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Todenham is a village and civil parish in the
Cotswold The Cotswolds (, ) is a region in central-southwest England, along a range of rolling hills that rise from the meadows of the upper Thames to an escarpment above the Severn Valley and Evesham Vale. The area is defined by the bedrock of Juras ...
district of Gloucestershire, England. The village is significant for its Grade I listed 14th-century parish church.


History

Todenham, 'Todanhom' in 804 (in the kingdom of Mercia) and 'Teodeham' in 1086, derives from the
Old English Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Anglo ...
for an "enclosed valley of a man called Teoda" the 'ham' part referring to "...land hemmed in by water or marsh or higher ground..."."History"
Todenham Parish Council. Retrieved 7 October 2019
In 804 the Benedictine monastery at
Deerhurst Deerhurst is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, about southwest of Tewkesbury. The village is on the east bank of the River Severn. The parish includes the village of Apperley and the hamlet of Deerhurst Walton. The 2011 ...
, Deerhurst Priory, acquired Todenham
manor Manor may refer to: Land ownership *Manorialism or "manor system", the method of land ownership (or "tenure") in parts of medieval Europe, notably England *Lord of the manor, the owner of an agreed area of land (or "manor") under manorialism *Man ...
from Ethelric, the son of Ethelmund. The priory, and therefore the manor of Todenham, then passed to king
Edward the Confessor Edward the Confessor ; la, Eduardus Confessor , ; ( 1003 – 5 January 1066) was one of the last Anglo-Saxon English kings. Usually considered the last king of the House of Wessex, he ruled from 1042 to 1066. Edward was the son of Æth ...
, who willed it to Westminster Abbey."Deerhurst"
''A History of the County of Gloucester'' vol. 8, ed. C R Elrington (London, 1968), pp.34–49. Retrieved 7 October 2019
"Toddenham"
''A History of the County of Gloucester'' Volume 6, ed. C R Elrington (London, 1965), pp. 250-258. Retrieved 7 October 2019
Todenham in the '' Domesday Book'' is listed as being in the
Deerhurst Deerhurst is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, about southwest of Tewkesbury. The village is on the east bank of the River Severn. The parish includes the village of Apperley and the hamlet of Deerhurst Walton. The 2011 ...
Hundred of Gloucestershire. The settlement contained 59 villagers, 54 smallholders (middle level of
serf Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism, and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery, which developed ...
below a villager), and 51 slaves. There were ploughlands for 24.5 lord's plough teams and 28 men's plough teams. Resources were of meadow, a woodland of 0.5 leagues, and four mills. Three of the mills may have been included as part of the wider Deerhurst manor. Major lordship in 1066 was held by Westminster Abbey, which retained it in 1086 after the Norman conquest, while becoming Tenant-in-chief to king William I. In the second half of the 19th century, and up to the First World War, Todenham was in the Eastern division of Gloucestershire, the upper division of the Hundred of Westminster, the
petty sessional division A petty sessional division was, in England and Wales, the area that a magistrates' court had jurisdiction over (before the abolition of quarter sessions, specifically the petty sessions). Petty sessional divisions were gradually consolidated in ...
of Moreton-in-Marsh, and the Unionpoor relief provision set up under the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834—and county court district of Shipston-on-Stour. It had a railway station on the line of the Oxford and Worcester section of the
Great Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company that linked London with the southwest, west and West Midlands of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament on 31 August 1835 and ran ...
.''Post Office Directory of Gloucestershire, Bath & Bristol'' (1856) pp.377, 378''Kelly's Directory of Gloucestershire'' (1897) pp.336, 337
A Topographical Dictionary of England
', Samuel Lewis (London, 1845), vol. IV, p.366
The ecclesiastical parish was in the rural deanery of Campden and the archdeaconry of Cirencester, in the Diocese of Gloucester. The parish church was described as of Decorated style, containing a chancel with chantry chapel on north side, a nave of three
bays A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a gulf, sea, sound, or bight. A cove is a small, circular bay with a narr ...
