Marcello Bacciarelli (; 16 February 1731 – 5 January 1818) was a

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

- Italian painter of the late-

baroque The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including t ...

and Neoclassic periods.

Biography

He was born in Rome, and studied there under

Marco Benefial Marco Benefial (25 April 1684 – 9 April 1764) "Marco Benefial (Getty Museum)" (history), The Getty Museum, 2006, webpage: GM-Benefial. was an Italian, proto- Neoclassical painter, mainly active in Rome. Benefial is best known for h ...

. In 1750, with the recommendation of the architect Gaetano Chiaveri, Marcello was recruited to Dresden in Saxony, where he was employed by Elected King Augustus III of Poland. After the death of King Augustus, Marcello went to Vienna, and thence to Warsaw. In Dresden, he met Bernardo Bellotto and worked with this Italian painter throughout his life. He was recruited by King Stanisław II Augustus in 1766 to become the Director of the newly founded Royal Buildings and Estates. In Dresden, he married Federicka Richter, a woman painter known for miniature portraits. In Vienna, Marcello painted portraits of the imperial family, including the four daughters of Maria Teresa, Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen and her husband, prince Albert. In Warsaw, he painted a set of portraits depicting nearly all Polish kings, from

Bolesław I the Brave Bolesław I the Brave ; cs, Boleslav Chrabrý; la, Boleslaus I rex Poloniae (17 June 1025), less often known as Bolesław the Great, was Duke of Poland from 992 to 1025, and the first King of Poland in 1025. He was also Duke of Bohemia betw ...

to the last king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanisław II Augustus who was also Bacciarelli's patron and admirer. He also made a portrait of

Izabela Lubomirska Izabela is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mrocza, within Nakło County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, also known as Cuiavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship or simply Kujawsko-Pomorskie, or Kujawy-P ...

in her wedding gown, that she commissioned years later after her marriage. Bacciarelli was also keen in painting culturally significant scenes from the history of Poland. Following the

partitions of Poland The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 12 ...

and after Napoleon's rise to power he moved to the Duchy of Warsaw, a client state of the First French Empire and died in 1818. A number of his paintings were painted for King Stanisław II Augustus of Poland and are in the Royal Castle in Warsaw. These include: * ''Strength, Reason, Belief, and Justice'', in the Old Audience Chamber * ''The Flourishing of the Arts, Sciences, Agriculture, and Trade'' on the ceiling of the Old Audience Chamber * ''Rebecca and Eleazar'' in the King's Bedroom * ''Esther and Ahasuerus'' in the King's Bedroom During Bacciarelli's early years in Warsaw, the young

Alexander Kucharsky Alexander Kucharsky (18 March 1741 – 5 November 1819) also Alexandre Kucharsky, was a Polish portrait painter who spent his adult life in France. He himself used the spelling Kucharsky,See signature at Marie Antoinette, miniature by Kucharsky, ...

began to train as a painter in his studio.Le peintre KUCHARSKY
at museelouisxvii.com (accessed 28 December 2007) Another notable pupil of Bacciarelli's was

Kazimierz Wojniakowski Kazimierz Wojniakowski (1771/72, Kraków – 1812, Warsaw) was a Polish painter, illustrator and Freemason, known primarily for his portraits in the sentimentalist style. Life and work He was a pupil of Marcello Bacciarelli."Wojniakowski, Kazimi ...

Gallery

File:Stanisław II August Poniatowski in coronation clothes.PNG, ''Stanisław II Augustus, King of Poland'' File:Marcello Bacciarelli - Heinrich Graf von Brühl.jpeg, ''Count Brühl'' File:Bacciarelli - Jan Kazimierz.jpeg, ''King John II Casimir'' File:August II the Strong by Marcello Bacciarelli.PNG, ''Augustus the Strong'' File:Bacciarelli Marie Christine 1766.jpg, ''Marie Christine'' File:Bacciarelli Blue Marquise.jpg, ''Blue Marquise'' File:Bacciarelli Anna Lampel.jpg, ''Anna Lampel'' File:Izabella Poniatowska Branicka.jpg, ''Izabella Branicka'' File:Stanisław Poniatowski (1676-1762).PNG, ''Stanisław Poniatowski'' File:Countess Henrietta Friederika von Bünau.jpg, Countess Henrietta Friederika von Bünau

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Bacciarelli, Marcello 1731 births 1818 deaths 18th-century Polish–Lithuanian painters 18th-century male artists 19th-century Polish painters 19th-century Italian male artists 18th-century Italian painters Italian male painters 19th-century Italian painters Court painters of Polish kings Polish people of Italian descent Burials at St. John's Archcathedral, Warsaw Painters from Rome Polish male painters Polish courtiers 18th-century Italian male artists