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Nobleara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Okaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Onoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Opsisanda'' (''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Pageara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Pantapaara'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Paulara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Pehara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Pereiraara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Phalaerianda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Raganara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ramasamyara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renafinanda'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renanda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Renantanda'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Rhynchovanda'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ridleyare'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Robinaria'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Ronnyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sanjumeara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sarcovanda'' (''Sarcochilus'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Shigeuraara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Stamariaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Sutingara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Teohara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Trevorara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Trichovanda'' (''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vascostylis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandachnis'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Vancampe'' (''Acampe'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandachostylis'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandaenopsis'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandaeranthes'' (''Aeranthes'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandewegheara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandofinides'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vandoritis'' (''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Vanglossum'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Wilkinsara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'')
* × ''Yapara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Yusofara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'')
* × ''Yonezawaara'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')
References
Further reading
* Grove, D. L. 1995. Vandas and Ascocendas. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. 241 pp. * Motes, Martin R., and Alan L. Hoffman. 1997 Vandas, Their botany, history and culture.External links
* *Vanda Miss Joaquim
{{Taxonbar, from=Q286061 Vandeae genera Epiphytic orchids