, a south chapel within the nave, a north aisle, a south porch, and a tower with six bells and a clock. Recorded were stone sedilia with canopies and a piscina, and remains of stairs to a former
rood loft The rood screen (also choir screen, chancel screen, or jubé) is a common feature in late medieval church architecture. It is typically an ornate partition between the chancel and nave, of more or less open tracery constructed of wood, stone, o ...
. The chancel chantry chapel was the family pew of the Pole family. Nave south chapel, with canopied piscina and credence, contains a monument to Lady Louisa Pole (died 6 August 1852). The decorated-style chancel east window included a stained glass memorial (erected 1879) to Rev Gilbert Malcolm, parish
rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
from 1812. The chancel has an inscribed brass memorial to William Moulton (died 1614). The church was restored in 1879 for £600 'Kelly's'' 1897or £2,000 'Kelly's'' 1914 There was seating for 150.''Kelly's Directory of Gloucestershire'' (1914) p.854 The church register dates to 1721, and includes a list of former rectors going back farther. A significant rector was
Thomas Merke Thomas Merke (or Merks; died 1409) was an English priest and Bishop of Carlisle from 1397 to 1400. Educated at Oxford University, Merke became a Benedictine monk at Westminster Abbey and was consecrated bishop about 23 April 1397.Fryde, et al. ' ...
s (1397-1403), 'abbot of Westminster' 'Kelly's'' then
Bishop of Carlisle The Bishop of Carlisle is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle in the Province of York. The diocese covers the county of Cumbria except for Alston Moor and the former Sedbergh Rural District. The see is in the city of Car ...
(1397-1400), who was 'degraded' by Henry IV for his support of
Richard II Richard II (6 January 1367 – ), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. He was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan, Countess of Kent. Richard's father died ...
. The parish living was a rectory which included of glebe—an area of land used to support a parish priest—and a residence, under the
patronage Patronage is the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another. In the history of art, arts patronage refers to the support that kings, popes, and the wealthy have provided to artists su ...
of the Bishop of Gloucester. The parish priest in 1882 was also vicar of
Lower Lemington Lower Lemington is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Batsford, in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. The village is about north-east of Moreton-in-Marsh. Lower Lemington lies east of the Fosse Way, ...
, but not in residence at Todenham. Todenham manor had belonged in 1542 to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, then in 1545 to the
Petre family Petre is a surname and given name derived from Peter. Notable persons with that name include: People with the given name Petre * Charles Petre Eyre (1817–1902), English Roman Catholic prelate * Ion Petre Stoican (circa 1930–1990), Romanian vi ...
of Essex after it was given to William Petre, the Tudor Secretary of State. It was retained by the Petre family until 1783, when it was sold to the Pole family who originated in Derbyshire, and who are descended from Cardinal Reginald Pole (1500-1558), the last Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, and son to Sir Richard Pole and Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury.
Lordship of the manor Lord of the Manor is a title that, in Anglo-Saxon England, referred to the landholder of a rural estate. The lord enjoyed manorial rights (the rights to establish and occupy a residence, known as the manor house and demesne) as well as seig ...
resided with this branch of the Poles until 1951. The Pole family seat was Todenham House in the village, in 1856 occupied by Sir Peter Van Notten-Pole, 3rd Baronet (1801–1887), and in 1897 by Sir Cecil Pery Van Notten-Pole, 4th Baronet (1863–1948) JP. There was a new National School, built in 1874 for 100 children, with an 1897 average attendance 23 boys and 27 girls including infants. At the beginning of the 20th century this was now a Public Elementary School (
Education Act 1902 The Education Act 1902 ( 2 Edw. 7 c. 42), also known as the Balfour Act, was a highly controversial Act of Parliament that set the pattern of elementary education in England and Wales for four decades. It was brought to Parliament by a Conservat ...
