Brusio (Lombardy, Lombard: ''Brüs'', Romansh language, Romansh ''Brüsch'') is a municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the Bernina Region in the Cantons of Switzerland, canton of Grisons in Switzerland.

History

Brusio is first mentioned in 1106 as ''Bruse''. It was first mentioned as Brusio in 1212. Previously it was known as Romansh language, Romansh: ''Brüsch'' and german: link=no, Brüs. The monastery of San Romerio (earlier, San Remigio) was founded above the Val Poschiavo before 1055. Soon there after the village of Brusio was settled on the valley floor below the monastery. The monastery influenced this early stage of settlement and growth in the village. By 1212 it was an independent municipality with its own Dean (religion), dean or senior pastor who represented the municipality's interests. In the 13th Century, the entire Val Poschiavo became part of the Fiefdom, fief of the Bishop of Chur. During the 14th Century, Brusio was part of the practically (although not officially) independent municipality of Poschiavo. Around 1498, Poschiavo (with Brusio) joined the League of God's House and by extension, the Three Leagues. During the conquest of the Valtellina valley by the Three Leagues, the hamlets of Campocologno (1518) and Zalende (1526) were founded. In 1610 Brusio tried to leave the municipality of Poschiavo, but it wasn't until 1851 that they were successful. In 1863 the previously Italian side valley of Saiento and the hamlet of Cavajone joined Brusio and became Swiss.

Geography

Brusio has an area, , of . Of this area, 16.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 54.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (27%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).Swiss Federal Statistical Office
accessed 2 October 2009 The municipality is located in the Brusio sub-district of the Bernina district. It is located in the Val Poschiavo on the road from the Bernina Pass into Italy. Besides the village of Brusio itself, it consists of the hamlet (place), hamlets of Campocologno, Zalende, Campascio, Piazzo and parts of Miralago as well as the small settlements of Viano, Graubünden, Viano and Cavaione high in the mountains.

Demographics

Brusio has a population (as of ) of . , 7.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of 12.7%. , the gender distribution of the population was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.Graubunden in Numbers
accessed 21 September 2009 The age distribution, , in Brusio is; 116 people or 9.7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old. 71 people or 5.9% are 10 to 14, and 44 people or 3.7% are 15 to 19. Of the adult population, 117 people or 9.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 193 people or 16.1% are 30 to 39, 142 people or 11.8% are 40 to 49, and 181 people or 15.1% are 50 to 59. The senior population distribution is 146 people or 12.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 128 people or 10.6% are 70 to 79, there are 56 people or 4.7% who are 80 to 89, and there are 8 people or 0.7% who are 90 to 99.Graubunden Population Statistics
accessed 21 September 2009 In the 2007 Swiss federal election, 2007 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party, SVP which received 40.8% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland, SPS (21.8%), the Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland, CVP (20.9%) and the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland, FDP (15.9%). In Brusio about 61% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory Education in Switzerland#Secondary, upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a ''Fachhochschule''). Brusio has an unemployment rate of 1.9%. , there were 107 people employed in the Primary sector of the economy, primary economic sector and about 30 businesses involved in this sector. 217 people are employed in the Secondary sector of the economy, secondary sector and there are 24 businesses in this sector. 374 people are employed in the Tertiary sector of the economy, tertiary sector, with 70 businesses in this sector. From the , 1,052 or 87.5% are Roman Catholic, while 91 or 7.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. There are less than 5 individuals who are Muslims. There are 6 individuals (or about 0.50% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 24 (or about 2.00% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or Atheism, atheist, and 29 individuals (or about 2.41% of the population) did not answer the question. The historical population is given in the following table:

Languages

Most of the population () speaks Italian (92.4%), with German being second most common (5.3%) and Portuguese being third (1.0%).

Heritage sites of national significance

The ''Casa di Risch'', ''Chiesa di San Romerio e dintorni'' (or San Romerio Church) and ''Gruppo di 9 «Crot»'' are listed as Swiss Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance, heritage sites of national significance.Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance
21 November 2008 version, accessed 2 October 2009 The monastery of San Romerio (also San Remigio) was founded in the hills above the Val Poschiavo before 1055. The village of Brusio was settled soon after and was heavily influenced by the monastery.

Transportation

The municipality has three railway stations: , , and . All three are located on the Bernina Railway, Bernina line, with regular service to and . The municipality gives its name to the Brusio spiral viaduct.

References

External links

Official Web site
* * {{Authority control Brusio, Municipalities of Graubünden Cultural property of national significance in Graubünden Towns in Val Poschiavo