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Lambrusco (; ) is the name of both an
The most commonly found six Lambrusco varieties are Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Maestri, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Montericco, Lambrusco Salamino, and Lambrusco Sorbara. All of these various Lambrusco grapes are indigenous to Emilia and neither clones nor sub-clones. Most Lambruscos are made from more than one Lambrusco variety and additionally often blended with a number of specific blending grapes (max. 15%), such as Ancellotta (for color), Marzemino, Malbo Gentile, Cabernet Sauvignon (for body and structure), and others. The grape vines are often trained (vine), trained high above the ground to prevent the development of mildew. Historically the vines were trained to climb up Populus, poplar trees. The grape itself is not particularly sweet but many of the commercial Lambrusco versions are sweetened by either partial fermentation (wine), fermentation or with the addition of rectified concentrated grape must. When not fermented sweet, the Lambrusco grape is capable of producing an excellent dry wine with strawberry notes and a slight bitter finish.Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 116 Harcourt Books 2001
By the end of the 20th century, ampelographers had identified over 60 varieties of Lambrusco scattered throughout Italy, including in Piedmont, Sicily and the Veneto. The most widely planted variety is Lambrusco Salamino.
Today, there are various levels of dryness / sweetness, including ''secco'' (bone dry / dry), ''amabile'' (off-dry / sweet) and ''dolce'' (very sweet). Sweet Lambrusco became hugely popular in the United States in the late 1970s-1980s, reaching a high of over 13 million cases exported to the country in 1985. The wine is noted for high acidity and berry flavors. Many of the wines now exported to the United States include a blend of Lambruscos from the different DOCs and are sold under the ''Indicazione Geografica Tipica'' (IGT) designation ''Emilia''.
The wine is rarely made in a "champagne (wine), champagne" (''metodo classico'') style; instead, it is typically made using the Charmat process where a second fermentation is conducted in a pressurized tank.Karen MacNeil, K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 399-400 Workman Publishing 2001
*''Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro'' - The smallest wine-producing region located south of the town of Modena. The region is home to Grasparossa of which the DOC requires 85% of the wine to be composed of lambrusco. The wine of this region is typically dry and body (wine), full bodied with a deep purplish-red coloring. Grasparossa produces the most grape tannins, tannic Lambrusco.
*''Lambrusco Mantovano'' - The only Lambrusco region outside of Emilia Romagna, in the Lombardy region. This style is typically dry, but some semi-dry styles are also made.M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy ''Italian Wines for Dummies'' pg 99 Hungry Minds 2001
*''Lambrusco Reggiano'' - The largest producing region of Lambrusco and the source of most of the exported DOC designated wines. The 4 Lambrusco grapes that can be used are Maestri, Marani, Montericco, and Salamino. Up to 15% of added Ancellotta grapes are permitted in the DOC as well. The sweet versions of the wine are typically in the light bodied frizzante style while the drier wines are more full bodied and darker in color.
*''Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce'' - Located west of the village Sorbara, the wines of this region must be composed of at least 90% of the local Salamino. The wines are typically light in color and body with a frizzante style being both made in both semi-sweet and dry styles. The variety gets its name from the resemblance of the grape clusters to a sausage of salami.
*''Lambrusco di Sorbara'' - Located north of Modena near the village of Sorbara, Sorbara is generally regarded as the highest quality variety producing the most fragrant wines. It has some similarities to Lambrusco Salamino but produces a darker and more full-bodied wine. The color can range from a deep ruby to a purplish hue. In this wine region only Sorbara and Salamino are permitted in the DOC designated wine with at least 60% needing to be Sorbara. The Salamino and Sorbara varieties tend to produce the most acidic wines. One of the reasons why Sorbara tends to produce the highest quality Lambrusco is the tendency of the vine to drop its flowers, which reduces fruit yields and concentrates flavors.
Consortium for the Historic Mark of Modenese Lambrusco
*Eric Asimov '
Lambrusco, No Joke
'' New York Times July 26, 2006
Emilia-Romagna map
with details on Lambrusco wine Italian wine Red wine grape varieties Wine grapes of Italy Sparkling wines Cuisine of Emilia-Romagna
Lambrusco (; ) is the name of both an Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
red wine
Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are m ...
grape
A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus '' Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters.
The cultivation of grapes began perhaps 8,000 years a ...
and a wine made principally from said grape. The grapes and the wine originate from four zones in Emilia-Romagna
egl, Emigliàn (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title ...
and one in Lombardy―principally around the central provinces of Modena, Parma, Reggio-Emilia, and Mantua. The grape has a long winemaking history, with archaeological evidence indicating that the Etruscan civilization, Etruscans cultivated the vine.Jancis Robinson, J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 212 Mitchell Beazley 1986 In Ancient Rome, Roman times Lambrusco was highly valued for its productivity and high crop yield, yields, with Cato the Elder stating that produce of two thirds of an acre could make enough wine to fill 300 amphoras.Jancis Robinson, J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 388-389 Oxford University Press 2006
The most highly rated of its wines are the frizzante (slightly sparkling wine, sparkling) red wines, designed to be drunk young, from one of the eight Lambrusco denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) regions: Colli di Parma Lambrusco, Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce, Reggiano Lambrusco, Colli di Scandiano e Canossa Lambrusco, Modena Lambrusco, and Lambrusco Province of Mantua, Mantovano. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s sweet Lambrusco was the biggest selling import wine in the United States.M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy ''Italian Wines for Dummies'' pg 101-103 Hungry Minds 2001 During that time the wine was also produced in a white and rosé style made by limiting the maceration (wine), skin contact with the must.