), with an average attendance of 50. There had been no parish school in the late 17th century, but an endowment of £20 in 1704 was given for the education of poor children, these to be selected by the rector and churchwardens. A previous National school, which was subscription, fee and rector financed, existed from the early to mid-19th century in a rented building. Parish area in the 19th century was , with soil of clay and gravel over a subsoil of clay and
oolite Oolite or oölite (''egg stone'') is a sedimentary rock formed from ooids, spherical grains composed of concentric layers. The name derives from the Ancient Greek word for egg (ᾠόν). Strictly, oolites consist of ooids of diameter 0.25–2 ...
limestone. Parish population in 1851 was 462; in 1891, 349; and in 1911, 262. Directory listing of trades and occupations in 1856 included Mount Sorrel, Woodhills and Lower Cerrington farms. In all there were nine farmers, a shoemaker, a plasterer & slater, a wheelwright, a blacksmith, a beer retailer, a
mason Mason may refer to: Occupations * Mason, brick mason, or bricklayer, a craftsman who lays bricks to construct brickwork, or who lays any combination of stones, bricks, cinder blocks, or similar pieces * Stone mason, a craftsman in the stone-cut ...
, a butcher, two shopkeepers one of whom was the postmaster, and four carpenters, three of whom were in the same family. There was also the licensee of the Farriers' Arms, and an agent for Sir Peter Pole. Although there was a post office, the nearest money-order office was at Moreton-in-Marsh.''Bristol Post Office Directory & Gazetteer'' (1859) p.488 By 1897 the post office is listed as a Post, Telegraph & Express Delivery Office, with letters posted and received through Moreton-in-Marsh. Two carriers—transporters of trade goods, with sometimes people, between different settlements—operated between Todenham and Shipston-on-Stour on Saturdays. Parish traders and occupations then listed included 14 farmers, one of whom was also one of the carriers, a miller to Sir Cecil Pery Van Notten-Pole who also employed an agent, a blacksmith, a decorator, a carpenter, two shopkeepers, and the licensee of the Farriers' Arms. Businesses included a firm of wheelwrights & carpenters, and the Todenham Brick & Tile Works. There was a secretary to the Cirencester Working Men's Conservative Association
Benefit Society A benefit society, fraternal benefit society, fraternal benefit order, friendly society, or mutual aid society is a society, an organization or a voluntary association formed to provide mutual aid, benefit, for instance insurance for relief fr ...
. The clerk to the parish council was also the assistant overseer. The registrar of births, deaths and marriages for the sub-district of Shipston-on-Stour was also a relieving & vaccination officer, and the collector to the guardians of Shipston-on-Stour union. In 1914 occupations remained much as previously, but with three fewer farmers listed and only one shopkeeper. A wheelwright is listed, not as part of a company, as is a cow keeper and a steam plough owner. The post office also now served as the local Telephone Call Office.


Governance

From 1894 to 1935 Todenham was part of Campden Rural District after which, in 1974, part of
North Cotswold Rural District North Cotswold was, from 1935 to 1974, a rural district in the administrative county of Gloucestershire, England. Formation Under the Local Government Act 1929 county councils were given the duty of reviewing the districts within their county. G ...
, which was abolished under the 1972 Local Government Act. Today lowest level administration is through Todenham Parish Council with seven elected councillors, whose remit includes overseeing the maintenance of bus shelters, grass verges, and notice boards, and planning application consultation. The next higher tier of government is Cotswold District Council, above this,
Gloucestershire County Council Gloucestershire County Council is a county council which administers the most strategic local government services in the non-metropolitan county of Gloucestershire, in the South West of England. The council's principal functions are county road ...
. Todenham is represented in the UK Parliament House of Commons as part of the
Cotswolds The Cotswolds (, ) is a region in central-southwest England, along a range of rolling hills that rise from the meadows of the upper Thames to an escarpment above the Severn Valley and Evesham Vale. The area is defined by the bedrock of Jur ...
constituency, its sitting MP being Geoffrey Clifton-Brown of the
Conservative Party The Conservative Party is a name used by many political parties around the world. These political parties are generally right-wing though their exact ideologies can range from center-right to far-right. Political parties called The Conservative P ...
