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Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan () is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques
department
Department may refer to:
* Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility
Government and military
*Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
The people of the commune are known as ''Ahastar''.
Geography
Location
Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is part of ''Cize/Garazi country'' which was a historical province in Lower Navarre. It includes three former parishes, sometimes counted as four groups of houses in the Middle Ages and with five toponyms: Alciette, Ahaxe, Garatehegi, Ligeta, and Bascassan located at the confluence of the Laurhibar and Esteneko streams. Alciette is the parish farthest away to the northeast in the combination of the three parishes. Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is located some 6 km south-east ofSaint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John t theFoot of hePass"; eu, Donibane Garazi; es, San Juan Pie de Puerto) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean foothi ...
and can be accessed by Highway D18 running from close to there through the heart of the commune southeast to Lecumberry
Lecumberry ()LEKUNBERRI
/ref>
Auñamendi Encyclopedia, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia ;Ahaxe The toponym ''Ahaxe'' appears in the forms: *''Hatce'' (1167)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *''Fax'' (1194)Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''New Basque Toponymy'', Ed. Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, , page 140 *''domine de ahacha'' (1194) *''Assa'', ''Aassa'', and ''Hassa'' (1249) *''Ahatxa'' (1300) *''Ahaxa'' (1302''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond (archivist), Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011, p. 3 Chapter of BayonneChapter of Bayonne - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) *''Haxa'' and ''Ahaxe'' (1304) *''Axa'' (1309 and 1350) *''Hatxa'' (1350) *''Hadssa'' (1366) *''Ahtxe'' (1703), Visits of BayonneManuscript of the 18th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *''Sanctus Julianus Ahaxe'' (1757, Diocese of Bayonne collectionsManuscripts from the 17th to the 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of des Pyrénées-Atlantiques). Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicates that the toponym comes from the Basque oronymic base of ''(h)aitz'' meaning "rock" or "height". The people of the commune are called in Basque ''Ahatsar''. ;Alciette The toponym ''Alciette'' appears in the forms: *''Alsuete'' (1249) *''La Grange Alsuete'' (1302,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 4 Chapter of Bayonne) *''Alçueta'' (1305) *''Alzueta'' (1513, Titles of Pamplona''Titles'' published by don José Yanguas y Miranda ) *''Alçuete'' and ''Alçueta'' (1350)) *''Alchuete'' (1387) *''Alchuette'' (1387) *''Alçueta'' (1621, Martin Biscay''Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla - 1622 petit in-4° ) *''Alsiette'' (1667, regulations of the States of NavarreCollection of manuscripts in 11 volumes of deliberations (1606 to 1789) - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) The Basque name for the people of this area is ''Alzietar''. According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''Alciette'' is derived from the medieval ''Alzueta'' which itself comes from the Basque ''alzu'' meaning "place where there are abundant alder trees". ;Bascassan The name ''Bascassan'' appears in the forms: *''Bazquazen'' (1208) *''Bascaçen'' (1292) *''Bascacen'' (1350)) *''Bazcacen'' (1366)) *''Basquacen'' (1413)) *''Bazcacen'' (1513,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 22 Titles of Pamplona) *''Vazquacen'' (1613) *''Vazcazen'' and ''Vazaçan'' (1621 Martin Biscay) *''Bascassan'' (1789) Its origin is uncertain. The people of the area are called ''Bazkazandar'' in basque. ''Ahaxachillo'' is mentioned in the 1863 dictionary.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 3 ) ''Bastida'' is also indicated by Raymond.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 23 ''Errékaldéa'' is mentioned with the spelling ''Errecaldia'' referring to the flowing stream of ''Bascassan'' flowing into the Laurhibar.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 59 ;Curutchet ''Curutchet'' (also called ''Garat'') was a former fief of Ahaxe, a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 54 & 67 ;Etcheverria Paul Raymond (archivist), Paul Raymond mentioned an ''Etcheberry'', a fief located in the parish of Alciette and a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 63 ;Garatehegi The name ''Garatehegi'' appears in the forms: *''Garateguia'' (1350) *''sent jullian et garateheguj'' (1366) *''la parropie de garatehegi'' (1413) *''Garatteguy'' (1518,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 67 Titles of Pamplona) *''Garatéhéguy'' (1708, Regulation of the commander of IrissarryRegulations of the commandery of Irissarry - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) *''Garateguy'' (1863) Garatehegi from Basque means "summit of the high country". ;Gastelua ''Gastelua'' appears with the spelling ''Gastellu'' in 1863.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 68 ;Libiéta ''Libiéta'' is a toponym that appears in the forms: *''Libiet'' (1621,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 101 Martin Biscay) *''Libiette'' (1789) ;Ligeta ''Ligeta'' is mentioned in the forms: *''Lagueta'' (1264) *''Ligueta'' (1307) *''Liguete'' (1350), 1366, and 1413). The origin of this toponym could be the Latin ''Liger'' (which was equally likely to be the origin of Loire (river), Loire).