Grape
The most commonly found six Lambrusco varieties are Lambrusco Grasparossa, Lambrusco Maestri, Lambrusco Marani, Lambrusco Montericco, Lambrusco Salamino, and Lambrusco Sorbara. All of these various Lambrusco grapes are indigenous to Emilia and neither clones nor sub-clones. Most Lambruscos are made from more than one Lambrusco variety and additionally often blended with a number of specific blending grapes (max. 15%), such as Ancellotta (for color), Marzemino, Malbo Gentile, Cabernet Sauvignon (for body and structure), and others. The grape vines are often trained (vine), trained high above the ground to prevent the development of mildew. Historically the vines were trained to climb up Populus, poplar trees. The grape itself is not particularly sweet but many of the commercial Lambrusco versions are sweetened by either partial fermentation (wine), fermentation or with the addition of rectified concentrated grape must. When not fermented sweet, the Lambrusco grape is capable of producing an excellent dry wine with strawberry notes and a slight bitter finish.Oz Clarke ''Encyclopedia of Grapes'' pg 116 Harcourt Books 2001
By the end of the 20th century, ampelographers had identified over 60 varieties of Lambrusco scattered throughout Italy, including in Piedmont, Sicily and the Veneto. The most widely planted variety is Lambrusco Salamino.
Italian wine
Today, there are various levels of dryness / sweetness, including ''secco'' (bone dry / dry), ''amabile'' (off-dry / sweet) and ''dolce'' (very sweet). Sweet Lambrusco became hugely popular in the United States in the late 1970s-1980s, reaching a high of over 13 million cases exported to the country in 1985. The wine is noted for high acidity and berry flavors. Many of the wines now exported to the United States include a blend of Lambruscos from the different DOCs and are sold under the ''Indicazione Geografica Tipica'' (IGT) designation ''Emilia''.
The wine is rarely made in a "champagne (wine), champagne" (''metodo classico'') style; instead, it is typically made using the Charmat process where a second fermentation is conducted in a pressurized tank.Karen MacNeil, K. MacNeil ''The Wine Bible'' pg 399-400 Workman Publishing 2001
Wine regions
*''Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro'' - The smallest wine-producing region located south of the town of Modena. The region is home to Grasparossa of which the DOC requires 85% of the wine to be composed of lambrusco. The wine of this region is typically dry and body (wine), full bodied with a deep purplish-red coloring. Grasparossa produces the most grape tannins, tannic Lambrusco.
*''Lambrusco Mantovano'' - The only Lambrusco region outside of Emilia Romagna, in the Lombardy region. This style is typically dry, but some semi-dry styles are also made.M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy ''Italian Wines for Dummies'' pg 99 Hungry Minds 2001
*''Lambrusco Reggiano'' - The largest producing region of Lambrusco and the source of most of the exported DOC designated wines. The 4 Lambrusco grapes that can be used are Maestri, Marani, Montericco, and Salamino. Up to 15% of added Ancellotta grapes are permitted in the DOC as well. The sweet versions of the wine are typically in the light bodied frizzante style while the drier wines are more full bodied and darker in color.
*''Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce'' - Located west of the village Sorbara, the wines of this region must be composed of at least 90% of the local Salamino. The wines are typically light in color and body with a frizzante style being both made in both semi-sweet and dry styles. The variety gets its name from the resemblance of the grape clusters to a sausage of salami.
*''Lambrusco di Sorbara'' - Located north of Modena near the village of Sorbara, Sorbara is generally regarded as the highest quality variety producing the most fragrant wines. It has some similarities to Lambrusco Salamino but produces a darker and more full-bodied wine. The color can range from a deep ruby to a purplish hue. In this wine region only Sorbara and Salamino are permitted in the DOC designated wine with at least 60% needing to be Sorbara. The Salamino and Sorbara varieties tend to produce the most acidic wines. One of the reasons why Sorbara tends to produce the highest quality Lambrusco is the tendency of the vine to drop its flowers, which reduces fruit yields and concentrates flavors.
Other regions
In Australia a number of cheaper bottled and box wines are produced by Australian vineyards and sold as "Lambrusco". They are typically medium-sweet, around 10% Alcohol by volume, ABV and styled as an "easy drinking" product. In Argentina, Lambrusco Maestri accounts for several hundred planted hectares.References
{{reflistExternal links
Consortium for the Historic Mark of Modenese Lambrusco
*Eric Asimov '
Lambrusco, No Joke
'' New York Times July 26, 2006
Emilia-Romagna map
with details on Lambrusco wine Italian wine Red wine grape varieties Wine grapes of Italy Sparkling wines Cuisine of Emilia-Romagna