. For the European Parliament, representation was through the South West England constituency,
MEP MEP may refer to: Organisations and politics * Mahajana Eksath Peramuna, a political party in Sri Lanka * Mahajana Eksath Peramuna (1956), a former political alliance in Sri Lanka * Maison européenne de la photographie, a photography centre ...
s in 2019 being Ann Widdecombe,
James Glancy James Alexander Glancy, (born August 1982) is a British television presenter and conservationist. He formerly served as a member of the Royal Marine Commandos and was a Brexit Party Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for South West England ...
and
Christina Jordan Christina Sheila Jordan is a Malaysian-born British politician. She served as a Brexit Party Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for South West England from 2019 to 2020. Early life Christina Sheila Jordan was born in Malaysia. She worked ...
for the Brexit Party;
Caroline Voaden Caroline Jane Voaden is a British politician and international journalist, who served as leader of the Liberal Democrats in the European Parliament from 2019 to 2020, and was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the South West England ...
and Martin Horwood for the Liberal Democrats; and Molly Scott Cato for the
Green Party A green party is a formally organized political party based on the principles of green politics, such as social justice, environmentalism and nonviolence. Greens believe that these issues are inherently related to one another as a foundation ...
.


Geography and community

Todenham civil parish approximates an oval in shape and is orientated north-east to south-west, approximately east to west at its widest, and north-east to south-west, and at the extreme north-east corner of Gloucestershire. It is bordered by the Warwickshire parishes of
Stretton-on-Fosse Stretton-on-Fosse is a village in the Stratford District in Warwickshire, England. It is situated between the towns of Moreton-in-Marsh and Shipston-on-Stour. The village is situated along the ancient Fosse Way road which runs from Exeter ...
and
Tidmington Tidmington is a village and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon District of Warwickshire, England. It is south from the town of Stratford-upon-Avon, and at the extreme southern edge of the county bordering Gloucestershire. Within the parish i ...
(the boundaries formed by Knee Brook, a tributary of the River Stour), Burmington at the north, and Little Wolford and Great Wolford at the south-east. The River Stour at the north-east forms the parish boundary with Burmington. Adjacent Gloucestershire parishes are and
Blockley Blockley is a village, civil parish and ecclesiastical parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England, about northwest of Moreton-in-Marsh. Until 1931 Blockley was an exclave of Worcestershire. The civil and ecclesiastical parish ...
(north-west) and
Batsford Batsford is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. The village is about 1½ miles north-west of Moreton-in-Marsh. There is a falconry centre close to the village and Batsford Arboretum is nearby, ...
(west) with borders defined by the streams Wolford Brook and Lemington Brook which run into Knee brook, and Moreton-in-Marsh at the south-west. The
county town In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a county town is the most important town or city in a county. It is usually the location of administrative or judicial functions within a county and the place where the county's members of Parliament are elect ...
and city of Gloucester is to the south-west. Closest towns to Todenham village are Moreton-in-Marsh 3 miles to the south-west, and Shipston-on-Stour 3 miles to the north-east.Extracted fro
"Todenham"
Grid Reference Finder
Extracted fro
"Todenham"
''GetOutside'', Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 6 October 2019
Extracted fro
"Todenham"
civil parish boundary, Google Maps. Retrieved 6 October 2019
The parish is entirely rural, of farms, fields, coppice woodland, lakes, dispersed businesses and residential properties, the only nucleated settlement being the village of Todenham. At the south-west of the parish, and next to the hamlet of Lower Lemington in Batsford, is a complex of commercial fishing lakes. Within the village is a village hall, The Farriers Arms public house next to St Thomas a Becket Church, a car hire company, and two bed & breakfast establishments; in the wider parish is a garden centre, at the east, and to the west of the village, an oriental craft products supplier. The principal road is Todenham Road which runs through the village, where it is called Main Street, and the whole length of the centre of the parish from the A3400 road at the north-east to Moreton-in-Marsh at the south-west. Two minor roads at the centre of the parish meet Todenham Road and lead to Great Wolford at the south-east and to the
A429 A4 most often refers to: *A4 paper, a paper size defined by the ISO 216 standard, measuring 210 × 297 mm A4 and variants may also refer to: Science and mathematics * British NVC community A4 (''Hydrocharis morsus-ranae - Stratiotes aloide ...
