Year 636 (Roman numerals, DCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 636 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

* Arab–Byzantine wars#Arab conquest of Roman Syria: 634–638, Arab–Byzantine War: Emperor Heraclius assembles a large army consisting of contingents of Byzantine Greeks, Byzantines, Slavs, Franks, Georgians, Armenians, and Arab Christians, Christian Arabs. He establishes a base at Yaqusah (near Umm Qais, Gadara), close to the edge of the Golan Heights, protecting the vital main road from Diocese of Egypt, Egypt to Damascus. The base is protected by deep valleys and precipitous cliffs, well supplied with water and grazing. * Summer – Heraclius summons a church assembly at Antioch, and scrutinises the situation. He accepts the argument that Byzantine disobedience to God is to blame for the Christian disaster in Syria. Heraclius leaves for Constantinople with the words, ''‘Peace be with you Syria — what a beautiful land you will be for your enemy’''.

Central America

*April 28 – Yuknoom Chʼeen II becomes the Maya_rulers, ruler of the Mayan city state of Calakmul in southern Mexico and reigns for 50 years until his death in 686.

Europe

* Chintila is elected by a convention of bishops and Nobility, nobles (in accordance with the 75th canon of the Fourth Council of Toledo) as ruler of the Visigoths, after the death of King Sisenand. * Rothari (formerly duke of Brescia) marries widowed Queen Gundeberga, and succeeds Arioald as king of the Lombards. During his reign, he puts many insubordinate nobles to death.

Arabia

* August 15–August 20, 20 – Battle of Yarmouk: In engagements along the Yarmouk River, Muslim forces (25,000 men) of the Rashidun Caliphate, led by Khalid ibn al-Walid, decisively defeat the armies of the Byzantine Empire, effectively completing the Muslim conquest of Syria. It will be regarded as one of the most decisive battles in military history, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests, after the death of Muhammad. * The city of Basra (modern Iraq) is founded on the Shatt al-Arab, at the head of the Persian Gulf. The port will become a major trading center for commodities from Arabian Peninsula, Arabia, India, and Sasanian Empire, Persia. * November 16–November 19, 19 – Battle of al-Qādisiyyah: The Muslim Arab army defeats the Persian forces under Rostam Farrokhzād, at Al-Qādisiyyah (historical city), Al-Qādisiyyah (Southern Mesopotamia).

Asia

* The Xumi Pagoda of Zhengding County, Zhengding (China) is built, during the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang.

By topic

Literature

* The historical texts of the ''Book of Northern Qi'', ''Book of Chen'', and ''Book of Sui'' are compiled in China, during the Tang Dynasty.

Religion

* Birinus, bishop of Winchester, Bishop of Dorchester, converts Cwichelm of Wessex, Cwichelm (son of king Cynegils of Wessex) to Christianity. He dies soon afterward, and is supposedly buried at Scutchamer Knob, in East Hendred (South East England). * June 30 – Fifth Council of Toledo: Chintila orders a meeting in the church of Leocadia, St. Leocadia; the bishops accept a decree that only Goths, Gothic nobility (with military functions) may be king of the Visigothic Kingdom.

Births

* Æthelthryth, Anglo-Saxon princess (approximate date) * Lambert of Maastricht, bishop (approximate date)

Deaths

* April 4 – Isidore of Seville, archbishop and scholar * Arioald, king of the Lombards * Bahman Jadhuyih, Persian general * Dervan, prince of the Sorbs * Ecgric of East Anglia, Ecgric, king of Kingdom of East Anglia, East Anglia (approximate date) * Cwichelm of Wessex, Cwichelm, king of Wessex (approximate date) * George Pisida, Byzantine poet (approximate date) * Jalinus, Armenian Nobility, nobleman * Rostam Farrokhzād, Persian general (or 637) * Sa'd ibn Ubadah, companion of Muhammad (approximate date) * Sisenand, king of the Visigoths * Theodore Trithyrius, Byzantine general (''Sakellarios, sacellarius'') * Empress Zhangsun, Zhangsun, empress of the Tang dynasty (b. 601)

References

Sources

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:636 636,