Arrast-Larrebieu (; eu, Ürrustoi-Larrebille)ÜRRUSTOI-LARREBILLE

Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia Pic d'Anie (Basque Auñamendi) is a mountain of the Pyrenees in France, located close to the Spanish border. It is high. The mountain boasts an almost perfect pyramidal shape and is surrounded by the spectacular karst landscape of. ''Larra'', i ...

is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region of south-western

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Urrustoitars''.

Geography

Arrast-Larrebieu is located in the former province of

Soule Soule (Basque: Zuberoa; Zuberoan/ Soule Basque: Xiberoa or Xiberua; Occitan: ''Sola'') is a former viscounty and French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées-Atlantiques ''département''. It is divided into two cantons of the arrond ...

some 12 km east by south-east of Saint-Palais and 10 km north by north-east of

Mauléon-Licharre Mauléon-Licharre (; , Occitan: Maulion e Lisharra), or simply Mauléon, is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in southwestern France. It is the capital of the Soule (''Zuberoa'') historical Basque province. It is home to t ...

. Access to the commune is by the D243 road which branches off the D11 west of the commune and north of Espès-Undurein and passes through the village before continuing north-east to join the D115. The D135 from the D11 in the west to

Moncayolle-Larrory-Mendibieu Moncayolle-Larrory-Mendibieu () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is located in the historical province of Soule. Moncayolle is famous for its ornate Comtoise clocks. See also *Communes of the ...

in the south-east passes through the south of the commune and the hamlet of Larrebieu. The commune is mainly farmland with many forests scattered throughout the commune.Google Maps
/ref> The ''Laxubie'' rises in the south of the commune and flows north past the village gathering many tributaries and joins the ''Apaure'' north of the commune. Several small streams rise in the west of the commune and flow west to join the

Saison Saison (French, "season," ) is a pale ale that is highly carbonated, fruity, spicy, and often bottle conditioned. It was historically brewed with low alcohol levels, but modern productions of the style have moderate to high levels of alcohol. ...

Places and Hamlets

* Abbadia * Aguelcheberry * Aguerria * Aitzaguer (ruins) * Algalarrondo * Arkabisquey * Arrast * Asconeguy * Behety * Bethulard * Bou * Garatia * Gastelu * Gastelu Arrast * Gasteluchague * Habiague * Heguilus * Hoilly * Ibarbouen * Lacoste * Laplume * Larçabal * Larlette * Larrebieu * Larribet * Mendiondo * Oyhenart * Poutou * Sabalain * Sagardoyburu * Sallaberry * Sunhary * Tine Géoportail

IGN ''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...

Toponymy

The commune name in

basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

today is ''Ürrüstoi-Larrabile'' or ''Ürrustoi-Larrebille''. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicated that the spelling in

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

''Arrast'' is sometimes given with the determinant ''Ürrüxtoia'' meaning "hazel tree grove". He also stated that ''larrabil'' means a "rounded moor, squat". The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
'' New Basque Toponymy''
ref name="Orpustan">Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
''New Basque Toponymy''
Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, Origins: *Bayonne:

Cartulary A cartulary or chartulary (; Latin: ''cartularium'' or ''chartularium''), also called ''pancarta'' or ''codex diplomaticus'', is a medieval manuscript volume or roll (''rotulus'') containing transcriptions of original documents relating to the fo ...

of Bayonne or ''Livre d'Or'' (Book of Gold)Manuscript from the 14th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Notaries: Notaries of

Navarrenx Navarrenx (; oc, Navarrencs, ; eu, Nabarrengose, eu, label=Zuberoan dialect, Zuberoan, Nabarrenkoxe) is a town and communes of France, commune in the departments of France, French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (Béarn) and the region of ...

Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 11 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune had a

Lay Abbey Lay may refer to: Places *Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada *Lay, Loire, a French commune * Lay (river), France * Lay, Iran, a village *Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community People * Lay (surname) ...

, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule. Larrebieu was merged with the commune of Arrast on 16 October 1842.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Inter-communality

The commune is part of seven inter-communal structures: * the

Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque The communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque ( eu, Euskal Hirigune Elkargoa), is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Bayonne and Biarritz. It is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques depa ...

; * the Sanitation association of Pays de Soule; * the AEP association of Pays de Soule; * the inter-communal association of la Vallée; * the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques; * the inter-communal association for the construction and operation of the CES at Mauleon; * the association to support Basque culture.

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 95 inhabitants. The population data given in the table and graph below for 1836 and earlier refer to the former commune of Arrast.

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural (livestock and pasture). The town is part of the

Appellation d'origine contrôlée An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical bou ...

zone designation of

Ossau-iraty Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in B ...

Culture and Heritage

Civil heritage

An enclosure with an earthen parapet (a protohistoric fort or ''Gaztelu zahar'') at an altitude of 282 metres at a place called Gazteluxaga reflects the ancient past of the commune.

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Sainte-Lucie (19th century) is registered as an historical monument. It has a bell tower called ''Trinity'' or ''Souletin'' meaning the "top of the wall", pierced by bays for the bells with three roof peaks of approximately equal height, hence the name Trinity. The church contains a Processional Cross (17th century) which is registered as an historical object.Ministry of Culture, Palissy

Notable people linked to the commune

* Abbadie d'Arrast Family, initially lay abbots whose descendants originated the construction of various chateaux (the Château d'Abbadie at

Hendaye Hendaye ( Basque: ''Hendaia'')HENDAIA
Ciboure Ciboure (; ,ZIBURU

bertsolari Bertsolaritza or bertsolarism is the art of singing extemporaneously composed songs in Basque according to various melodies and rhyming patterns. Bertsos can be composed at a variety of occasions but are performed generally by one or various '' ...

, pastoralari, and academician.