(
Fosse Way The Fosse Way was a Roman road built in Britain during the first and second centuries AD that linked Isca Dumnoniorum (Exeter) in the southwest and Lindum Colonia (Lincoln) to the northeast, via Lindinis (Ilchester), Aquae Sulis ( Bath), Corini ...
) at the north-west. The nearest railway station is at Moreton-in Marsh on the Cotswold Line of the
Great Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company that linked London with the southwest, west and West Midlands of England and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament on 31 August 1835 and ran ...
. Bus services connect Todenham to Shipston-on-Stour, Moreton-in Marsh,
Stretton-on-Fosse Stretton-on-Fosse is a village in the Stratford District in Warwickshire, England. It is situated between the towns of Moreton-in-Marsh and Shipston-on-Stour. The village is situated along the ancient Fosse Way road which runs from Exeter ...
, Burmington, Great and Little Wolford, Bourton-on-the-Hill, and Chipping Norton.


Landmarks

Within Todenham is one Grade I, and 21 Grade II listed buildings and structures. The Grade I St Thomas a Becket Church (listed 1960), is largely 14th-century, of limestone, comprising a tower with octagonal spire, nave, chancel, chancel north chapel, north aisle, south transept, south porch, and vestry. A restoration of the early 16th century included the addition of the north chapel. Further restoration in 1879 was undertaken by
J. E. K. Cutts John Edward Knight Cutts (1847–1938) FRIBA was a prolific church architect in England. Background Cutts was born on 20 March 1847 in Lenton, Nottingham, the son of Edward Lewes Cutts and Mary Ann Elizabeth Knight. Cutts attended the Felsted S ...
. The church contains 14th-century piscina and sedilia, traces of medieval wall painting, a 12th-century
font In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a "sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In mod ...
, an 18th- to early 19th-century pulpit, 19th-century
stained glass Stained glass is coloured glass as a material or works created from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant religious buildings. Although tradition ...
, an 18th-century engraving of
Thomas Merke Thomas Merke (or Merks; died 1409) was an English priest and Bishop of Carlisle from 1397 to 1400. Educated at Oxford University, Merke became a Benedictine monk at Westminster Abbey and was consecrated bishop about 23 April 1397.Fryde, et al. ' ...
, Todenham rector and former
Bishop of Carlisle The Bishop of Carlisle is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle in the Province of York. The diocese covers the county of Cumbria except for Alston Moor and the former Sedbergh Rural District. The see is in the city of Car ...
, and various monuments and memorials to members of the Van Notten-Pole family who were late 18th- to 20th-century
lords Lords may refer to: * The plural of Lord Places *Lords Creek, a stream in New Hanover County, North Carolina * Lord's, English Cricket Ground and home of Marylebone Cricket Club and Middlesex County Cricket Club People *Traci Lords (born 1 ...
of Todenham manor. Within the churchyard are four monuments to the Phillips family (two late 18th-century chest tombs and two headstones), one late 18th-century chest tomb to William Harbridge, and an unidentified 17th-century headstone, part of a group. The church is part of the Vale of Moreton St David's benefice of four churches (sharing the same rector), the others being St Mary's at Batsford, St Leonard's at Lower Lemington, and St James' at Longborough. At north-west from the church are Todenham Manor (listed 1985) and The Dower House (listed 1960). The early 19th-century
ashlar Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruv ...
and limestone U-plan Manor house was home to the Pole family. It was enlarged, including new facades, by
Guy Dawber Sir Edward Guy Dawber, RA ( King's Lynn, 3 August 1861 – London, 24 April 1938) was an English architect working in the late Arts and Crafts style, whose work is particularly associated with the Cotswolds. Biography Edward Guy Dawber ...
in 1890. The Dower House is a detached rectangular plan two-storey ashlar-faced house with a 1717 datestone. Opposite the church, on Todenham Road, is the Old Reading Room, or Church View (listed 1960), an 18th-century dressed limestone semi-detached building with a 1713 datestone, mullioned windows and gable
dormer A dormer is a roofed structure, often containing a window, that projects vertically beyond the plane of a pitched roof. A dormer window (also called ''dormer'') is a form of roof window. Dormers are commonly used to increase the usable space ...
