Friedrichstadt (; da, Frederiksstad) is a town in the district of
Nordfriesland
Nordfriesland (; da, Nordfrisland; frr, Nordfraschlönj ), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception o ...
, in
Schleswig-Holstein,
Germany. It is situated on the river
Eider approx. 12 km south of
Husum
Husum (, frr, Hüsem) is the capital of the ''Kreis'' (district) Nordfriesland in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The town was the birthplace of the novelist Theodor Storm, who coined the epithet "the grey town by the sea". It is also the home of ...
.
History
The town was founded in 1621 by Dutch settlers.
Duke Friedrich III of Holstein-Gottorp persuaded them to invest capital and knowledge in this region in turn for freedom of their
Mennonite and
Remonstrant
The Remonstrants (or the Remonstrant Brotherhood) is a Protestant movement that had split from the Dutch Reformed Church in the early 17th century. The early Remonstrants supported Jacobus Arminius, and after his death, continued to maintain his ...
religion (''see:
Arminianism
Arminianism is a branch of Protestantism based on the theological ideas of the Dutch Reformed theologian Jacobus Arminius (1560–1609) and his historic supporters known as Remonstrants. Dutch Arminianism was originally articulated in the ''Re ...
'') and opportunities to reclaim fen and marsh land in the vicinity of the town. One of them was
Johannes Narssius. Dutch became an official language. The town was named after Duke Frederick.
By 1630, many Arminians had already returned to the Netherlands. In 1633-1637 Frederick III sent an embassy to Tsar
Michael I of Russia and to
Shah Safi of
Persia with a view to setting up Friedrichstadt as a European trade terminus. The delegation was led by the
jurisconsult Philip Crusius
Philip, also Phillip, is a male given name, derived from the Greek language, Greek (''Philippos'', lit. "horse-loving" or "fond of horses"), from a compound of (''philos'', "dear", "loved", "loving") and (''hippos'', "horse"). Prominent Philip ...
,
jurisconsult, and the merchant
Otto Bruggemann or Brugman, of which their secretary - the scholar
Adam Olearius
Adam Olearius (born Adam Ölschläger or Oehlschlaeger, 24 September 159922 February 1671) was a German scholar, mathematician, geographer and librarian. He became secretary to the ambassador sent by Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, to ...
- later wrote a book. However, the aim of creating a regular trading route that would not pass around Africa was not achieved, and the delegation proved fruitless. Altogether, the city of Friedrichstadt did not become as successful as anticipated.
Beside the Remonstrants and Mennonites there were also other faith communities as
Unitarians
Unitarian or Unitarianism may refer to:
Christian and Christian-derived theologies
A Unitarian is a follower of, or a member of an organisation that follows, any of several theologies referred to as Unitarianism:
* Unitarianism (1565–present) ...
,
Quakers,
Catholics
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
and
Jews.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the city
*
Benjamin Calau (1724-1785), visual artist
*
Eduard Alberti (1827-1898), literary historian
*
Wilhelm Mannhardt (1831-1880), scholar and folklorist
*
William Thordsen (1879-1932), US Navy Medal of Honor recipient
*
Norbert Masur (1901-1971), subcontractor of the Jewish World Congress
Connected to Friedrichstadt
*
Jürgen Ovens (1623-1678), Rembrandt pupil and court painter of the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf, lived here and is buried in St. Christophorus Church
*
Louis Philippe I (1773-1850) lived a few months in the flight from the French Revolution Place and worked under a blanket as a home teacher
*
Hjalmar Schacht (1877-1970), German politician, banker, Reichsbank president and Reichswirtschaftsminister, his grandparents lived here
Images
Friedrichstadt Holländerhäuser Sleeswijk-Holstein Duitsland markt waterpomp uit 1879.jpg, Waterpump from 1879
File:Friedrichstadt straatbeeld met Hollandse huizen Holländerhäuser Sleeswijk-Holstein Duitsland.jpg, Streetview with Dutch architecture
Friedrichstadt remonstrantenkirche.jpg, Remonstrant church
Friedrichstadt Detail Remonstrantse Kerk Sleeswijk-Holstein Duitsland.jpg, Detail Remonstrant church
Am Mittelburgwall, Friedrichstadt 2016.jpg, Streetview Friedrichstadt
Mennonietenkerk te Friedrichstadt.jpg, Mennonites church Friedrichstadt
Nederlandstalige grafsteen uit 1725 op het Mennonietenkerkhof.jpg, Dutch gravestone 1725 in the Mennonite cemetery
File:Friedrichstadt alte synagoge.jpg, Former synagogue
File:Am Mittelburgwall 32 4.jpg, House brand with the monogram of the Danish king
File:Mittelburggraben3.jpg, Building used by the Unitarians
References
External links
In search of the Dutch origin of Friedrichstadt and the surrounding polderlands, including walking tourFriedrichstadt's official homepage.
Populated places established in 1621
Nordfriesland
1621 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
{{Nordfriesland-geo-stub
