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''Entelodon'' (meaning "complete teeth", from Ancient Greek ''entelēs'' "complete" and ''odōn'' "tooth", referring to its "complete" eutherian dentition), is an
''Entelodon'' was a fairly typical entelodont, with a large, bulky body, slender legs, and a long snout.
Like other entelodonts, ''Entelodon'' had complete eutherian dentition (3 incisors, 1 Canine tooth, canine, 3 premolars, and 3 Molar (tooth), molars per quadrant). It had only two toes on each foot, and its legs were built for fast running.Agustí, J and Antón, M (2002). ''Mammoths, Sabertooths, and Hominids: 65 Million Years of Mammalian Evolution in Europe''. Retrieved fro
Google Books
/ref> Its long, wide head was supported by a robust, short neck, and its Zygomatic arch, cheekbones were greatly enlarged and protruded noticeably from the sides of the head. Though it was more closely related to Hippopotamidae, hippos and Cetacea, whales than pigs, its skull was generally pig-like. It is presumed to have been an omnivore. European species of ''Entelodon'' were around tall at the shoulders, with a skull. ''Entelodon major'', known from the Kutanbulak Formation in Kazakhstan was around tall at the shoulders, with a skull, making it one of the largest entelodonts.
''Entelodon'' remains are primarily known from Europe, although fossils have also been found in Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, and even as far east as Japan.
''Entelodon magnus'' populated a broad swath of Europe, with remains found in Spain, Germany, France, Romania, and the Caucasus. Extensive remains of ''Entelodon deguilhemi'' were uncovered in Vayres-sur-Essonne, France. The Chinese ''Entelodon dirus'' is known from a single tooth discovered in Inner Mongolia, Nei Mongol.Paleobiology Database:Entelodon dirus
/ref>
extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
genus of entelodont artiodactyl endemic to Eurasia. Fossils of species are found in Paleogene strata ranging in age from the Houldjinian (37.2–33.9 mya
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) until the Rupelian epoch of the early Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
(33.9–28.4 mya).
Taxonomy
It is one of four entelodont genera native to Eurasia, the other three being the primitive '' Eoentelodon'' of late EoceneChina
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, ''Proentelodon
''Proentelodon'' is an extinct genus of entelodont artiodactyl from the Middle Eocene of Mongolia
Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia ...
'' of middle Eocene Mongolia and the gigantic ''Paraentelodon
''Paraentelodon'' is an extinct entelodont from the Late Oligocene and Oligocene-Miocene boundary of Asia. The fossils of the type species ''P. intermedium'' were found in Georgia, Kazakhstan and China.
An indeterminate species represents in Bu ...
'' of mid to late Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...
Central Asia.
Description
''Entelodon'' was a fairly typical entelodont, with a large, bulky body, slender legs, and a long snout.
Like other entelodonts, ''Entelodon'' had complete eutherian dentition (3 incisors, 1 Canine tooth, canine, 3 premolars, and 3 Molar (tooth), molars per quadrant). It had only two toes on each foot, and its legs were built for fast running.Agustí, J and Antón, M (2002). ''Mammoths, Sabertooths, and Hominids: 65 Million Years of Mammalian Evolution in Europe''. Retrieved froGoogle Books
/ref> Its long, wide head was supported by a robust, short neck, and its Zygomatic arch, cheekbones were greatly enlarged and protruded noticeably from the sides of the head. Though it was more closely related to Hippopotamidae, hippos and Cetacea, whales than pigs, its skull was generally pig-like. It is presumed to have been an omnivore. European species of ''Entelodon'' were around tall at the shoulders, with a skull. ''Entelodon major'', known from the Kutanbulak Formation in Kazakhstan was around tall at the shoulders, with a skull, making it one of the largest entelodonts.
Paleoecology
''Entelodon'' remains are primarily known from Europe, although fossils have also been found in Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, and even as far east as Japan.
''Entelodon magnus'' populated a broad swath of Europe, with remains found in Spain, Germany, France, Romania, and the Caucasus. Extensive remains of ''Entelodon deguilhemi'' were uncovered in Vayres-sur-Essonne, France. The Chinese ''Entelodon dirus'' is known from a single tooth discovered in Inner Mongolia, Nei Mongol./ref>
See also
*References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q133847 Oligocene even-toed ungulates Entelodonts Rupelian genus extinctions Paleogene mammals of Asia Paleogene mammals of Europe Fossil taxa described in 1846 Prehistoric even-toed ungulate genera