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The Inhotim Institute is home to one of the largest foundations of contemporary art in Brazil and one of the largest outdoor art centers in Latin America. It was founded by the former mining magnate
Bernardo Paz Bernardo Paz is a former mining businessman and creator of Inhotim The Inhotim Institute is home to one of the largest foundations of contemporary art in Brazil and one of the largest outdoor art centers in Latin America. It was founded by the ...
in 2004 to house his personal art collection, but opened to the public a couple of years later. In 2014, the open-air museum was one of TripAdvisor's top 25 best-ranked museums in the world. Located in
Brumadinho Brumadinho () is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the Belo Horizonte metropolitan mesoregion and to the microregion of Belo Horizonte. Brumadinho is at an altitude of 880 m. In 2020 the population wa ...
(Minas Gerais), just 60 km away from
Belo Horizonte Belo Horizonte (, ; ) is the sixth-largest city in Brazil, with a population around 2.7 million and with a metropolitan area of 6 million people. It is the 13th-largest city in South America and the 18th-largest in the Americas. The metropol ...
, the institute has a total area of 1,942.25 acres, mostly located in the biome of the
Atlantic Forest The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and th ...
. Of the total area, 1,087.26 acres are marked as preservation areas, of which 359 acres are part of the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural RPPN, which makes it a natural heritage site. These geographic features made it possible for Inhotim to house a botanical garden, which has been developing since it was opened.


Etymology

In the 1980s, Paz began buying tracts of land surrounding his modest farmhouse as developers threatened to destroy the natural landscape.Charmaine Picard (August 26, 2009)
Major new commissions at Brazilian art centre
'' The Art Newspaper''.
The farm had been named by locals after a former owner, an English engineer known as Senhor Tim — ''Nhô Tim'' in Minas Gerais's dialect.Tony Perrottet (August 20, 2013)
Mining Magnate Bernardo Paz's Dedication to Inhotim
'' Wall Street Journal''.


History

Paz soon converted the then 3,000-acre ranch into a sprawling, 5,000-acreVincent Bevins (August 28, 2013)
Brazilian sees museum as 'the Disney of the future'
'' Los Angeles Times''.
botanical garden designed by his friend, the late landscape artist Roberto Burle Marx. The project began when Brazilian contemporary artist Tunga persuaded Paz to start collecting contemporary art. Eventually, he allowed artists all the space and resources they needed to create larger-than-life works. The garden, which boasts two dozen art “pavilions”, opened to the public in 2006. The pavilions include more than 500 works by noted Brazilian and international artists, such as Hélio Oiticica,
Yayoi Kusama is a Japanese contemporary artist who works primarily in sculpture and installation, and is also active in painting, performance, video art, fashion, poetry, fiction, and other arts. Her work is based in conceptual art and shows some attributes ...
, Anish Kapoor, Thomas Hirschhorn,
Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster (born 30 June 1965, in Strasbourg) is a French visual artist and educator. She is known for her work in video projection, photography, and art installations. She has worked in landscaping, design, and writing. "I alwa ...
,
Steve McQueen Terrence Stephen McQueen (March 24, 1930November 7, 1980) was an American actor. His antihero persona, emphasized during the height of the counterculture of the 1960s, made him a top box-office draw for his films of the late 1950s, 1960s, and 1 ...
,
Cildo Meireles Cildo Meireles (born 1948) is a Brazilian conceptual artist, installation artist and sculptor. He is noted especially for his installations, many of which express resistance to political oppression in Brazil. These works, often large and dense, en ...
and
Vik Muniz Vik Muniz (; born 1961) is a Brazilian artist and photographer. Initially a sculptor, Muniz grew interested with the photographic representations of his work, eventually focusing completely on photography. Primarily working with unconventional ma ...
. One pavilion is devoted to one of Paz's ex-wives, the Brazilian artist Adriana Varejão. In 2008, a geodesic dome designed by Paula Zasnicoff Cardoso of the Brazilian architectural practice Arquitetos Associados was constructed within a eucalyptus forest and now contains
Matthew Barney Matthew Barney (born March 25, 1967) is an American contemporary artist and film director who works in the fields of sculpture, film, photography and drawing. His works explore connections among geography, biology, geology and mythology as well ...
's installation ''De Lama Lâmina rom Mud, a Blade' (2004–08), which shows a vehicle uprooting a tree.Cristina Ruiz (November 22, 2010)
Where dreams come true
'' The Art Newspaper''.
Chris Burden Christopher Lee Burden (April 11, 1946 – May 10, 2015) was an American artist working in performance, sculpture and installation art. Burden became known in the 1970s for his performance art works, including ''Shoot'' (1971), where he arranged ...
’s ''Beam Drop'' (1984–2008) is made of 72 steel beams dropped 45 meters from 150-foot-high cranes into a pit filled with wet cement. ''Sonic Pavilion'' by Doug Aitken was realized in 2009 and consists of a circular building of frosted glass on top of a hill which contains a well. This goes down 200 meters into the ground and at its bottom microphones capture the sounds of the earth, which are then amplified and played live in the gallery above. ''Vegetation Room'' (2012) by Cristina Iglesias is a cube of polished stainless steel reflecting the surrounding forest. Visitors slip into crevices where the walls are sculpted foliage, entering a labyrinth within the labyrinth; at the cube's heart, torrents of water periodically rush.