*Kapila HouseMinistry of Culture, Mérimée
*Idioinea farm (17th century)
*Gohonetxea farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*Château Saint-Julien (12th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
The cemetery contains a remarkable collection of Hilarri.
*Chapel of Saint-Saveur of Alciette (12th century). The chapel contains several historical objects:
**Pulpit (17th century)
**2 Benches (17th & 18th century)
**Main Altar, Retable and 4 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Secondary Altar. Retable, 2 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Baptismal fonts (17th century)
**Ceiling (17th century)
**Statue: Baby Jesus (18th century)
**Processional Cross (18th century)
**Cross: Christ on the Cross (17th century)
*Chapel of Saint-Saveur of Alciette (Interior Decor)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*Former ''benoîterie'' of Bascassan (18th century).
*Former ''benoîterie'' of Bascassan garden.
*Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan (17th century). The church contains a number of historical objects. These are:
**2 Altars, 2 Retables, 2 Paintings, 4 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Baptismal fonts (17th century)
**Pulpit (17th century)
**Processional Cross (18th century)
**Cross: Christ on the Cross (17th century)
**Bronze Bell (17th century)
*Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan (Interior and Cemetery)
*Cemetery Cross of Ahaxe (1827)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
File:Bascassan.jpg, Church of Bascassan
File:Benoiterie.jpg, Benoîterie
File:Vieilles tombes Bascassan.jpg, Old Tombs
File:Ahaxe Croix.jpg, Cemetery Cross of Ahaxe
File:Église Saint-Sauveur d'Alciette.JPG, Church of Saint-Sauveur of Alciette
Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan on Géoportail
Institut géographique national, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
''Ahaxe, Alciette,'' and ''Bascassan'' on the 1750 Cassini Map
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahaxealciettebascassan Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Lower Navarre
Aincille
Aincille (; eu, Aintzilla)Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''New Basque Toponymy'' Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006,
*Raymond:'Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees'' 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table.
in the west to the village of Bascassin in the commune and there are other country roads entering from the north and the southeast.Google Maps/ref>
Hydrography
The commune is located in the Drainage basin of theAdour
The Adour (; eu, Aturri; oc, Ador) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High-Bigorre (Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. i ...
, the commune lands are watered by the Laurhibar, a tributary of the Nive, and a tributary of that, the Esteneko stream. The Apatéko stream, a tributary of the Arzubiko stream also crosses the territory of Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan.
Localities and hamlets
* Aguerréa *Ahatsaxilo (former parish) * Ahaxamendy * Ahaxe * Alciette * Bascassan * Bastida * Bernetcheko Borda * Bidartéa * Bordes (2 places) * Buirguista * Buluntza * Chilinchabidéa * Chilo *Curutchet (or Garat) *Dorrea * Errékaldéa * Erromatéguia (2 places) * Etcheverria *Garatehegi * Garatéko Eyhéra * Gastelua * Gastalepo * Haraune * Harguindéguia * Idioinea * Irahane * Iriberria * Irigaraya * Irustikoborda * Italatzé *Kapila * Larluzia * Libiéta * Lietamendy *Ligeta * Olherry * Orido * Ospitaletchia * Sagardoyguibel * Seineguy * Uhaïtzia * Urrutia GéoportailIGN
''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...