s, which was further extended in the 18th and 19th century. Opposite the Old Reading Room, set against the churchyard wall and forming an L-plan with The Farriers public house, is the single storey red brick Blacksmith's Shop (listed 2008), a blacksmith's forge, dating to about 1757, which was extended in the mid- to late 19th century. The interior is separated into three rooms: the left, originally with terracotta tiled floor and with a double door entrance, a forge and two furnaces was likely used to shoe horses. The walls of the rooms have inset projecting iron spikes used to hang forging tools and forged items. Facing the church, between the left of The Blacksmiths Shop and the church lychgate, is a Sir Giles Gilbert Scott-designed cast iron K6 Telephone Kiosk (listed 1988), re-purposed as a book exchange repository. At south-east from the Old Reading Room, and on a private drive off Todenham Road, is Downbank Farmhouse (listed 1960). Dating to the late 17th to early 18th century, it is a rectangular plan two-storey house with wall courses of dressed limestone, mullioned
casement window A casement window is a window that is attached to its frame by one or more hinges at the side. They are used singly or in pairs within a common frame, in which case they are hinged on the outside. Casement windows are often held open using a cas ...
s and gable end chimney stacks. The house has single-storey extensions added in the 19th century: at the left red brick, at the right stone. Firs Farm (listed 1985), on Todenham Road south-west from the church, is a late 17th- to early 18th-century rectangular plan two-storey detached farmhouse with wall courses of dressed limestone, and three three-light mullioned windows with central casements on the first floor, and one off-centre from a central door, on the ground. The front face of the building has a stone lean-to up with to the eaves at the left, with inset mullioned window, and a single storey extension as a farm store to the right. At the south of the village approximately south-west from the church, around the junctions of Todenham Road and the roads to Great Wolford and the Fosse Way, are nine Grade II buildings. Two conjoined houses, nos. 19 and 20 Main Street (listed 1985), dating from the late 17th to the early 18th century, are of dressed limestone, and two-storeyed with mullioned casement windows, with the front facade at right angles to Main Street. A dormer window, a porch at no. 19, and a rear extension are 20th-century additions. Farther south is the former rectory (listed 1985), detached and dating to the 18th and early 19th century, with elements probably from the 17th. The house is of rectangular plan, of two storeys, with hipped roof and garret with dormers. The front facade has five 12-pane
sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels, or "sashes". The individual sashes are traditionally paned window (architecture), paned windows, but can now contain an individual sheet (or sheets, in the case of double gla ...
s and a central porch with six panel double doors. A datestone of 1777 above the front door contains the motto "For envy too small, for contempt too great". The house, of 5,010 sq. ft. of internal space set in of grounds, and described as 'Toddenham Hall', was on the market in 2017 for a guide price of £4.5m. At south from The Rectory at the junction of Todenham Road and the minor road to Fosse Way, is Cliff Cottage (listed 1985), detached and dating to the late 17th- to 18th century. This two-story house in dressed limestone has an entrance plank door offset to the left, each side of which are four stone mullioned windows each of two lights, and six-pane casements, two on the ground floor and two on the first. Above each window bay is a roof gabled dormer, with wood window frames reflecting those below. The central plank tie plate over the upper storey and the offset front portal may be an indication of two cottages converted to one. The detached 18th-century Orchard House (listed 1985), south from Cliff Cottage at the junction of Todenham Road and the minor road to Great Wolford (Wolford Road), is of two storeys in dressed limestone. The offset entrance portal with four-panel door and half-porch overhang, six steps higher than the street pavement level, has two bays of twelve-pane
sash window A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels, or "sashes". The individual sashes are traditionally paned window (architecture), paned windows, but can now contain an individual sheet (or sheets, in the case of double gla ...