Botanical Garden

In 2011, Inhotim joined the Brazilian government's official botanical garden association, and the staff has begun an inventory of its 5,000 plant species, including 1,300 types of palm alone. This represents more than 28% of botanical families known to man, and helped the institution receive the title of Private Reserve of Natural Patrimony of Inhotim (RPPN). Inhotim Institute is the only place in Latin America that has the Carrion Flower, a species native to Asia and famous for being the biggest flower in the world. It is also known for the strong odor it releases when blooming, which has given it the alternative name of "corpse flower". In Inhotim, it bloomed for the first time on December 15, 2010, and again on December 27, 2012. The flower is located in the "Viveiro Educador", in the Equatorial Greenhouse, and is open for visitation by the general public.


Management

In 2008, Inhotim's status was changed from a private museum to a public institute, with an annual budget and a board of directors. Although the plan is for the place eventually to be self-funding, at the moment it is largely financed by Paz. Inhotim costs about $10 million to run a year, with about 15% of this coming from ticket receipts. Jochen Volz has been the artistic director since 2004. Paz has plans to expand Inhotim with ten or more new hotels, a 15,000-capacity amphitheater, and even a complex of "lofts" for those who want to live amid the collection. In 2017, Inhotim's original founder Bernardo Paz was convicted of money laundering and sentenced to nine years in prison. Allegedly, between 2007 and 2008 Paz received more than $98 million related to fund-raising for Inhotim, some of which was diverted to other companies.


Attendance

In 2009, around 133,000 people travelled to Inhotim In 2011, the park attracted nearly 250,000 visitors from all over the world. In August 2018, they reached the mark of 3 million visitors.


Gallery

File:Dan Graham Inhotim 01.jpg, Dan Graham File:Instituto Cultural Inhotim Pavillion.jpg, Adriana Varejão File:Inhotim Simon Starling 02.jpg, Simon Starling File:Inhotim Oiticica 04.jpg, Hélio Oiticica File:Inhotim Amorphophallus titanum 2012.jpg, Carrion Flower in Inhotim File:Inhotim yayoi kusama 05.jpg,
Yayoi Kusama is a Japanese contemporary artist who works primarily in sculpture and installation, and is also active in painting, performance, video art, fashion, poetry, fiction, and other arts. Her work is based in conceptual art and shows some attributes ...
File:Edgard de Souza - Dor de Cabeça (Inhotim).jpg, Edgard de Souza File:Inhotim 2 (25886488760).jpg, Botanical Garden File:Inhotim 17 (26379724116).jpg, Art installation in Inhotim File:Inhotim (25554576194).jpg, Landscape File:Inhotim 13 (26074023460).jpg,
Matthew Barney Matthew Barney (born March 25, 1967) is an American contemporary artist and film director who works in the fields of sculpture, film, photography and drawing. His works explore connections among geography, biology, geology and mythology as well ...
File:Inhotim 18 (26313318632).jpg, Adriana Varejão


See also

* List of sculpture parks


References


External links


Inhotim website
{{Authority control Art museums and galleries in Brazil Botanical gardens in Brazil Museums in Minas Gerais Sculpture gardens, trails and parks in South America 2006 establishments in Brazil Culture in Minas Gerais