Toponymy
The commune's name in Basque is ''Ahatsa-Alzieta-Baskazane''.AHATSA-ALZIETA-BASKAZANEAuñamendi Encyclopedia, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia ;Ahaxe The toponym ''Ahaxe'' appears in the forms: *''Hatce'' (1167)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée *''Fax'' (1194)Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''New Basque Toponymy'', Ed. Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, , page 140 *''domine de ahacha'' (1194) *''Assa'', ''Aassa'', and ''Hassa'' (1249) *''Ahatxa'' (1300) *''Ahaxa'' (1302''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
Paul Raymond (archivist), Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011, p. 3 Chapter of BayonneChapter of Bayonne - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) *''Haxa'' and ''Ahaxe'' (1304) *''Axa'' (1309 and 1350) *''Hatxa'' (1350) *''Hadssa'' (1366) *''Ahtxe'' (1703), Visits of BayonneManuscript of the 18th century - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques *''Sanctus Julianus Ahaxe'' (1757, Diocese of Bayonne collectionsManuscripts from the 17th to the 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of des Pyrénées-Atlantiques). Jean-Baptiste Orpustan indicates that the toponym comes from the Basque oronymic base of ''(h)aitz'' meaning "rock" or "height". The people of the commune are called in Basque ''Ahatsar''. ;Alciette The toponym ''Alciette'' appears in the forms: *''Alsuete'' (1249) *''La Grange Alsuete'' (1302,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 4 Chapter of Bayonne) *''Alçueta'' (1305) *''Alzueta'' (1513, Titles of Pamplona''Titles'' published by don José Yanguas y Miranda ) *''Alçuete'' and ''Alçueta'' (1350)) *''Alchuete'' (1387) *''Alchuette'' (1387) *''Alçueta'' (1621, Martin Biscay''Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla - 1622 petit in-4° ) *''Alsiette'' (1667, regulations of the States of NavarreCollection of manuscripts in 11 volumes of deliberations (1606 to 1789) - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) The Basque name for the people of this area is ''Alzietar''. According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, ''Alciette'' is derived from the medieval ''Alzueta'' which itself comes from the Basque ''alzu'' meaning "place where there are abundant alder trees". ;Bascassan The name ''Bascassan'' appears in the forms: *''Bazquazen'' (1208) *''Bascaçen'' (1292) *''Bascacen'' (1350)) *''Bazcacen'' (1366)) *''Basquacen'' (1413)) *''Bazcacen'' (1513,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 22 Titles of Pamplona) *''Vazquacen'' (1613) *''Vazcazen'' and ''Vazaçan'' (1621 Martin Biscay) *''Bascassan'' (1789) Its origin is uncertain. The people of the area are called ''Bazkazandar'' in basque. ''Ahaxachillo'' is mentioned in the 1863 dictionary.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 3 ) ''Bastida'' is also indicated by Raymond.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 23 ''Errékaldéa'' is mentioned with the spelling ''Errecaldia'' referring to the flowing stream of ''Bascassan'' flowing into the Laurhibar.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 59 ;Curutchet ''Curutchet'' (also called ''Garat'') was a former fief of Ahaxe, a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 54 & 67 ;Etcheverria Paul Raymond (archivist), Paul Raymond mentioned an ''Etcheberry'', a fief located in the parish of Alciette and a vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 63 ;Garatehegi The name ''Garatehegi'' appears in the forms: *''Garateguia'' (1350) *''sent jullian et garateheguj'' (1366) *''la parropie de garatehegi'' (1413) *''Garatteguy'' (1518,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 67 Titles of Pamplona) *''Garatéhéguy'' (1708, Regulation of the commander of IrissarryRegulations of the commandery of Irissarry - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques ) *''Garateguy'' (1863) Garatehegi from Basque means "summit of the high country". ;Gastelua ''Gastelua'' appears with the spelling ''Gastellu'' in 1863.''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 68 ;Libiéta ''Libiéta'' is a toponym that appears in the forms: *''Libiet'' (1621,''Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees''
p. 101 Martin Biscay) *''Libiette'' (1789) ;Ligeta ''Ligeta'' is mentioned in the forms: *''Lagueta'' (1264) *''Ligueta'' (1307) *''Liguete'' (1350), 1366, and 1413). The origin of this toponym could be the Latin ''Liger'' (which was equally likely to be the origin of Loire (river), Loire).
