Aincille (; eu, Aintzilla)AINTZILLA

Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia Pic d'Anie (Basque Auñamendi) is a mountain of the Pyrenees in France, located close to the Spanish border. It is high. The mountain boasts an almost perfect pyramidal shape and is surrounded by the spectacular karst landscape of. ''Larra'', i ...

is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the

Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pyrénées-Atlantiques (; Gascon Occitan: ''Pirenèus Atlantics''; eu, Pirinio Atlantiarrak or ) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlant ...

department in the

Nouvelle-Aquitaine Nouvelle-Aquitaine (; oc, Nòva Aquitània or ; eu, Akitania Berria; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Novéle-Aguiéne'') is the largest administrative region in France, spanning the west and southwest of the mainland. The region was created by ...

region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics ( physical geography), human impact characteristics ( human geography), and the interaction of humanity an ...

in southwestern

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. The inhabitants of the commune are known as ''Aintzildars''.

Geography

Location

The town is part of Cize Country in the former

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman '' provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...

Lower Navarre Lower Navarre ( eu, Nafarroa Beherea/Baxenabarre; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; french: Basse-Navarre ; es, Baja Navarra) is a traditional region of the present-day French ''département'' of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. It corresponds to the ...

. It is located some 50 km south-east of Bayonne and 5 km southeast of

Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John t theFoot of hePass"; eu, Donibane Garazi; es, San Juan Pie de Puerto) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean footh ...

Access

The commune can be accessed by the D401 road from

in the northwest to the village. From the village the D118 road goes north to join the D18 highway.Google Maps
/ref>

Hydrography

Located in the

drainage basin A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...

of the Adour, the northeastern border of the commune is marked by the Laurhibar river, which flows north to join the

Nive The Nive (; eu, Errobi; oc, Niva) is a French river that flows through the French Basque Country. It is a left tributary of the river Adour. It is long. The river's source in the Pyrenees in Lower Navarre. The river Nive was made famous by t ...

north of

. A stream rises near the village and flows to the Laurhibar in the north-east. The Urtchipea rises in the south of the commune and flows northwest gathering many tributaries and joins the ''Nive de Beherobie'' at Saint-Michel. The Sassitako erreka rises southwest of the village and flows northwest joining the Laurhibar east of

Localities and hamlets

* Ahadoa * Aïntzilsarria * Bassaburua * Bentaberria * Berho * Chiramberroa * Esconda * Etcheverrigaraya * Gamaberria * Goyhenetchéa * Handiague * Harchilo * Jaureguia * Oilloquy * Pagola * Sahaby * Sotalda

Toponymy

The commune name in

basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

is ''Aintzila'' meaning "hill of mud",Ministry of Culture, Mérimée ''Aintzila'' or ''Aintzil-Harrieta''.Pierre Lhande, Dictionary basque-French, Éditions Beauchène, 1 April 1997, Jean-Baptiste Orpustan wrote the name of the commune in the form ''Aïncille''. He also indicated that in Basque the inhabitants are referred to as ''Aintzildar''. The following table details the origins of the commune name. Sources: *Mérimée: Presentation of the Commune of Aincille on the Ministry of Culture website *Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
'' New Basque Toponymy''
ref name="Orpustan">Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,
''New Basque Toponymy''
Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, *

Raymond Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...

:''
''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. ''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 *Cassini: Origins: *Intendance: Intendance of PauTitles of the intendance of Pau - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

History

Part of Aincille territory next to the communes of

Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan () is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regions of France, region in southwestern France. The people of the commune are known as ''Ahas ...

Bustince-Iriberry Bustince-Iriberry ()BUSTINTZE-HIRIBERRY
Çaro Çaro (; eu, Zaro) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre Lower Navarre ( eu, Nafarroa Beherea/Baxenabarre; Gascon/Bearnese: ''Navarra Baisha''; ...

Lecumberry Lecumberry ()LEKUNBERRI

Mendive Mendive () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is located in the former province of Lower Navarre. See also *Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department The following is a list of the 5 ...

, Saint-Jean-le-Vieux, and Saint-Michel, was taken on 11 June 1842 to form of the commune of

Estérençuby Estérençuby (; eu, Ezterenzubi)EZTERENZUBI
List of Successive Mayors of Aincille

Inter-communality

The commune belongs to six intercommunal structures: *the

Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque The communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque ( eu, Euskal Hirigune Elkargoa), is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, centred on the cities of Bayonne and Biarritz. It is located in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques depa ...

*the AEP association of Ainhice *the energy association for Pyrenees-Atlantiques *the intercommunal association for the development and management of the slaughterhouse at

*the joint association for the watershed of the Nive *the association to support Basque culture.

Population

Economy

The town is part of the production area of

Irouléguy AOC Irouléguy AOC wines ( eu, Irulegi, ) come from Lower Navarre in the Northern Basque Country, France and are usually considered as part of the wine region of South West France (''Sud-Ouest''). They are named after the village of Irouléguy and are ...

and the

Appellation d'origine contrôlée An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication primarily used to identify where the grapes for a wine were grown, although other types of food often have appellations as well. Restrictions other than geographical bou ...

(AOC) zone of

Ossau-iraty Ossau-Iraty is an Occitan- Basque cheese made from sheep milk. Origin Ossau-Iraty or Esquirrou is produced in south-western France, in the Northern Basque Country and in Béarn. Its name reflects its geographical location, the Ossau Valley in B ...

. Economic activity is mainly agricultural. Aincille had long received ''saline'' (saline of Ugarré) since the 17th century and had the distinction of being a corporation with ownership of twenty-nine old houses of the town and was reunited with the royal domain in 1683.

Culture and heritage

Languages

According to the ''Map of the Seven Basque Provinces'' published in 1863 by Prince

Louis-Lucien Bonaparte Louis Lucien Bonaparte (4 January 1813 – 3 November 1891) was a French philologist. The third son of Napoleon's second surviving brother, Lucien Bonaparte, he spent much of his life outside France for political reasons. After a brief politica ...

, the dialect of Basque spoken in Aincille is Eastern Low Navarrese.

Civil heritage

The commune has several sites that are registered as historical monuments: *Houses and Farms (18th-19th century) *The Idiondoa Farmhouse (1617) *The Ahadoberria Farmhouse (1768)

Religious Heritage

The commune has several religious sites that are registered as historical monuments: *The Croix de Carrefour (Crossroads Cross) Wayside Cross *A Cemetery Cross (17th century) *The Parish Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint John the Baptist (Middle Ages) The church contains two items that are registered as historical objects: **A Processional Cross (18th century) **A Statue: Virgin and child (13th century)Ministry of Culture, Palissy ;Church Picture Gallery Aincille Church Main Altar.JPG, Aincille The Main Altar Aincille Church Processional Cross.JPG, The Processional Cross ;Stained Glass Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Basile.JPG, Saint Basile Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Joachin.JPG, Saint Joachin Aincille Church Stained Glass Saint Pierre.JPG, Saint Pierre Aincille Church Stained Glass Sainte Anne.JPG, Saint Anne