s to the left, and one to the right. There are three chimney stacks: one at each gable end and one at eave level between the two left side window bays. On the west side of Todenham Road just inside the southern road entry sign to Todenham are Phillip's Farmhouse and Wyatts Farmhouse (both listed 1985), closely adjacent. Both are two-storey detached houses of dressed limestone, Phillip's, of rectangular plan, dates to the mid-19th century, and Wyatts, T-plan, to the late 17th to early 18th century. Phillip's windows are 19th-century metal casements. Its porch, open sided with hipped roof, with first floor window forms a central
bay A bay is a recessed, coastal body of water that directly connects to a larger main body of water, such as an ocean, a lake, or another bay. A large bay is usually called a Gulf (geography), gulf, sea, sound (geography), sound, or bight (geogra ...
; the bay either side with ground and first floor windows. A chimney stack is at each gable end. Wyatts' windows are stone mullioned, of irregular placement, and of three- and four lights. Farther north, at along the road to Fosse way from its junction with Todenham Road, are two farmhouses, one with a listed barn. Home Farmhouse (listed 1985 with its attached row cottages) dates to the late 18th- to early 19th century, its cottages to the 19th. The range is of dressed limestone, limestone rubble and tile roofs, with one cottage with some red brick infill in English garden wall bond. The farmhouse and its immediate cottage and the cottage at the right end of the range are of two storeys, with a one-storey residence with stable door entrance and ground to eave
picture window A window is an Hole, opening in a wall, door, roof, or vehicle that allows the exchange of light and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes air. Modern windows are usually glazing (window), glazed or covered in some other transparenc ...
between. The farmhouse, at the left of the range, is of three bays, the centre of entrance door and window above, those to the left and right of ground and first floor windows, all stone mullioned of four quartered lights with casements and hood moulds, the ground floor right only being a range of single lights. On the opposite side of the road to home Farmhouse is Dunsden Farmhouse (listed 1960). The rectangular plan detached house, in dressed limestone with limestone slate roof, dates mostly to the late 17th century; a datestone on a rear wing giving 1647. It is of two storeys plus an attic with three casement gable dormers, and with three chimney stacks, one at each gable end and one off-centre left. The fascia is of four bays, with the entrance door in the second bay from right. The window openings are inset with 20th-century mullions, transoms and glazing bars. At north from Dunsden Farmhouse is a barn (listed 1960), in part possibly 17th century, but dated by tie beam initials to 1718 at the time the barn was re-roofed. Altered in the 19th century, it is of elongated rectangular plan, and of dressed limestone with some brick infill and
weather boarding Clapboard (), also called bevel siding, lap siding, and weatherboard, with regional variation in the definition of these terms, is wooden siding of a building in the form of horizontal boards, often overlapping. ''Clapboard'' in modern America ...
. Appearing single storey on its south side, with two ground-to-eave wooden barn doors and a stable door, the north side is two storey, with two ground-to-eave window and floor pier insets. Today the barn is converted to residential use. Listed outside the village in Todenham parish are a further farmhouse and a bridge. Mount Sorrel Farmhouse (listed 1985) is a late 18th- to early 19th-century farmhouse with a mid-19th-century extension, at the extreme southern edge of the parish on the road to Great Wolford (Wolford Road), and south from the village parish church. Its main body facade is of dressed limestone and
ashlar Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruv ...
, of two storeys and attic, and three bays: the central bay of panelled entrance door with first floor window above; the bays left and right of ground floor and first floor windows. All windows are sash with twelve panes. The tiled roof has two gable dormers and a chimney stack at each gable end. The two-storey extension, at the right, which runs at right angles to and projects slightly forward of the main body is in Flemish bond, with door on front face with twelve-pane sash window on the above first floor. Pack horse bridge (listed 1985), over Knee Brook at the northern edge of the parish and north from the village parish church, dates to the 16th century but was rebuilt in the 18th. Constructed of dressed limestone, it is of two arches with central pier.Pack horse bridge
Todenham, Google Maps (image 2019). Retrieved 7 October 2019


References


External links

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"Todenham"
Genuki
Todenham Parish Council
{{authority control Villages in Gloucestershire Civil parishes in Gloucestershire Cotswold District