History
The Lordship of Ahaxe, also called the ''Lordship of Cize'', was allied with the Viscounts of Arbéroue in the 11th century as well as the lordships of Guiche, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Guiche and to the Counts of Biscay. Ahaxe and Alciette-Bascassan were reunited on 11 June 1842.Heraldry
Administration
List of Successive Mayors of Ahaxe-Alciette-BascassanInter-communality
The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures: *the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque; *the AEP union of Ahaxe-Lecumberry-Mendive; *the energy union of Pyrenees-Atlantiques; *the RPI (Intercommunal Education) union Hergaray; *the inter-communal union for the development and management of the abattoir of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port; *the joint association for the watershed of the Nive; *the union to support Basque culture.Population
Economy
Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The commune is part of the zone designation of the Ossau-Iraty cheese.Culture and heritage
Languages
According to the ''Map of the Seven Basque Provinces'' published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, the Basque dialect spoken in Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan is eastern low Navarrese.Civil heritage
There is a ''gaztelu zahar'' (a prehistoric fortified complex) at a place called ''Gaztalepo'' (Ahaxe), located 550 metres above sea level. There is also a ''lice'' or a fence surrounding a fortification running at 313 metres above sea level at a place called ''Gaztelua'' or ''Gastellia''. These artifacts represent the ancient past of the commune. There are several buildings, houses, and farms in the commune that are listed as historical monuments. These are: *Houses and Farms (17th - 19th centuries)
*Kapila HouseMinistry of Culture, Mérimée
*Idioinea farm (17th century)
*Gohonetxea farm (17th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*Château Saint-Julien (12th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
Religious Heritage
A number of churches and sites in the commune have been classified as historical monuments. These are: *Parish Church of Saint Julien of Antioch (16th century) The cemetery contains a remarkable collection of Hilarri.
*Chapel of Saint-Saveur of Alciette (12th century). The chapel contains several historical objects:
**Pulpit (17th century)
**2 Benches (17th & 18th century)
**Main Altar, Retable and 4 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Secondary Altar. Retable, 2 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Baptismal fonts (17th century)
**Ceiling (17th century)
**Statue: Baby Jesus (18th century)
**Processional Cross (18th century)
**Cross: Christ on the Cross (17th century)
*Chapel of Saint-Saveur of Alciette (Interior Decor)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
*Former ''benoîterie'' of Bascassan (18th century).
*Former ''benoîterie'' of Bascassan garden.
*Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan (17th century). The church contains a number of historical objects. These are:
**2 Altars, 2 Retables, 2 Paintings, 4 Candlesticks (17th century)
**Baptismal fonts (17th century)
**Pulpit (17th century)
**Processional Cross (18th century)
**Cross: Christ on the Cross (17th century)
**Bronze Bell (17th century)
*Church of Saint-André-de-Bascassan (Interior and Cemetery)
*Cemetery Cross of Ahaxe (1827)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée
Facilities
The commune has a kindergarten.See also
*Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departmentReferences
External links
Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan on Géoportail
Institut géographique national, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website
''Ahaxe, Alciette,'' and ''Bascassan'' on the 1750 Cassini Map
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahaxealciettebascassan Communes of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Lower Navarre