Ainhice-Mongelos ()AINHIZE-MONJOLOSE

Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia Pic d'Anie (Basque Auñamendi) is a mountain of the Pyrenees in France, located close to the Spanish border. It is high. The mountain boasts an almost perfect pyramidal shape and is surrounded by the spectacular karst landscape of. ''Larra'', i ...

is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics ( physical geography), human impact characteristics ( human geography), and the interaction of humanity an ...

in southwestern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. It is located in the former province of

Lower Navarre Lower Navarre ( eu, Nafarroa Beherea/Baxenabarre; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; french: Basse-Navarre ; es, Baja Navarra) is a traditional region of the present-day French ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. It corresponds to the ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Ainhiztars'' Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Editor Archives et Culture, or ''Monjolostars''.

Geography

Location

The town is part of the country Basque province of ''Cize'' of

. It is located in the

Pyrenees The Pyrenees (; es, Pirineos ; french: Pyrénées ; ca, Pirineu ; eu, Pirinioak ; oc, Pirenèus ; an, Pirineus) is a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. It extends nearly from its union with the Cantabrian Mountains to ...

mountains some 40 km in a direct line southeast of Bayonne and about 15 km northeast of the Spanish border. The commune is mostly farmland with scattered small forests.

Access

Access to Ainhice-Mongelos is via the Highway D933 (old highway 133) which runs northeast from Saint-Jean-le-Vieux which runs from southwest to northeast along the eastern side of the commune through the village of Mongelos continues northeast, ending near Saint Palais. Just south of the commune at Lacarre, the Highway D422 branches from the D933 to the northwest and passes through the western side of the commune, ending at ''Lopeenia'' just to the west of the commune. No other highways enter the commune. The village of Anhice-Mongelos can be reached by a country road from the D933 at Mongelos or by any of the many country roads which cover the commune.Google Maps
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Hydrography

In the

Drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...

of the Adour, the commune is traversed by a tributary of the

Nive The Nive (; eu, Errobi; oc, Niva) is a French river that flows through the French Basque Country. It is a left tributary of the river Adour. It is long. The river's source in the Pyrenees in Lower Navarre. The river Nive was made famous by t ...

, the ''Lakako erreka'' (which originates in Ainhice-Mongelos) and, a tributary of the ''Laurhibar'', the ''Arzubiko erreka'' and by tributaries of the latter, the ''Bassaguibeléko erreka'' and the ''Idiondoa'' brook. The ''Artikaitéko erreka'' which flows into Bidouze also passes through the commune.

Localities and hamlets

* Achurdé * Ainhice * Artikite * Azeria * Barnetchéa (''Barnetxea'') * Bertéretchia * Bidartéa * Bidégaïnéa * Caracoitchia * Chilténéa * Elizetchékoborda * Erdoïs Etcheberria * Erdoïsia * Erretoraenia * Etcheberritoa * Etchéparéa * Gohanetxea * Harraldéa * Harrispéa * Héguilondoa * Idiartekoborda * Ihitsia * Irazabalea * Irumia * Ithurraldéa * Kousketikoborda * Larraldéa * Martiréma * Mongelos * Munhoa * Officialdéya * Orkaïtzéa * Sallaberria

Toponymy

The name of the commune in

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

is ''Ainhize-Monjolose''. According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan the origin of the name ''Ainhice'' remains unknown. According to Brigitte Jobbé-Duval ''Mongelos'' is a Gascon name meaning ''Mont Jaloux'' (Mount Jealous). The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune. Sources: *Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
'' New Basque Toponymy''
ref name="Orpustan">Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
''New Basque Toponymy''
Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, *Mérimée: Presentation of Ainhice-Mongelos on the Ministry of Culture database.Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 Origins: *Pamplona: Titles of

Pamplona Pamplona (; eu, Iruña or ), historically also known as Pampeluna in English, is the capital city of the Chartered Community of Navarre, in Spain. It is also the third-largest city in the greater Basque cultural region. Lying at near above ...

Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda *Biscay: Martin Biscay *Navarre: Regulations of the States of NavarreCollection of manuscripts of 11 volumes of deliberations (1606 to 1789) - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Camara: Titles of the Camara de ComptosTitles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda - ''Diccionario de Antiguedades del reino de Navarra'', 1840,

*Ohix: Contracts of OhixContracts retained by Ohix, Notary of

Soule Soule (Basque: Zuberoa; Zuberoan/ Soule Basque: Xiberoa or Xiberua; Occitan: ''Sola'') is a former viscounty and French province and part of the present-day Pyrénées-Atlantiques ''département''. It is divided into two cantons of the arrond ...

- Manuscript of the 15th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *Bayonne: Visitations of the

Diocese of Bayonne The Diocese of Bayonne, Lescar, and Oloron, commonly Diocese of Bayonne, (Latin: ''Dioecesis Baionensis, Lascurrensis et Oloronensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Bayonne, Lescar et Oloron''; Basque: ''Baionako, Leskarreko eta Oloroeko elizbarrutia'') ...

Manuscript from the 18th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

The

medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...

village of Mongelos was established in 1240 as subject to the King of Navarre. Formerly subject to ''Ainhice'', they were reunited on 16 August 1841.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Anhice-Mongelos

Inter-communality

The commune belongs to seven inter-communal organisations: *the

Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque The communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque ( eu, Euskal Hirigune Elkargoa), is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Bayonne and Biarritz. It is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques depa ...

*the AEP union of Ainhice *the energy union of Pyrenees-Atlantiques *the school union for RPI Ainhice-Gamarthe-Lacarre *the inter-communal association for the development and management of the abattoir at

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John t theFoot of hePass"; eu, Donibane Garazi; es, San Juan Pie de Puerto) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean footh ...

*the joint association for the watershed of the

*the union to support Basque culture.

Population

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the zone of appellation of

Ossau-iraty Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in B ...

. ''Euskal Herriko Laborantza Ganbara'' or the "Chamber of Agriculture for the Basque Country" is an association under the law of 1901 founded on 15 January 2005 and is headquartered in Ainhice-Mongelos.

Culture and heritage

File:Ainhice-Mongelos porte de ferme.jpg, Farm gate File:Ainhice-Mongelos lavoir.jpg, Well File:Ainhice-Mongelos fenêtre à linteau.jpg, Window lintel (1741) File:Ainhice-Mongelos fenêtre au linteau (1857).jpg, House from 1857

Languages

According to the ''Map of the Seven Basque Provinces'' published in 1863 by Prince

Louis-Lucien Bonaparte Louis Lucien Bonaparte (4 January 1813 – 3 November 1891) was a French philologist. The third son of Napoleon's second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte, he spent much of his life outside France for political reasons. After a brief politica ...

, the dialect of

spoken in Ainhice-Mongelos is eastern low Navarrese.

Civil heritage

Several houses and farms are registered as historical monuments. These are: *Houses and Farms (18th & 19th century) *Barnetxea Farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Elizaldea Farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Etxeparea Farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *Irazabalea Farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée

Religious Heritage

*Church of the Assumption (14th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée

Facilities

The town has a kindergarten.